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User:Optimismal

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My interests include computing, digital storage, future technology, physics, riddles, jokes, paradoxes, abstract strategy games, math values such as infiniti and pi, and new discoveries.

Articles I Wish were written

Future technology

Paper Wasp (Projectile)

Toxic Waste (confectionery)

Magic Fingers Strategy

Please add links about technology or science that you find interesting or that you think I might enjoy but do not delete any.

These are Links That I Found Interesting.

Abstract strategy game

Albert Einstein

AM broadcasting

Amplitude modulation

Antimatter rocket (Antimatter Propulsion)

Artificial gravity

Artificial intelligence

Autistic savant

Banach–Tarski paradox

Benjamin Franklin

Combinatorial game theory

Dominoes on a chessboard puzzle

El Niño-Southern Oscillation

Electric propulsion

Electronic Paper

Enhanced Versatile Disc

Faster than light travel

Field emission display

Fluorescent Multilayer Disc

FM broadcasting

Frequency modulation

Future Technology

Galileo Galilei

Game complexity

Holographic Versatile Disc

Impossible Puzzle

Inertial compensator (Also commonly referred to as "inertial dampers")

Infinite monkey theorem

Interstellar travel

Lagrange's four-square theorem

List of "largest" articles

List of impossible puzzles

List of NUMB3RS episodes

List of paradoxes

List of tallest buildings and structures in the world

Longest word in English

Magnetic Monopole

Magnetic sail (MAGSAIL) (Magnetic propulsion)

Manhunt (people game)

Microtechnology

Microwave propulsion or Microwave Sails (Microwave beamed energy propulsion)

Laser propulsion

Beam-powered propulsion

High Power Electric Propulsion

Electrostatic ion thruster

Monty Hall problem

Naga Jolokia pepper

Names of large numbers

Nano-emissive display

Neutrino telecommunications

Newton's cradle

Nielsen Ratings

Nuclear technology

Optical engineering

Optical illusion

Phase-change memory

Quantum Computer

Reverse psychology

Seven Bridges of Königsberg

Seven Wonders of the World

Solar power satellite

Space elevators

Stabilizing Ferroelectric Materials

Surface-conduction electron-emitter display

Thinking outside the box

Three cottage problem

Three cups problem

Two-Photon 3-D Optical Data Storage

Ultra Density Optical

Ultra High Definition Video

Unsolved problems in physics

USB flash drive

Versatile Compact Disc High Density

Video sensor technology

Virtual retinal display

Warheads (confectionery)

Wavelength-division multiplexing

Wikipedia:Release Version

Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/Wikipedia 1.0

Math and Puzzle Related Links

Abstract strategy game

Banach–Tarski paradox

Combinatorial game theory

Dominoes on a chessboard puzzle

Game complexity

Impossible Puzzle

Infinite monkey theorem

Lagrange's four-square theorem

List of impossible puzzles

List of NUMB3RS episodes

Monty Hall problem

Seven Bridges of Königsberg

Thinking outside the box

Three cottage problem

Three cups problem

These are External Links That I Found Interesting

12.8 million GBs of storage in 1 cm³ of water.

Puzzles

Future Technologies at SpaceRef.com

Riddles–Wu:Riddles

Powers of Ten

Am I In Pi?

U.S. National Debt Clock

Cool Math

Cut the Knot

Tower of Hanoi

The Fruit Game

Escape from Knab

Fun Brain

Math Cats

Math is Fun

Brain Pop

Play Sudoku Online

These are Templates That I Found Interesting

Video storage formats

Analog	Quadruplex (1956) VERA (1958) Ampex 2 inch helical VTR (1961) Sony 2 inch helical VTR (1961) Type A (1965) CV-2000 (1965) Akai (1967) EIAJ-1 (1969) U-matic (1971) Cartrivision (1972) Philips VCR (1972) V-Cord (1974) VX (1974) Betamax (1975) IVC (1975) Type B (1976) Type C (1976) VHS (1976) VK (1977) SVR (1979) Video 2000 (1980) CVC (1980) VHS-C (1982) M (1982) Betacam (1982) Video8 (1985) Betacam SP (1986) MII (1986) S-VHS (1987) S-VHS-C (1987) Hi8 (1989) Ruvi (1998)
Digital	D1 (1986) D2 (1988) D3 (1991) DCT (1992) Digital Betacam (1993) D5 (1994) Digital-S (D9) (1995) Betacam SX (1996) Digital8 (1999) MPEG IMX (2000) MicroMV (2001)
High Definition	Sony HDVS (1984) UniHi (1984) BCH 1000 (1992) W-VHS (1994) HDCAM (1997) D-VHS (1998) D6 HDTV VTR (2000) HDV (2003) HDCAM SR (2003)

