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Nitrogen Is a colorless odorless gas, discovered by D. Rutherford (1749 – 1819) in 1772. It makes up 78% of the earth’s atmosphere by volume. The element exists as diatomic molecules (N2) bonded very strongly together. This bond must be broken before nitrogen can react, which accounts for its chemical inertness. It forms a range of chemical compounds including ammonia (NH3), the oxides, and nitric acid, and many nitrates. Liquid nitrogen has a wide range of cryogenic applications. Ammonia and nitrates are of great importance as fertilizers. Nitrates are also used in explosives as a source of oxygen, which they liberate when heated. Sodium and potassium nitrates occur naturally in some desert areas. Nitrogen gas is used to provide an inert gas blanket in some welding applications.
References
[edit]Webster's Family Encyclopedia
External links
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Table of elements