User:Pedant/Shihō nage

Shihō-Nage Shihō-Nage ( Japanese 四方 投 げ ) is a throwing technique ( Nage-Waza ), which is used in various Japanese martial arts, such as Jiu Jitsu and Aikido . The following description refers to Aikido. The name literally means "throw in all four directions", but sword throw is the common German name. [1]

source WP.de

Table of Contents

   1 origin of the movement
   2 version with sword or bokken
       2.1 Pulling up to the cut
       2.2 Execution of the cut 
   3 version without sword or bokken
   4 Completion of the technique by immobilization
   5 See also
   6 literature
   7 individual proofs 

Origin of the Movement

In aikido techniques were derived from the handling of the Japanese sword, the katana . The sword is held in front of the opponent after being pulled with the tip. If movements have already been carried out, the sword is often situational in another, favorable position for the subsequent movement.

In the movement Shihō-Nage is originally the pulling up of the sword over the head (see "Jodan position") and the cutting down in the vertical or diagonal direction included. Since the katana is traditionally held with both hands, right hand on the front handle, left hand on the handle end, in the execution as Aikidō technique both arms are involved in the movement. The four cardinal directions indicate the possibility that after the first cutting movement the immediate pulling up and repeated cutting is inherent. Execution with sword or Bokken Pulling up to the section

Even when pulling up, different forms of movement can be distinguished, depending on the situation and the position of the sword, as the situation may be:

   From a position with the tip of the sword pointed forward: straight pull up with leading sword tip. The sword is pushed up in a slightly pushing motion, not pulled.
   From the same position: Pulling up the sword while holding the handle. In this form, the sword is pulled up with priority on the handle. Due to the inertia you can fall while the sword point at the same time. Variant 1: When pulling up, the point of the sword points to the right, both hands grip the handle firmly and are closed. The forearms are parallel. Variant 2: When pulling up, the tip of the sword points to the left. This crosses the forearms (Japanese: Juji , German: "cross")
   From a position where the sword is located on the right side of the body with the tip pointing backwards to the ground ( Waki Gamae ): Throwing up the sword, moving the back, not the blade (see Technique Sankyo ) in the direction of movement forward has. This can also be done as a blow with the Schwertrrücken.
   From the position with the sword on the side of the body on the left: The sword is raised in a similar way with a leading handle over the head. 

In combat, the pulling up or tearing of the sword is also already very useful. With the tip turned to the side, the movement is ideal for averting a blow or cut from above (see Uke nagashi ).

In all variants of the embodiment a body rotation ("four directions") is performed, either already when pulling up the sword or when performing the cut.

Other variants are possible depending on the situation and style. Execution of the cut

For cutting, the sword is in the Jodan position, optimally centered centered, not sideways above the head.

The muscular movement receives a lot of energy due to the high weight of the Katana, about 750 to 1000 g. The cut can be made vertically or diagonally.

To further increase the kinetic energy, the swordsman drops his body synchronously with the fall of the sword from the nimble, light-footed stance on the ball of the foot to the entire foot surfaces and into the deep, dynamically-springing position in the knees. This gives the fall of the sword the additional energy and mass acceleration of the entire falling body, about 70 to 100 kg.

Another variation is the simultaneous execution of body rotation on the front foot. The torsion and tightening of the body adds further kinetic energy to the downward movement and adds to the punching power of the cut.

The diagonal cut through the body of the opponent is called Kesa-Geri : Kesa is the orange sash of the Buddhist monks, which is tied from the shoulder to the hip.

Shihō-Nage is with Kesa Geri probably the largest failure potential running movement. Execution without sword or Bokken

The execution of the technique is done without sword, respectively Bokken , in an identical way: The Aikidōka encounters a handle on one or both hands by bringing by entry and rotation in a favorable position for execution.

The technique is initiated by pulling up the arms. This is done by slightly deflecting the pressure exerted by the counterparty on his arms due to his continued movement. The distraction does not block the movement, but it allows entry into the resulting gap and pulling up the arms centered and centered over the head. The attacker is led to maintain the grip, since its initial movement does not jerky, but comfortable and changes in the context of its own movement.

During the entrance movement and the pulling up, the Aikidōka changes the grip and embraces the wrestler's wrists, turning his body 180 degrees, looking behind the opponents. This is found in optimal execution immediately in a position in which each of his movements directly to the throw (Japanese Nage ) leads behind his standing position. If he stops every movement instead, this also leads to the throw, since the Aikidōka is in a more advantageous position.

The effect is that the kinetic energy of forward movement of the attacker, assisted by the slight deflection in the input motion, is translated to an upward rotation and steered 180 degrees into a rearward sweep motion with body rotation , The rotation of the body of the Aikidōkas corresponds to the orientation of the Katana "in all four directions". The throw corresponds to the forcefully vertical or slightly diagonal cutting movement with the sword.

Variations of execution are possible in all Aikido styles, but the principles are retained. Completion of the technique by immobilization

Shihō Nage can be transferred to a holding position when executed without throw. See also

   Aikido techniques 

Literature

   A. Westbrook, O. Ratti: Aikido and the Dynamic Sphere. Tuttle, Rutland VT et al. 1996, ISBN 0-8048-0004-9 .
   Aikidjournal.com Encyclopedia, [1]
   Christian Tissier : Aikido fondamental. Techniques et connaissances fondamentales. Budosport Verlag, Noisy-sur-Ecole 2008, ISBN 978-2-84167-239-4 .
   Christian Tissier: Aikido - Principes et applications. Volume 2: Projections. Self-published, s. l. 2005, DVD 55 minutes. 

Individual proofs Wikibooks Aikido. Accessed on 14th November 2016 .

External links

• www.example.com