Analog	Phonovision (1927) Ampex-HS (1967) TeD (1975) LaserDisc (1978) CED (1981) VHD (1983) Laserfilm (1984) CD Video (1987) VSD (1990)
Digital	VCD (1993) MovieCD (1996) DVD (1996) MiniDVD (c. 1996) CVD (1998) SVCD (1998) EVD (2003) PVD (Personal Video Disc) (2003) UMD (2004) FVD (2005)
High Definition	MUSE Hi-Vision LD (1994) Professional Disc (PFD) (2003) HVD (High-Definition Versatile Disc) (2004) VMD (2006) HD DVD (2006) BD (Blu-ray Disc) (2006) MiniBD (c. 2006) HVD (Holographic Versatile Disc) (2007) CBHD (China Blue High-definition Disc) (2008)
Ultra-High Definition	UHD-BD (Ultra HD Blu-ray) (2016)

Virtual

Media agnostic	DV (1995) DVCPRO (1995) DVCAM (1996) DVCPRO50 (1997) DVCPRO HD (2000)
Tapeless	CamCutter Editcam (1995) XDCAM (2003) GBA-TV (2004) MOD (2005) AVCHD (2006) AVC-Intra (2006) TOD (2007) iFrame (2009) XAVC (2012)
Solid state	P2 (2004) SxS (2007) MicroP2 (2012)

Video recorded to film

Computer memory and data storage types
General Memory cell Memory coherence Cache coherence Memory hierarchy Memory access pattern Memory map Secondary storage MOS memory floating-gate Continuous availability Areal density (computer storage) Block (data storage) Object storage Direct-attached storage Network-attached storage Storage area network Block-level storage Single-instance storage Data Structured data Unstructured data Big data Metadata Data compression Data corruption Data cleansing Data degradation Data integrity Data security Data validation Data validation and reconciliation Data recovery Storage Data cluster Directory Shared resource File sharing File system Clustered file system Distributed file system Distributed file system for cloud Distributed data store Distributed database Database Data bank Data storage Data store Data deduplication Data structure Data redundancy Replication (computing) Memory refresh Storage record Information repository Knowledge base Computer file Object file File deletion File copying Backup Core dump Hex dump Data communication Information transfer Temporary file Copy protection Digital rights management Volume (computing) Boot sector Master boot record Volume boot record Disk array Disk image Disk mirroring Disk aggregation Disk partitioning Memory segmentation Locality of reference Logical disk Storage virtualization Virtual memory Memory-mapped file Software entropy Software rot In-memory database In-memory processing Persistence (computer science) Persistent data structure RAID Non-RAID drive architectures Memory paging Bank switching Grid computing Cloud computing Cloud storage Fog computing Edge computing Dew computing Amdahl's law Moore's law Kryder's law
Volatile
RAM Hardware cache CPU cache Scratchpad memory DRAM eDRAM SDRAM SGRAM LPDDR QDRSRAM EDO DRAM XDR DRAM RDRAM DDR GDDR HBM SRAM 1T-SRAM ReRAM QRAM Content-addressable memory (CAM) Computational RAM VRAM Dual-ported RAM Video RAM (dual-ported DRAM)
Historical Williams–Kilburn tube (1946–1947) Delay-line memory (1947) Mellon optical memory (1951) Selectron tube (1952) Dekatron T-RAM (2009) Z-RAM (2002–2010)
Non-volatile
ROM Diode matrix MROM PROM EPROM EEPROM ROM cartridge Solid-state storage (SSS) Flash memory is used in: Solid-state drive (SSD) Solid-state hybrid drive (SSHD) USB flash drive IBM FlashSystem Flash Core Module Memory card Memory Stick CompactFlash PC Card MultiMediaCard SD card SIM card SmartMedia Universal Flash Storage SxS MicroP2 XQD card Programmable metallization cell
NVRAM Memistor Memristor PCM (3D XPoint) MRAM Electrochemical RAM (ECRAM) Nano-RAM CBRAM
Early-stage NVRAM FeRAM ReRAM FeFET memory
Analog recording Phonograph cylinder Phonograph record Quadruplex videotape Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus Magnetic recording Magnetic storage Magnetic tape Magnetic-tape data storage Tape drive Tape library Digital Data Storage (DDS) Videotape Videocassette Cassette tape Linear Tape-Open Betamax 8 mm video format DV MiniDV MicroMV U-matic VHS S-VHS VHS-C D-VHS Hard disk drive
Optical 3D optical data storage Optical disc LaserDisc Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA) CD CD Video CD-R CD-RW Video CD Super Video CD Mini CD Nintendo optical discs CD-ROM Hyper CD-ROM DVD DVD+R DVD-Video DVD card DVD-RAM MiniDVD HD DVD Blu-ray Ultra HD Blu-ray Holographic Versatile Disc WORM
In development CBRAM Racetrack memory NRAM Millipede memory ECRAM Patterned media Holographic data storage Electronic quantum holography 5D optical data storage DNA digital data storage Universal memory Time crystal Quantum memory UltraRAM
Historical Paper data storage (1725) Punched card (1725) Punched tape (1725) Plugboard Drum memory (1932) Magnetic-core memory (1949) Plated-wire memory (1957) Core rope memory (1960s) Thin-film memory (1962) Disk pack (1962) Twistor memory (~1968) Bubble memory (~1970) Floppy disk (1971)
v t e

