User:PBHWS

PBHWS 09:15, 13 October 2006 (UTC) Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_Empire"

Islam and Persia (650–1219) - third (3rd) paragraph states: The Arab empire, ruled by the Umayyad Dynasty, was the largest state in history up to that point. It stretched from the Iberian Peninsula to the Indus River, from the Aral Sea to the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula. The Umayyads borrowed heavily from Persian and Byzantine administrative systems and moved their capital to Damascus, in the center of their empire. The Umayyads would rule Persia for a hundred years. There are problems:

I. Umayyad dynasty of Damascus existed from 661 to 750 C.E. The caliphate of Muawiyyah (661 to 680 C.E) founds the Umayyad dynasty, and moves his capital from Medina to Damascus. - Goldschmidt, A., Jr., A Concise History of the Middle East, 3d rev. ed. (1988).

II. The Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba Spain (Iberia or ancient Al-Andalas) existed from 756 to 1030 C.E. - Goldschmidt, A., Jr., A Concise History of the Middle East, 3d rev. ed. (1988). And The Umayyads, while out of power, were not destroyed. The only surviving member of the Umayyad royal family, which had been all but annihilated, ultimately made his way to Spain where he established himself as an independent Emir (Abd ar-Rahman I, 756). In 929, Abd ar-Rahman III assumed the title of Caliph, establishing Córdoba as a rival to Baghdad as the legitimate capital of the Islamic Empire. - at http://mb-soft.com/believe/indexaz.html#other – Abbasid. And Abd-ar-Rahman, member of Umayyad family, fled from the Abbasid caliphs when they overthrew the Umayyads in 750, and emerged finally in Al-Andalas as the new leader. It was he who established the emirate of Cordoba and it independent of the Abbasids in Damascus (his) successors in the emirate were largely concerned with stabilizing their power. This could be done ruthlessly - Spain And Spain succeeds from the Abbasid caliphate, setting up an independent kingdom under the leadership of one of the Umayyad refugees. - Islam A Short History, Karen Armstrong, The Modern Library. Random House, Inc., New York, 2000.

the fifth (5th) paragraph states: In 750 the Umayyads were ousted from power by the Abbasid family. By that time, Persians had come to play an important role in the bureaucracy of the empire ISBN 1-84212-011-5. The caliph Al-Ma'mun, whose mother was Persian, moved his capital away from Arab lands into Merv in eastern Iran. It was he who later founded the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, based on the Iranian Jondishapour.

There is a problem with I. Only one (1) sentence devoted to the Abbasid dynasty that ruled from 750 to 1258 C.E. and taking its name from its ancestor al-Abbas who was a member of the tribe of Quraysh of Mecca and was the uncle of the Prophet Muhammad. They began as a Shii movement but became a Sunni dynasty. - http://mb-soft.com/believe/indexaz.html#other – Abbasid. And II. Al-Ma'mun. His caliphate existed from 813 to 833 C.E. shouldn’t this follow the first sentence in paragraph eight (8)?