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FIELD WORK Carrying Out Field work Around Some Productive Areas in Uganda.Italic text RECOMMENDED METHODS USED IN FIELD WORK (Analyzing of existing information).  Interviewing  Observation  Recording  Measurement  Sampling  Map orientation  Questioner  Documentation

NB: When one is answering a question about how methods were used in the field or steps taken in the actual stage of field work, he/she MUST first identify the method, define it and illustrate how he used the method with evidence of data obtained from the field.

STAGES OF CARRYING OUT FIELDWORK 1. Preparation stage Activities follow a systematic order as follows; - Conducting a pilot study with evidence of who did it and where it was done. - Formulation of the topic of study with evidence of the topic. - Formulation of aims and objectives of the study with examples of such aims. - Choice of methods to be used in the study. NB: These first four steps should be given in that order, when mixed, no marks are awarded. - Choice of instruments or tools to be used. - Sharing of tasks through groupings. - Seeking of permission from head teacher and local councils of area of study and briefing by teacher and departure.

2. Actual field study Involves going to field and apply the methods chosen in carrying out field work. So, the activities involve identifying different methods, illustrating them with evidence from the field. 3 Follow up stage. - Presentation of collected data by different groups. - Polishing or completing sketches drawn while in the field. - Comparing of the geographical data through discussion. - Analyzing and interpreting of data and drawing of conclusions of what was discovered in the field. - Writing field work reports and submitting for marking. - Evaluation of the aims and objectives.

GEOGRAPHICAL RELATIONSHIPS - Physical to physical;  Relief and soil  Soil and vegetation  Climate and drainage  Hills and rocks

- Physical to human  Soil and agriculture  Vegetation and lumbering  Drainage and fishing  Relief and settlement

- Human to human  Roads and urbanization  Settlement and schools  Fishing and trade  Transport and settlement

NB: When giving data about relationships, your answer MUST vary all relationships. Relationships also answer questions asking about geographical significance, understanding of the geography and conclusions.

SKILLS GAINED DURING FIELDWORK - Skill of measurement - Skill of sketching - Skill of sampling - Skill of observation - Skill of interview - Skill of sorting out information NB: Skills gained are derived from the methods used with evidence of how they were attained from the field.

Sketch maps, panorama, and transects (cross section) drawn in fieldwork should have at least three physical features with their local names and three human features with the qualities of a good map. NB: - The term annotated simply means a well labeled with all the features. - The panorama MUST the point of view and it MUST also be shown in the title. For instance; A PANORAMIC VIEW OF BBUTO VILLAGE AS SEEN FROM KASOKO VALLEY. - The transect (cross section) MUST have the following;  Shaded landscape.  The physical and man-made features MUST be on the surface of the landscape and they should be well labeled. While answering about the demerits/disadvantages of the method, the information missed as a result of the problem should be given because it qualifies for the mark.

Recommendations are solutions to the problems in the field in the past tense.

NB: They must be addressed to a stake holder in the past tense PROBLEMS FACED DURING THE STUDY Consider: - Problems that resulted from/were associated with research methods - Problems that arose from the local geography of the area NB: For every problem; - Identify or mention it - Explain how you faced it and what you wanted to find out - Point out how it affected the study i.e; the information you failed to get because of the problem.

AREAS FOR EMPHASIS • Topic of the study • Objectives of the study • Pre-field preparations • Methods used to collect data • Findings of the study • Field sketches; sketch maps, line transect, panorama. • Advantages and problems related to research methods used. • Problems faced during the study • Problems facing land use/people in the area studied • Recommendations made to stake holders and authorities • Follow-up activities • Conclusions made about the field studied • Practical skills acquired during the study.

WHAT IS EXPECTED OF THE CANDIDATE? • Maturity of reasoning • Ability to show detailed knowledge of the subject matter • Ability to categorize geographical facts (synthesis) • Ability to argue out issues basing on known, applicable, and up-to-date facts • Ability to illustrate answers using relevant sketches and examples (all physical features and man-made features should be identified using local names). • Ability to understand and observe the rubric.

