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The 1959 Madison Canyon landslide occurred on the evening of August 17, triggered by the 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake. It blocked the Madison River, forming Quake Lake. 26 people who were camping in the area were killed.

Earthquake

The earthquake struck at 11:37 Mountain Time (06:37 UTC on August 18). It had a magnitude of 7.3-7.5 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of X on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused numerous landslides in the epicentral area, of which the Madison Canyon landslide was the most destructive. A total of 29 people were killed, 26 being caused by the Madison Canyon slide and three others by rockfalls in other areas.

Landslide

Quake Lake

References

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]

The Noto Peninsula lies on the southeastern margin of the Sea of Japan that was formed by back-arc rifting related to subduction of the Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. This process began during the Early Miocene, ending in the Middle Miocene. By the Pliocene the tectonic regime changed to compression, with reactivation of the rift faults in reverse sense, combined with inversion of the basins formed by these faults.^[1]

^ Van Horne, A.; Sato, H.; Ishiyama, T. (2017). "Evolution of the Sea of Japan back-arc and some unsolved issues". Tectonophysics. 710–711: 6–20. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.08.020.

[Van_Horne_etal_2017-1] Van Horne, A.; Sato, H.; Ishiyama, T. (2017). "Evolution of the Sea of Japan back-arc and some unsolved issues". Tectonophysics. 710–711: 6–20. doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2016.08.020.

[1]