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Try to write article The meaning of the names of cyrillic or glagolic letters.

Characteristics

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The values of many of the letters are thought to have been displaced under Cyrillic influence, or to have become confused through the early spread to different dialects, so that the original values are not always clear. For instance, the letter yu Ⱓ is thought to have perhaps originally had the sound /u/, but was displaced by the adoption of an ow ligature Ⱆ under the influence of later Cyrillic. Other letters were late creations after a Cyrillic model.

The following table lists each letter in its modern order, showing an image of the letter (round variant), the corresponding modern Cyrillic letter, the approximate sound transcribed with the IPA, the name, and suggestions for its origin. Several letters have no modern counterpart.

Letter Cyrillic Sound OCS name CS name Meaning Equivalent or transltation in modern Russian
Azu А /ɑ/ Azъ Az I Translated as ya/я. Az exists in modern Bulgarian and means I
Bouky Б /b/ Buky Buky letters bookvy/буквы
Vede В /ʋ/ Vědě Vedi to know znaju/знаю
Glagolu Г /ɡ/ Glagoli Glagoli to do/to speak translated as tvoree твори, delai делай or as govoree говори
Dobro Д /d/ Dobro Dobro kindness/goodness dobro добро
Jestu Є, Е, Э /ɛ/ Estъ, jestъ, yestъ Jest is/exists est' есть
Zhivete Ж /ʒ/ Živěte Zhivete life/live zhiveete живите
Dzelo Ѕ /dz/ Dzělo Dzelo very translated as ochen' очень
Zemlja З /z/ Zemlja Zemlja Earth/ground/soil zemlja земля
Ⰹ, Ⰺ I, Izhe И, Й /i, j/ Iže Izhe which is/the kotoryi который or tot samyi тот самый
I І, Ї /i, j/ I I and (&) ee и
Gjerv Ћ, Ђ /dʑ/ Djervь, ǵervь tree/wood derevo дерево
Kako К /k/ Kako Kako how/as kak как
Ljudie Л /l, ʎ/ Ljudie Ljudi people ljudee люди
Myslite М /m/ Myslite Mislete think mysleete мыслите
Nashi Н /n, ɲ/ Našь Nash ours nash наш
Onu О /ɔ/ Onъ On he on он
Pokoi П /p/ Pokoi Pokoj calmness/peace pokoj покой
Rici Р /r/ Rьci, rьtsi Rtsi Speak!/Pronounce! same root as in "rech'" "речь" speach, but translated as govori говори
Slovo С /s/ Slovo Slovo word/speech Unknown,[1] Christian symbols circle and triangle
Tvrido Т /t/ Tvrьdo Tverdo solid/hard/surely Perhaps from crossbar of Greek tau τ[1]
Uku У /u/ Ukъ Uk Knowledgeable/Enlightened Ligature of onъ and izhitsa[1]
Fritu Ф /f/ Frьtъ Fert Variant of Greek phi φ[1]
Heru Х /x/ Xěrъ, Khěrъ Kher Unknown, similar to glagoli and Latin h[1]
Otu Ѡ /ɔ/ Otъ Oht, Omega Ligature of onъ and its mirror image[1]
Shta Щ /tʲ, ʃt/ Šta Shta what Ligature of sha over tvrьdo[1]
Ci Ц /ts/ Ci, tsi Tsi Final form of Hebrew tsade ץ[1]
Chrivi Ч /tʃ/ Črьvъ Cherv worm Unknown, similar to shta[1] perhaps non-final form of Hebrew tsade צ
Sha Ш /ʃ/ Ša Sha Hebrew shin ש[1]
Jeru Ъ /ɯ/ Erъ, jerъ, yerъ Yer Possibly modification of onъ[1]
ⰟⰉ Jery Ы /ɨ/ Ery, jery, yery Yery Ligature, see the note under the table
Jeri Ь /ə/ Erь, jerь, yerь Yerj Possibly modification of onъ[1]
Jati Ѣ /æ, jɑ/ Jatь, Yatь Yat Possibly epigraphic Greek alpha Α[1]
Ё */jo/ Unknown:[1] Hypothetical component of jonsь below; /jo/ was not possible at the time
Jou Ю /ju/ Ju, yu Yu Unknown[1]
Ensu (small jousu) Ѧ, Я /ɛ̃/ [Ensь] Ya, Small yus Greek epsilon ε, also used to denote nasality[1]
Jensu (small jousu) Ѩ /jɛ̃/ [Jensь, Yensь] [Small iotated yus] Ligature of jestъ and ensь for nasality[1]
Onsu (big jousu) Ѫ /ɔ̃/ [Onsь] [Big yus] Ligature of onъ and ensь for nasality[1]
Jonsu (big jousu) Ѭ /jɔ̃/ [Jonsь, Yonsь] [Big iotated yus] Ligature of unknown letter and ensь for nasality[1]
Thita Ѳ /θ/ [Thita] Fita Greek theta θ
Yzhica Ѵ /ʏ, i/ Ižica, Izhitsa Izhitsa Unknown

Note that yery is a digraph of either yerъ or yerь and izhe or i.

In older texts, ukъ and three out of four yuses also can be written as digraphs, in two separate parts.

The order of izhe and i varies from source to source, as does the order of the various forms of Yus. Correspondence between Glagolitic izhe and i with Cyrillic И and I is unknown – textbooks and dictionaries often mention one of two possible versions and keep silence about the existence of the opposite one.

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Cite error: The named reference Schenker was invoked but never defined (see the help page).