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Canada
Vertical triband (red, white, red) with a red maple leaf in the centre
Motto: [A Mari Usque Ad Mare] Error: {{Lang}}: text has italic markup (help)  (Latin)
"From Sea to Sea"
Anthem: "O Canada"
Projection of North America with Canada in green
CapitalOttawa
45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667
Largest cityToronto
Official languagesEnglish and French
Recognised regional languagesChipewyan, Cree, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ[3]
Demonym(s)Canadian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy[4]
William V
Michaelle Jean
Brian Tobin
Beverley McLachlin
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Commons
Establishment 
July 1, 1867
December 11, 1931
April 17, 1982
Area
• Total
11,929,542 km2 (4,606,022 sq mi) (2nd)
• Water (%)
8.92 (891,163 km2/344,080 mi2)
Population
• Estimate
65,855,310 (May 1, 2016)
• Density
5.52/km2 (14.3/sq mi)
GDP (PPP)2014 estimate
• Total
$2.1133 trillion (1st)
• Per capita
$32,090 [5] (1st)
GDP (nominal)2014 estimate
• Total
$2.628 trillion (1st)
• Per capita
$39,906[5] (1st)
Gini (2014)39.9[6]
Error: Invalid Gini value
HDI (2014)Increase 0.908[7]
Error: Invalid HDI value (3rd)
CurrencyCanadian dollar ($) (CAD)
Time zoneUTC−3.5 to −8
• Summer (DST)
UTC−2.5 to −7
Date formatdd-mm-yyyy, mm-dd-yyyy, and yyyy-mm-dd (CE)
Drives onright
Calling code+1
ISO 3166 codeCA
Internet TLD.ca
  1. ^ Department of Canadian Heritage. "Royal anthem 'God Save The Queen'". Queen's Printer. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
  2. ^ Kallmann, Helmut. "National and royal anthems". In Marsh, James Harley (ed.). Encyclopedia of Music in Canada. Historica-Dominion. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
  3. ^ Official Languages Act (PDF). Government of the Northwest Territories. 2004. p. 4. Retrieved November 27, 2012.
  4. ^ Hail, M.; Lange, S. (February 25, 2010). "Federalism and Representation in the Theory of the Founding Fathers: A Comparative Study of US and Canadian Constitutional Thought". Publius: The Journal of Federalism. 40 (3): 366–388. doi:10.1093/publius/pjq001.
  5. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference imf2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "Distribution of family income – Gini index". World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved September 1, 2009.
  7. ^ "Human Development Report 2011" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved November 2, 2011.