NOTE: For any question concerning field work, a candidate MUST first state the topic of study and objectives whether asked for or not; they not only qualify marks, but also show that one carried out the field study.

TOPIC: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FEATURES AND LAND USE PATTERNS AROUND THE SEZIBWA RIVER FALLS MUKONO DISTRICT.

The objectives of the fieldwork study. 1. To find out the location of Sezibwa falls. 2. To find out the historical background of Sezibwa falls. 3. To identify the physical features around Sezibwa falls. 4. To identify the land use/economic activities carried out around the site. 5. To find out the importance of Sezibwa falls to the people around. 6. To find out the problems faced by the management of Sezibwa falls. 7. To find out the possible solutions to the problems. 8. To find out the future prospects of the Sezibwa falls.

Interviewing method. Narrated by Tenywa Bosco who works as a tour guide at Sezibwa river falls. 1. Location It is located in Kungu_Maduda, Kawolo subcounty in Mukono district. The river Sezibwa falls is under the management of Buganda Kingdom and the Kabaka foundation. 2. The historical background of the river Sezibwa falls. A. Geographical background. The source of the river is in Kawuna, Ngogwe sub-county in Mukono district. It is a stream i.e. water comes from under ground. The river passes through Lake Kyoga, joins the Victoria Nile which pours its water in the Mediterranean Sea. B. Cultural background. It is a born river to the parents called; Nalongo Nakangu Tebatesa and Salongo Nsubuga Sebwato. The river has a twin brother who is also a river called Mubeya from Ngogwe.

3. Physical features around and along the Sezibwa river falls. - River meander - Knick point of a river i.e. a point where water moves slowly. - Plung pool about 15 meters deep. - Gorge - Blided channel. It is in form of an island leading to separation of a river and it is caused by erosion and deposition. - Rocks. There are metamorphic rocks caused by Vulcancity and continental colliding. - Forest. It has both natural and artificial trees; animals like; monkeys, monitor lizards, snakes, kobs, concupines, bats, birds and squirrels. Some of the trees and their functions include;  African Tulip tree for curing stomach ache and abnormal menstrual treatment.  Wild Olive tree for healing against tape worms.  Maopsis Eminii for treating stomach ache.  Flame tree (Jirikiti) fore healing snake bites and sever vomiting.  Giant yellow mulbelly for curing throat problems.  Mango tree for treatment against fever, cough among others. - The cave for worshipping a ghost inform of a python. 4. The forms of land use at Sezibwa river falls; - Tourism - Camping - Nature walks for research of medical trees like; Newtonia Buchanani. - Canoeing at the plung pool. - Fishing using hooks. - Cultural rituals at the cave.

5. Importance of the Sezibwa river falls - It is a source of employment i.e. tour guides, drivers, gardeners, and cleaners. - It is a source of foreign exchange. - It is a source of revenue to the Buganda kingdom and central government. - It is a source of water for domestic use and cultural values. - It is for conservation purposes towards the forest because it discourages human settlement. - It is for study and research purposes like during the nature walks.

6. Problems faced by the management of Sezibwa river falls. - Poor transport and communication networks like the poor road. - Accidents at the water falls e.g. people falling off from the rocks into the plung pool. - Hunters who carry out pouching of the animals like; kobs. - Environmental degradation e.g. plucking of tree branches. - Absence of accommodation facilities at the site. - Low turn up of the visitors. - Government interference to put up a power project at the falls. - Limited parking space.

7. Solutions to the problems faced by the management of Sezibwa falls. - Employment of guards and life savers to control the accidents. - Setting up a camp site and a restaurant. - Pleading to the district officials to construct a road leading to the site. - Chasing away the hunters. - Coming up with new parking loot.

8. The future prospects of the river Sezibwa falls management. - Making it a resort. - Setting up a botanical centre. - Setting up a hotel on the opposite hill. - Changing the position of the entrance. 9. The possible problems faced when carrying out this field work study. - Accidents like falling on the slippery rocks stop us from know the nature of the rocks. - The low voice of the interviewee made us miss out some important information. - Some information was left out due to confidentiality.

