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The following table lists records of extreme temperature in territories of Asia.


Country Lowest Temperature Highest Temperature
T°C Place Date T°C Place Date
Asia -67.7 Oymyakon  Russia 6 February 1933 54.0 Mitribah  Kuwait 21 July 2016
 Afghanistan -52.2 Shahrak Ghowr province [1] 1 January 1969 49.8 Farah [2] 30 July 1983
 Armenia -46.3 Paghakn (Shurabad) Shirak province [3] January 2007 43.7 Meghri Syunik province [4] 31 July 2011
 Azerbaijan -33 Culfa (Julfa) and Ordubad [5][6] 47.4 Göytäpä [7] 30 July 2000
 Bahrain 2.8 Bahrain International Airport (Al-Muharraq) [8] 20 January 1964 47.5 Bahrain International Airport (Al-Muharraq)[9] 15 July 2000
 Bangladesh 1.1 Dinajpur [10] 3 February 1905 45.1 Rajshahi Rajshahi division 18 May 1972
 Bhutan -14.5 Chamkhar [11] 40.0 Phuentsholing [12] 27 August 1997
Namjeyling January 2011
 British Indian Ocean Territory (UK) 18.3 Diego Garcia 22 December 1974 37.2 Diego Garcia [13] 9 February 1998
 Brunei 18.4 Bandar Seri Begawan [14] January 1985 38.3 Bandar Seri Begawan [14] March 1983 and April 1998
 Cambodia 7.1 Popok Vil [15] February 1918 42.8 Preah Vihear and Svay Leu [16] 27 April 2024
 China -53.0 Jintao (Amur Town,Mohe City) Heilongjiang province [17] 22 January 2023 52.2 Sanbao Xinjiang (Sinkiang) Autonomous Region [18] 16 July 2023
 Christmas Island (Aus.) 16.2 Christmas Island Aero [19] 11 July 1978 31.6 Christmas Island Aero [20] 19 January 2019
 Cocos Islands (Aus.) 18.3 Cocos Island Airport [21] 15 August 1955 and 6 August 1979 32.8 Cocos Island Airport [22] 11 April 1998, 7 April 2015,23 February 2017 ,28 and 29 February 2024 and 7 April 2024
 Cyprus -12.8 Trikoukkia [23] January 1964 46.8 Turkeli [24] 14 June 2024
Trodos Mts. Station 8 February 2023
 Georgia -42.0 Mount Kazbegi Nival Station [25] 14 January 1950 45.5 Martvili [26] 30 July 2000
Australia Heard and McDonald Islands (Aus.) -11.5 Split Bay, Heard Island [27] 23 August 2014 26.1 Spit Bay, Heard Island [28] 1 March 2013
 Hong Kong (China) -6.0 Tai Mo Shan [29] 24 January 2016 39.0 Wetland Park [30] 22 August 2017
Sheng Shui 24 July 2022
 India -32.8 Kargil Jammu and Kashmir state [31][32] January 1919 51.0 Phalodi Rajasthan state [33] 19 May 2016
 Indonesia -5.6 Kertasarie Estate Java [34] 29 July 1915 and 1922 40.0 Jatiwangi Java [35] 12 October 2002
 Iran -36.4 Kheyrabad Zanjan province [36] 29 January 1997 53.7 Ahvaz [37][38] 29 June 2017
 Iraq -17.6 Al-Mawşil (Mosul) Ninawa province [39][40] 24 January 1911 53.9 Basra Airport 22 July 2016
 Israel -14.2 Merom Golan Golan Heights [41] 10 January 2015 51.2 Qalya [42] 22 June 1942
 Japan -41.0 Asahikawa Hokkaidō prefecture [43] 25 January 1902 41.1 Kumagaya [44] 23 July 2018
Hamamatsu 16 August 2020
 Jordan -14.0 Ash-Shawbak [45] 7 January 1992 51.1 Deir Alla [46] 20 August 2010
 Kazakhstan -57 Atbasar [47] 5 January 1893 50.0 Tasty [47][48] 30 July 1983
 North Korea -45.1 Sinmusong [49] 2 January 1977 40.5 Hoeryong [50][51] 30 July 1977
 South Korea -32.6 Yangpyong [52] 5 January 1981 41.0 Hongcheon [50] 1 August 2018
 Kuwait -6.1 Al Omariya (Kuwait City Zoo) [53][54] 20 January 1964 54.0 Mitribah [55] 21 July 2016
