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Changing Practice of Liberal Education and Rhetoric In Jesuit Education, 1600-2000

(David Leigh, 2016)

- The basis of Jesuit education is believed to come from a document of the late sixteenth century called Ratio Studiorum.

- As contexts changes in the world, Jesuit education has adapted their education teaching with the changing contexts in the world.

Was thinking since Leigh mentioned how Jesuit education has changed then this could ask as history to what led up to eloquenta perfecta?

The chapter on changing practices gives a summary and kind of like story of how education was like in the 16th century at Jesuit colleges in Italy then eighteenth century Jesuit colleges in France then finally early twentieth century Jesuit universities in the United States.

So it describes what they teach and how they teach so basically how their school system is ran.

I was thinking of having a section to describe each one to show how lead or how much Jesuit education has changed to be part of eloquenta perfecta.

Would want a lot of the story and method or more like a brief summary.

Each subhead would be each of the time period I listed.

Talk about articles that say how it is connected to today society which is more digital oriented, so this part would be another section about Jesuit education in today's society.

(ADAPTION)

Sixteenth-Century Jesuit Colleges in Italy

- Follow model of University of Paris

- Notice that students are studying a variety of subjects from Cicero to Aristotle

- Ratio Stadiorum

- grew out of Ignatius's vision

- Called for a five year curriculum that combined the Renaissance focus on the classical humanities (Latin and Greek grammar, literature and rhetoric) then with some math and history

- lead up to integrative study of science, logic, philosophy and some colleges theology

- Trying to emphasize theology and philosophy (Thomistic and Aristotelian)

"Showed that Jesuit liberal tradition education tried to combine the best of the past medieval education with the best of the contemporary renaissance learning" (David Leigh, 2016).

16th century:

Jesuit education is believed by many Jesuits that the late sixteenth century's Ratio Studiourum was the founding document of Jesuit education. Ratio was developed from an idea from Ignatius Loyola vision of education which had a base lineo of classical humanities with a Renaissacnefocus. In addition, there was some math and history. As students go up to higher education, they are integrative study of science, logic, philosophy, and theology. Whether you are in high school or college, the goal of eloquentia perfecta is still there. The goals were not explicit but eloquentia perfecta are on the ideas of "developing an eloquent and mature". For example, when students gave speeches, they had to adapt to different audiences and be able to speak in a variety of styles to persuade the audience.

18th Century:

When the eighteenth century came along, Jesuit education was revised yet still maintained similar self-educating practices like lecturing, questioning, quizzes, homework, exams, daily review, and public speaking. However, the education system added science experiments, plays and speeches, writing essays that compared history and discuss the worth philosophical to philosophical ideas. Even though, the Ancients and the Moderns provided a struggle to pick which idea was better. The goal of education remained the same as students being able to be public leader with mind, emotions, and eloquence in order to be effective.

20th Century:

American Jesuit liberal-arts-colleges in the mid-twentieth-century had a new major discipline incorporated into their educational system. In college students would have to take two thirds of their college requirement credits on liberal education and the other third in their major. Before the twentieth century, students had to learn about classical core education but it has changed to professional field which include nursing, business, and education. Furthermore, there are still studies in rhetoric and logic that students have to do which include speech and debates. In the education system, some teachers still use the self-active methods of earlier Jesuit colleges where they have lectures and exams. Graduates from college during this time period say that the hugest benefit they got out of their education was that they learned "learned to think".

Ancient:

In ancient Athens, they had a goal of "perfect eloquence" in their education system, which was long before the Jesuits existed. They believed that speech had great power and could achieve many things with "perfect eloquence" way of speaking. Isocrates taught the "art of word" in his school that he opened and continued with words are needed to express one's thoughts.