Display technology

Past generation	Eidophor Cathode-ray tube (CRT) Jumbotron Electroluminescent display (ELD) Rear-projection display Plasma display panel (PDP) ALiS
Current generation	Quantum dot display (QLED) Electronic paper E Ink Gyricon Light-emitting diode display (LED) Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) Active-Matrix Organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) Liquid-crystal display (LCD) TFT TN IPS LED-backlit Blue Phase Digital Light Processing (DLP) Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS)
Next generation	microLED Electroluminescent Quantum Dots (ELQD/QD-LED) Organic light-emitting transistor (OLET) Surface-conduction electron-emitter display (SED) Field-emission display (FED) Laser TV Quantum dot Liquid crystal MEMS display IMoD TMOS Ferroelectric liquid crystal display (FLCD) Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent technology (TDEL) Laser-powered phosphor display (LPD)

Non-video

Electromechanical
- Flip-dot
- Split-flap
Eggcrate
Fiber-optic
Nixie tube
Vacuum fluorescent display (VFD)
Light-emitting electrochemical cell (LEC)
Lightguide display
Dot-matrix display
Seven-segment display (SSD)
Eight-segment display
Nine-segment display
Fourteen-segment display (FSD)
Sixteen-segment display (SISD)

Static media

Display capabilities

Related articles

Comparison of display technology

Broadcast video formats

Television

405 lines	System A
525 lines	System M (Color systems: NTSC, NTSC-J, Clear-Vision, PAL-M) B-MAC
625 lines	System B, C, D, G, H, I, K, L, N (Color systems: PAL, PAL-N, PALplus, SECAM) MAC
819 lines	System E, F
1125 lines	MUSE
1250 lines	HD-MAC
Audio	BTSC (MTS) EIAJ NICAM SAP Sound-in-Syncs Zweikanalton (A2/IGR)
Hidden signals	Captioning CGMS-A EPG GCR PDC Teletext VBI VEIL VIT VITC WSS XDS
Historical	Pre-1940 Mechanical television 180-line 343-line 375-line 441-line 455-line 567-line Field-sequential color system OSKM