TOPIC: THE FACTORS FOR THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF KASAKU TEA ESTATE MUKONO DISTRICT.

Objectives of the fieldwork study. 1. To find out the location and historical background of the tea estate. 2. To find out the factors for the growth and development of Kasaku estate. 3. To identify the activities done at Kasaku tea Estate. 4. To find out the relationship between physical features and land use. 5. To describe the process of tea production. 6. To find out the uses of tea. 7. To identify the problems facing the tea estate. 8. To find out the solutions to the problems facing the tea estate. 9. To find out the future prospects of the tea estate. Interviewing method. As narrated by Massa Apollo the field manager. 1. The location of Kasaku tea estate. - It is found 40 km from Kampala, 2 km from Kampala-Jinja highway. - It is found in Kasaku village, Kawolo Sub County in Mukono district. - It is located east of Mukono town, west of Lugazi town and south of Mount St. Mary’s Namagunga.

2. The historical background of Kasaku tea estate. - It was started in the 1920s by a European group and later sold to Mehta in 1938 and the area bought was under 450 hectares. - In 1960, Kasaku expanded to 160 hectares, 225 hectares and 98 hectares. - In 2006, Kasaku acquired Salaama from Rwenzori Tea Company and Salaama is over 1000 hectares. - The management of Uganda Tea Cooperation Ltd. - Kasaku has three categories of labor force i.e. skilled (103), semi skilled (247) and (2146) unskilled laborers. The sources of labor are the eastern and northern regions of Uganda.

3. The factors for the growth of Kasaku tea estate. - Availability of land. The land has medium loamy soil with black humus, acidic soils with PH about 4-6 and under the relief of 2500-2000ft above sea level. - Climate of the area. It has moderate temperatures about 70° F, rainfall between 1200ml-1500ml and humidity not below 40% and not above 80%. - Availability of power in form of hydro electricity, wood fuel and oil fuel. - Availability of capital from International commercial institutions e.g. African Development bank, bank of Baroda and Stanbic bank. - Availability of a water source in the swamp called Rwere swamp and Waziwe stream. - Good transport and communication e.g. Lorries, tractors, motorcycles and proper roads. - Availability of labor i.e. cheap and abundant labor. - Entrepreneurship skills i.e. properly qualified personnel to manage the estate. - Availability of both internal and external market. - Political stability.

4. The activities carried out at Kasaku tea estate. - Plucking - Fertilizer application - Tipping - Transportation of green leaf to factory - Pruning - Tea processing - Manual weeding i.e. slashing - Chemical weeding i.e. spraying - Transportation of made tea for export and to the market.

5. The relationship between physical features and land use at Kasaku. - Land use; hand craft i.e. papyrus cutting and weaving and a forestation. - Valleys; Growing of food crops like, banana, yams and cocoa e.g. Lwere valley. - Gentle slops; growing of tea, road construction and settlement. - Hills (highlands); Settlement and road construction.

