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Somdet Phra Bawonratchao Maha Sakdiphonlasep (Thai: สมเด็จพระบวรราชเจ้ามหาศักดิพลเสพ; October 21, 1785 – May 1, 1832) was appointed by Nangklao (Rama III) as the Front Palace, or Second King, and thus titular heir to the throne.
Early life
[edit]Born Prince Arunotai (อรุญญไท "Tai dawn") to King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II) and his concubine Nuiyai, the Prince served with the future Rama III during the Nine Armies' Wars with Burma.
Career
[edit]Sakdiphonlasep (compound of sakdi, (by) right (of) phonla, military force sep, habit-forming) was awarded this name when advanced to the princely rank of kromma muen (กรมหมื่น) and appointed ([ทรงกรม song krom] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)) to the post of Foreign Minister.
Crawfurd Mission
[edit]April 8, 1822, East India Company agent John Crawfurd was granted an audience with the King, which concluded with HM saying: "Whatever you have to say, communicate to the minister, Suri-wung-kosa (สุรีวงศ์-โกษา). What we chiefly want from you are fire-arms."[1]: pp.139–147, img. 163–171 Crawfurd upon arrival had met the deputy of the Foreign Minister, Pia-pipat kosa,[1]: p. 123, i. 147 and advised the Minister's name was Suri-wrung-kosa, [sic][1]: p.125, img.149 — this informal name means "of the illustrious lineage of kosa," i.e., the office of 17th Century Foreign Minister Kosa Pan (โกษาปาน) who had supported the coup of 1688, and was claimed to be a direct ancestor of the Chakri dynasty. "Foreign Minister" is also used by Crawfurd in referringing the higher-ranked Prince Krom-chiat, at the time Phra-klang (defined in a footnote as "Literally, Lord or Master of the Warehouses," and in the lead to chapter 4 as "the Prince Krom-chiat, now King of Siam.")
He was later appointed the Muen Sakdiphonlasep' Kromma Muen was as King Nangklao (Rama III) crowned in 1824 and, consequently, Sakdiphonlasep was made the "Second King". He led the Siamese armies into Isan to fight with King Anouvong of Vientiene in 1825.
Sakdiphonlasep ordered the construction of the Bowonniwet Temple (lit. temple where the Front Palace lived) - the seat of the Sangharaja today and where Prince Mongkut (future Rama IV) became an abbot. In 1829, he ordered the Buddha Chinnasri - a 900-year old Sukhothai Buddha statue from Pitsanulok - to be floated along the river and placed at the Bowonniwet Temple.
His funeral procession was held 2 April 1833, with cremation set for seven days later. The king, through the Phraklang, invited US diplomat Edmund Roberts and party to witness the procession, which Roberts describes in journal. Roberts notes that one of the sons of the wang-na watches at the temple, near the funeral pile, night and day, till the body is consumed; the ashes of the consumed body are then thrown into the river with many ceremonies; and the unconsumed bones are then delivered to the priests, and made into household gods [sic].[2] (Roberts refers to Buddhist monks as "Talapoy," from Portuguese talapão from Burmese tala poi our lord.)
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Crawfurd, John (August 2006 Scan 21) [First published 1830]. "Chapter IV.". Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China. Vol. Volume 1 (2nd ed.). London: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. OCLC 03452414. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
{{cite book}}:|archive-date=requires|archive-url=(help);|volume=has extra text (help); Check date values in:|date=and|archivedate=(help) - ^ Roberts, Edmund (Digitized October 12, 2007) [First published in 1837]. "Chapter XIX—Procession to the funeral pile of Wang-Na or Second King.". Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat: In the U. S. Sloop-of-war Peacock ... during the years 1832-3-4. Harper & brothers. pp. 289–70. ISBN 9780608404066. OCLC 12212199. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
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