User:Michael Goodyear/Smilax megacarpa
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| Michael Goodyear/Smilax megacarpa | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Smilacaceae |
| Genus: | Smilax |
| Species: | S. megacarpa
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| Binomial name | |
| Smilax megacarpa | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Smilax megacarpa is a species of flowering plant in the large genus Smilax of the family Smilacaceae (Catbriers), part of the monocot order Liliales.
Description
[edit]Climbing rhizomatous vines, reaching 2–10 m, with branching woody terete (circular cross section) stems bearing prickles. Leaves ovate to broadly elliptic in shape, 6–27 cm long by 2–15 cm wide, subleathery to papery and somewhat shiny on adaxial (facing stem) surface. The petioles are 1.5–5 cm and are narrowly winged with weakly developed sheaths over 1/3–1/2 of the length. Tendrils up to 25 cm long. The inflorescence has 2–3 umbels with 6–20 flowers of both sexes. The male flowers have 6–7 greenish-yellow tepals that are 0.6–1.5 mm in size. The fruit is a globose berry, 1.5–2 cm in diameter, that turns dark red to purple.[2][3]
Taxonomy
[edit]Smilax megacarpa was first described in 1878 by Alphonse Pyramus de Candolle and his son Casimir de Candolle[4] and consequently bears the botanical authority (A.DC.) of the former.[1]
Etymology
[edit]The species epithet megacarpa is derived from the Greek words mega (large) and carpos (fruit).[5][6]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]Assam to S. China and W. & Central Malesia, including Cambodia, India, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam. In China it is found in Guangxi, Hainan and South Yunnan. In Malaysia it is found in the Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve, in Kuala Lumpur[7] and in Thailand, in Chiang Mai. Its habitat is in forests and thickets on shaded slopes, from about sea level to 1500 m.[8][3]
Ecology
[edit]Smilax megacarpa attaches itself to other plants by means of its tendrils. Flowering is from October to December, and the fruit appears from May to June.[9][3]
Uses
[edit]The rhizomes are used as food in Malaysia and is used in traditional medicine in Laos.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Tropicos 2020.
- ^ a b Teo 2016.
- ^ a b c Fu et al 2004.
- ^ Candolle & Candolle 1878.
- ^ NARGS 2020.
- ^ Quattrocchi 2000, p. 1642.
- ^ Salleh et al 2017.
- ^ POWO 2020.
- ^ Fern 2019.
Bibliography
[edit]- Books and articles
- Candolle, Alphonse de; Candolle, Casimir de (1878). "Smilax megacarpa". Monographiæ phanerogamarum Prodromi nunc continuatio, nunc revisio. 9 vols (in Latin). Vol. 1. Paris: vol.1-8, G. Masson; vol.9, Masson & Cie. p. 186.
- Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC world dictionary of plant names: common names, scientific names, eponyms, synonyms, and etymology. 4 vols. Vol. 3. M-Q. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-2677-6.
- Salleh, Norzielawati; Azeman, Syazwani; Kiew, Ruth; Kamin, Imin; Cheng Kong, Richard (30 August 2017). "Plant Checklist of the Bukit Nanas Forest Reserve, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia". One Ecosystem. 2: e13708. doi:10.3897/oneeco.2.e13708.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
- Websites
- Teo, Stephen P. (11 May 2016). "Smilax megacarpa". Pl@ntUse. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
- Fern, Ken (13 June 2019). "Smilax megacarpa". Useful Tropical Plants. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- "Dictionary of Specific Epithets". North American Rock Garden Society. 2020. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- Databases
- "Smilax megacarpa". The Biodiversity of Singapore. Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, University of Singapore. Retrieved 20 February 2020. (images)
- "Smilax megacarpa A. DC". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. 2020. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
- POWO (2020). "Smilax megacarpa A.DC". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
- WFO (2019). "Smilax megacarpa A.DC". World Flora Online. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
- Fu, Kunjun; Ohba, Hideaki; Gilbert, Michael G. (2004). "Smilax megacarpa". p. 111. Retrieved 19 February 2020., in Flora of China online vol. 24 (images)
External links
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