6. The Tea processing at Kasaku The green flesh leaf is taken to the factory and out on a trough. a. Withering; it takes 16 hrs and 30% of monsters is lost. b. Rolling; leaf is cut and crushed into powder form using rollers. c. Fermentation; it takes 80 minutes and the green color is turned to copperish. The temperature inlet is 30ºc and outlet is between 23-26ºc. d. Drying; it takes 15 minutes; the leaves are dried using heat generated from the boiler which uses fire wood. e. Sorting and grading; - 1st grade is primary grade pg PD and PF1 - 2nd grade e.g. BMF and funning. f. Packing and marketing - Made tea is packed in paper and polythen bags in quantities of 40-80 kgs. - Made tea is sold directly to the local sales i.e. in Uganda 13%, exported to the middles east e.g. Saudi Arabia and Syria, sold through auction i.e. 82% at Mombasa sea port. 7. The problems and solutions to the problems faced by Kasaku tea estate. - Soil exhaustion by application of artificial fertilizers e.g. NPK and Urea. - Weeds by manual weeding and chemical wedding e.g. round up and 24 D. - Soil erosion by afforestation on the Hills and digging trenches. - Injuries and accidents by taking causalities to Kasaku health centre and major injuries, a worker is compensated using insurance and protective gear given to workers like gum boots and helmets. - Pests and diseases e.g. termites, caterpillars, root mill bug and fungal diseases by spraying pesticides and fungicides. - Lack of enough accommodation by paying housing allowances to workers and construction of better houses. - Bad weather conditions e.g. hail stones, prolonged droughts, and heavy rainfall by irrigation and providing shade to young tea during drought. - Load shading by use of a powerful stand by generator. - Demand for high pay by workers by joining trade unions to negotiate on worker’s behalf e.g. UPAWU. - High fuel and power cost has no solution. 8. The future prospects of Kasaku tea estate management. - Expansion of tea growing at Salaama. - Expansion of a forestation at Kyabana. - Expansion of tea factory going on. - Expansion of Kasaku primary schools by construction more classrooms. - Improving on the living conditions of workers by constructing better houses.

TOPIC: THE FACTORS FOR THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF MASESE FISH LANDING SITE. Interviewing method As narrated by John Bosco Akera the fisheries officer.

Objectives 1. To find out the location of Masese fish landing site. 2. To find out the historical background of Masese fish landing site. 3. To find out the factors for the growth of Masese fish landing site. 4. To find out the fishing methods used at Masese fish landing site. 5. To find out the types of fish caught at Masese fish landing site. 6. To find out the physical features around Masese fish landing site. 7. To examine the relationship between physical and human factors at Masese fish landing site. 8. To find out the problems faced by Masese fish landing site. 9. To find out the future prospects of Masese fish landing site.

1. The location of Masese fish landing site. It is located in Jinja District 3km from Jinja town. It is found southeast of Warukuba/Masese division. It is found along the northern shores of Lake Victoria in the Napoleon Gulf at Masese I village.

2. The historical background of Masese fish landing site It was started in 1950s by local fishermen led by Haruna Kajiko It is owned by government and managed by the local government workers (fisheries officials and local leaders).

3. Factors for the growth of Masese fish landing site. - Presence of natural water (Lake Victoria) with several types of fish. - Favorable relief i.e. gentle slope and shallow waters without rocks - Presence of islands e.g. Kisima I, Kisima II and Rwabitoke which act as fishing grounds. - The sheltered head land (Nanso) which acts as a wind breaker. - Availability of land i.e. 200m (length) and 150m (width) by the government. - Cheap transport and communication i.e. road and water - Ready market for fish due to the dense population. - Accessibility to market e.g. fish factories like; Masese Fish Packers - Availability of cheap labor i.e semi skilled and unskilled from Masese I village

4. The methods of fishing used at Masese fish landing site. - Gill nets (common) - Long line - Cast nets - Hand line/hooking (cheapest) - Basket i.e. used in swamps like; Kirinya 5. Types of fish - Tilapia (commonest) - Nile perch (processed for export) - Sliver fish - Mud fish - Lung fish 6. Methods of fish preservation used. - Sun drying (cheapest and longest) - Icing (best) - Smoking (common) - Deep freezing - Deep frying - Salting 7. Fish market - Local market e.g. fish factories like; Masese Fish Packers, Marine and Agro-factory, Gomba Fish Factory and Unifoods. - Gulu, Arua, Tororo, Busia and Malaba - Foreign countries especially processed fish products and to Kenya, DRC and Sudan.