Interlaced	SDTV 480i 576i HDTV 1080i
Progressive	LDTV 1seg 240p 288p EDTV 480p 576p HDTV 720p 1080p UHDTV 4K 8K
MPEG-2 Video	ATSC DVB DVB 3D-TV ISDB DTMB ABS-S
AVS	CMMB
AVS+^{[note 1]}	DTMB ABS-S
MPEG-4 Visual	MobaHo!^{[note 2]}
MPEG-4 AVC	ATSC A/72 CMMB DMB DTMB DVB SBTVD 1seg MobaHo!^{[note 2]}
AVS2^{[note 1]}	ABS-S
MPEG-H HEVC	ATSC 3.0 DVB HD DMB ISDB-S3 DTMB
Audio	AC-3 (5.1) AC-4 DTS DRA MPEG-1 Audio Layer II MPEG Multichannel PCM LPCM AAC HE-AAC MPEG-H 3D Audio
Hidden signals	AFD Broadcast flag Captioning CPCM EPG Teletext
^ ^a ^b Also used in China's DVB-S/S2 network. ^ ^a ^b Defunct.

Technical issues
14:9 compromise Broadcast-safe Digital cinema (DCI) Display motion blur Moving image formats MPEG transport stream Reverse Standards Conversion Standards conversion Television transmitter Test card Video on demand Video processing Widescreen signaling Templates (Analogue TV Topics)

Multiple-byte units

Decimal
Value	Metric
1000	kB	kilobyte
1000²	MB	megabyte
1000³	GB	gigabyte
1000⁴	TB	terabyte
1000⁵	PB	petabyte
1000⁶	EB	exabyte
1000⁷	ZB	zettabyte
1000⁸	YB	yottabyte
1000⁹	RB	ronnabyte
1000¹⁰	QB	quettabyte

Binary
Value	IEC		Memory
1024	KiB	kibibyte	KB	kilobyte
1024²	MiB	mebibyte	MB	megabyte
1024³	GiB	gibibyte	GB	gigabyte
1024⁴	TiB	tebibyte	TB	terabyte
1024⁵	PiB	pebibyte	—
1024⁶	EiB	exbibyte	—
1024⁷	ZiB	zebibyte	—
1024⁸	YiB	yobibyte	—
—
—

Orders of magnitude of data

Decimal
Value	Metric
1000	kbit	kilobit
1000²	Mbit	megabit
1000³	Gbit	gigabit
1000⁴	Tbit	terabit
1000⁵	Pbit	petabit
1000⁶	Ebit	exabit
1000⁷	Zbit	zettabit
1000⁸	Ybit	yottabit
1000⁹	Rbit	ronnabit
1000¹⁰	Qbit	quettabit

Binary
Value	IEC		Memory
1024	Kibit	kibibit	Kbit	Kb	kilobit
1024²	Mibit	mebibit	Mbit	Mb	megabit
1024³	Gibit	gibibit	Gbit	Gb	gigabit
1024⁴	Tibit	tebibit	—
1024⁵	Pibit	pebibit	—
1024⁶	Eibit	exbibit	—
1024⁷	Zibit	zebibit	—
1024⁸	Yibit	yobibit	—
—
—

Orders of magnitude of data

v t e Major mathematics areas
History Timeline Future Lists Glossary
Foundations	Category theory Information theory Mathematical logic Philosophy of mathematics Set theory Type theory
Algebra	Abstract Commutative Elementary Group theory Linear Multilinear Universal Homological
Analysis	Calculus Real analysis Complex analysis Hypercomplex analysis Differential equations Functional analysis Harmonic analysis Measure theory
Discrete	Combinatorics Graph theory Order theory
Geometry	Algebraic Analytic Arithmetic Differential Discrete Euclidean Finite
Number theory	Arithmetic Algebraic number theory Analytic number theory Diophantine geometry
Topology	General Algebraic Differential Geometric Homotopy theory
Applied	Engineering mathematics Mathematical biology Mathematical chemistry Mathematical economics Mathematical finance Mathematical physics Mathematical psychology Mathematical sociology Mathematical statistics Probability Statistics Systems science Control theory Game theory Operations research
Computational	Computer science Theory of computation Computational complexity theory Numerical analysis Optimization Computer algebra
Related topics	Mathematicians lists Informal mathematics Films about mathematicians Recreational mathematics Mathematics and art Mathematics education
Mathematics portal Category Commons WikiProject

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