9. Physical features around Masese Fish landing site. - Natural water i.e Lake Victoria. - Napoleon Gulf - Islands like; Kisima I, Kisima II and Rwabitoke - Hills like Kirinya and Kilembe - Swamps eg. Kirinya - Head lands e.g. Nanso 8. Relationship between physical and human factors/economic activities. - Natural water i.e. Lake Victoria a source of fish and for transport. - Islands like; Kisima I and II and Rwabitoke as fishing ground and settlement. - Swamps like; Kirinya as source of raw materials for fishing e.g. floaters - Hills like; Kirinya and Kilembe for industrial establishments - Rocky areas for quarrying e.g. Masese stone quarry - Flat unfertile land for human settlement e.g. Masese I slim. - Fertile land at the shores for agriculture e.g. vegetables and maize growing. 9. Activities carried out around Masese fish landing site. - Fishing as a major activity - Trade - Agriculture - Boat construction - Industrialization e.g. fish processing - Animal rearing e.g. goats and cows - Transport e.g. road and water - Net repairing

10. Future prospects of Masese fish landing site by the management - Fencing the landing site to prevent thieves. - Improving the sanitation by constructing public toilets and employing more workers. - Improving infrastructures. - Constructing a shade for students. - Establishing an ice plant.

TOPIC: THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN AND AROUND ENTEBBE IN WAKISO DISTRICT.

Interviewing method As narrated by Mangeni Wanyama Principle Metrological officer.

Objectives 1) To find out the location and historical background of the metrological centre. 2) To find out factors for it’s location. 3) To identify the weather measuring instruments at the metrological centre. 4) To find out how the measuring instruments are read. 5) To identify the functions of a weather station. 6) To find out the relationship between the weather station and the economic activities. 7) To identify the problems faced by the metrological center. 8) To find out the solutions to those problems. 9) To find out the future prospects of the metrological center.

1. Location of Entebbe Nation Metrological Centre (NMC) The National Metrological Centre is found in Entebbe peninsular along the shores of Lake Victoria. It is located in Wakiso district, Entebbe Municipality Division B, 40km South of Kampala. Geographically, it can be located using co-ordinates of; 0º 3 minutes north, 32º 27 minutes east, 4000ft above ML. Entebbe is in the northern hemisphere because it is 0º3 minutes north.

2. The historical background of NMC. Around 1906, NMC was established at Buko under the colonial government by IBECO. Later under EACSO till 1965. From 1966-77, it was under EAC. From 1977 to date, it has been under the Uganda government under the ministry of Water and Environment. The Cabinet Minister for the ministry of Water and Environment is Hon. Maria Mutagamba and the State minister is Hon. Jennifer.

3. The factors that influence the location of NMC. - The availability of land in Entebbe. - The availability of capital from the colonial government. - The availability of skilled man power from Europe. - The availability of security. - The availability of transport routes ie; water, air and roads. 4. The weather instruments and their functions at NMC I. THE STEVENSON SCREEN It provides shade for delicate weather instruments. It is painted white to heat and made of wood because wood is a bad conductor of heat. It has rovers for proper air circulation.

The instruments kept in the Stevenson screen include;

a. Hydrometer for measuring humidity of the atmosphere in percentage. b. Barometer for measuring air pressure in mill bars. c. Measuring cylinder for rainfall.

I. The wind vane It shows the direction from which the wind is coming from/blowing from.

I. The Ana meter. It is used to measure the speed of wind ie; km/hr

II. The sunshine recorder for measuring how bright the sunshine was through out the day. III. The rain gauge It measures rainfall in mm and Ins. The funnel is raised above the ground to avoid splashing and running water from entering the cylinder. The measurement of rainfall is depth of rain water which goes in the ground. IV. The wind sock measures the strength of wind and also shows the direction to which the wind is blowing. V. Ceilometers measure the bases of the clouds. VI. Radiometer measures radiations in watts per sq meters.

2. Activities carried out at NMC - Observation by a normal human eye and machines like weather radar and a Radioson, Satellites, DSTV. - Plotting ie weather graphs, weather charts, weather maps. - Communication ie with air crafts. - Weather forecasting as 75%-95% correct for proper planning.

3. The importance of NMC - It guides the farmers practicing agriculture know when to start planting and harvest their crops through forecasting. - Through forecasting the seasons of weather, NMC helps construction companies know when to start constructing roads and building. - NMC informs the people using water and air transport know the weather conditions before they travel. - NMC advises the tourism industry for instance; advising those dealing in hotels to know where there is a high sunshine intensity for sun bathing. - NMC also helps in the legal profession ie giving evidence in courts of law about cases related with weather conditions. - NMC helps the government to get ready to fight natural disasters like floods resulting from El nimo rains. - NMC has helped in energy enhancing i.e. water energy, wind energy and solar energy. It advises UMEME on the levels of water in the lakes, investors where to setup wind mills i.e. where wind is strong and where the radiations from the sun are high. - NMC helps in research and training e.g. the training of metrological officials i.e. students under take a bachelors of metrology at Makerere University are given tests by NMC. - NMC is used by the insurance companies i.e. before compensation, for accidents caused by weather, insurance companies first consult NMC. - NMC is used by sports organizers to predict the weather in order to prepare for their sports games.

4. Problems faced by the NMC. - Inadquate funding. - Inadequate skilled manpower - Old machines. - Ignorance of the people about the NMC - There are a few weather stations across the country. - Corruption and embezzlement of funds.

5. The future prospects of NMC. - The manual weather stations are to be replaced by automatic weather stations. - Metrological services are to be liberalized in July. - Makerere University is starting the department of metrology in 2011.

TOPIC: THE INFLUENCE OF KASENYI FISH LANDING SITE ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AROUND NKUMBA. Interviewing method. As narrated by Matovu Francis

Objectives 1. To find out the location and historical background of Kasenyi landing site. 2. To find out the factors for the location and growth of Kasenyi landing site. 3. To find out the economic activities carried out around Kasenyi landing site. 4. To find out the types of fish caught and methods of fishing at Kasenyi fish landing site. 5. To find out the influence of Kasenyi fish landing site to the surrounding. 6. To find out the problems and suggest solutions. 7. To find out the relationship between relief and land use at Kasenyi fish landing site. 8. To find out the future prospects of Kasenyi fish landing site.

The location of Kasenyi fish landing site. Kasenyi is found southeast of Abaita Ababiri a nearest trading centre. It is in Bendegere L.C.I, Nkumba parish, Katabi Sub County, Busiiro county of Wakiso district. It’s in one of the bays on the northern shores of Lake Victoria about 5.5km off Kampala-Entbbe main road.

The historical background of Kasenyi fish landing site. The name Kasenyi was a result of the eroded fine sand along the shore line. It has been in use since the early 1960s. it offered a good hide out for; fishermen, law breakers and tax defaulters. By 1980, the landing site had begun to register increasing influx of people from Kigongo and other areas with strict laws. This was mainly due to insecurities caused by Obote II soldiers e.g. the hush road block at Kigungu along the way to Katabi landing site. Therefore, Kasenyi turned out an alternative hence expansion. It was spear headed by founders like; the late Kafuma, the late Kayizi and Mr. Maluma. It was later sold to Four Ways Group of Companies by the late Ffulu (the land lord at that time) considering its prospects to develop the site.

Factors for the location and growth. 1. Shallow continental shelf that allows the landing of fishing boats, loading and off loading of goods. 2. Presence of good fishing ground rich in planktons and fish species. 3. It’s proximity to the city (approximately 33.5km to the city). 4. Its good location in relation to different islands which are good sources of fish and timber like; Koomi, Kimmi. 5. It’s sheltered from strong winds by two headlands which ensure that boats land safely. 6. Presence of an access road i.e. Nnabagereka road. 7. Wide sandy beach of over 300m hence many boats to load and off load at the same time.

Economic activities at Kasenyi fish landing site. I. Fish trade e.g. Nile perch and tilapia II. Boat building III. Engine repairing IV. Sell of food stuffs at Kasenyi market north of the landing site. V. Mining of sand and quarrying on the out skirts of the landing site. VI. Tourism by students. VII. Transportation on water and by road e.g. Nnabagereka road.

Types of fish landed at Kasenyi - Nile perch - Lung fish - Barbus - Tilapia - Mormyrus - Clarias - Bagras - Sliver fish - Synodontis NB: The Mormyrus and Barbus are facing extinction because of the predatory nature of the Nile perch and the fishing malpractices which are non selective.

The methods of fishing used at Kasenyi a. Gill netting b. Long lining (for Nile perch) c. Angling/hand line d. Light fishing (sliver fish at night) e. Tycooning and beach seining (illegal methods).

Kasenyi fish marketing centres. 1. Local market Kampala, Entebbe, Mpigi, Kasese, Kiboga, and Mubende 2. Regional market DRC, Rwanda, Burundi and South Sudan 3. Over seas market European Union countries like; Spain, Italy, England, Netherlands and some countries of the Middle East.

The influence of Kasenyi landing site to the surrounding. 1) Infrastructural development for example; piped water and roads like Nnabagereka road. 2) Revenue through taxing the fisher men. 3) Provision of employment opportunities for example the fisheries officers. 4) Provision of food enriched with proteins and omega three fatty acids to the population. 5) Provides a variety of raw materials like; sliver fish needed for animal and poultry feeds. 6) Gate way to several islands i.e. Koome and Ssese islands 7) Convenient for research and other field work studies. 8) Diversification of the economy from over dependence on agriculture. 9) Development of nearby trading centers like; Abaita Ababiri.

Negative influence 1) Environmental degradation through deforestation as fish smokers and boat builders search for wood and timber respectively from Bendegere forest. 2) Water pollution due to improper disposal of wastes into the lake. 3) Fuel smoke from boat engines affects the air and aquatic life. 4) High level of immorality like prostitution.

Problems faced at Kasenyi landing site. I. Reduced stocks of fish mainly Nile perch as a major fish commercial type. II. Theft of fishing equipments amongst fishermen. III. Fluctuation of fish prices on the market. IV. Bad weather characterized by strong winds and hence stormy waves that cause accidents on the lake. V. Lack of an ice plant to manufacture ice leading to post harvest losses. VI. Poor saving culture among the fishermen due to lack of credible saving schemes. VII. Limited capital leading to poor fishing methods. VIII. Hostile aquatic animals like; hippos. IX. Piracy on the lake. X. Water borne diseases like; bilharzia and typhoid. XI. Unmarked navigation dangers e.g. submerged rocks.

Solutions to the problems faced at Kasenyi landing site. - Making regular patrols on the lake by fisheries department and other concerned parties to get rid of bad fishing gears e.g. BMUs (Beach Management Units) - Economic diversification to reduce pressure on the lake. - Sensitizing the fishing community on the importance of saving and investment. - Government should subsidize taxes on imported equipment and offer loans to middle fishermen. - Provision of security like marine police for patrolling the lake. - Erecting an ice plant at the site to solve the problem of ice shortage. - Studying weather conditions before sailing to reduce accidents on the lake. - Cases of hostile animals should be reported to wildlife authorities immediately. - Using of life jackets to save lives in case of accidents. - Health personnel should maximize their out reach programs to address bilharzia, HIV/AIDS and sanitation issues. - Navigational dangers should be marked e.g. the submerged rocks. The relationship between physical features and land use at Kasenyi landing site. 1) The area is located on a bay sheltered from strong winds and therefore allows the landing of boats. 2) The generally flat are allows all means of transporting fish to market centers e.g. motorcycles, vehicles, bicycles e.t.c. 3) The shore line is often affected by sand deposition due to high tide which discourages settlement and other human activities. 4) The shallow continental shelf makes it easy to off load fish and other goods off the boats. 5) The relatively flat nature of the area has enabled the establishment of a car park and a number of kiosks.

The future prospects of Kasenyi fish landing site. a. To construct a pier. b. To elongate the jetties. c. To construct an ice plant. d. To upgrade Nnabagereka road. e. To finalize the rebuilding of the landing site.