 Kyrgyzstan -53.6 Ak-Say [56] 20 January 1954 43.6 Jangy-Jer [57] July 1944
 Laos -3.3 Plain of Jars Xiangkhoang_Plateau [58] 25 December 1999 43.7 Tha Ngon [59] 1 May 2024
 Lebanon -22.7 Al-Yammūnah [60] 20 January 1964 45.4 Houche Al Oumara [61] 27 July 2020
 Macau (China) -1.8 Fortaleza do Monte [62] 26 January 1948 39.0 Areia Preta [63] 19 July 2005
Ka Ho 22 August 2017
 Maldives 18.2 Hanimaadhoo [64][65] 23 December 2002 35.1 Hanimaadhoo [64][66] 24 March 2024 and 11 April 2024
 Malaysia 2.2 Tanah Rata Pahang state [67] 6 January 1937 40.1 Chuping Perlis state [68] 9 April 1998
 Mongolia -56 Uvs Lake [69] 31 December 1972 44.5 Hongor[70] 24 July 1999
 Myanmar -6.0 Hakha Chin state [71] 30 December 1990, 3 February 2008, 29 January 2022 and 17 January 2023 47.2 Myinmu Sagaing division [71] 14 May 2010
 Nepal -23.2 Tsho Rolpa Lake [72] 16 February 1995 46.4 Dhangadi [73] 16 June 1995
 Oman -3.6 Sayq (Saiq) [74] 26 January 1983 51.6 Joba 16 June 2021
 Pakistan -26.0 Astore [75] 25 and 26 December 1910 53.5 Mohenjo-daro Sindh province [76] 26 May 2010
Turbat [77] 28 May 2017
 Palestine -8.6 Al-Ḫalīl (Hebron) February 1898 50.5 Jerico [78] 22 June 1942
 Philippines 3.0 Baguio [43] [79] 8 January 1907 42.2 Tuguegarao [80] 29 April 1912 and 11 May 1969
 Qatar 1.5 Abu Samra [81] 5 February 2017 50.4 Ad-Dawah (Doha) International Airport [82] 14 July 2010
 Russia (Asia) -67.7 Oymyakon Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya) [83] 6 February 1933 42.7 Ust Kara (Sretensk District) Zabaykalsky_Krai [84] 27 June 2010
 Saudi Arabia -12.2 Turayf [85] February 1950 52.0 Jeddah Airport [86] 22 June 2010
 Singapore 18.9 Singapore Downtown 10 February 1895 and 28 February 1902 37.0 Tengah [87] 17 April 1983
Tengah [88] 19 January 1965
 Sri Lanka -2.7 Nuwara-Eliya [89] 8 February 1914 40.1 Vavuniya [90] 10 April 1983
 Syria -23 Idlib [91] 16 January 1950 49.4 Al-Hasakah [92] 30 July 2000
 Taiwan -18.4 Yushan North Peak [93] 31 January 1970 41.6 Fuyuan [93] [94] 21 August 2022
 Tajikistan -51.6 Shaymak [95] 3 January 1986 47 Aivadj Shartuz District [96] July 1944 and July 1983
 Thailand -1.5 Dan Sai [97] 5 January 1974 45.4 Tak [43] 15 April 2023
 Timor-Leste 1 Hatubuiliku (Hato Builico) [98] 38.5 Manatuto [99] 2019
 Turkey -45.6 Ağrı Ağrı province [100] 20 January 1972 49.1 Cizre Sirnak province 20 July 2021
 Turkmenistan -35.0 Cheshme [101] January 1969 50.1 Repetek Reserve [102] 28 July 1983
 United Arab Emirates -2.0 Raknah [103][104] 9 January 2021 51.8 Mezaira [105] 30 July 2017
Swiehan 6 June 2021
 Uzbekistan -39.8 Karakalpakiya [106] February 1969 49.7 Mashikuduk [107] 29 July 1983
 Vietnam -6.1 Sa Pa Lào Cai province [108] 4 January 1974 44.2 Tuong Duong [109] 7 May 2023
 Yemen -9 Kitab [110] 46.3 Say'ūn [111] 27 August 1987

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Abdus Salam, climatologue. Temperatures as low as -57C during the late XIX and the early centuries might have been affected by overexposure conditions.
  2. ^ Temperatures over 52°C reported from western Nīmrūz province are not believed to be reliable. A temperature record of 51.0C at Zaranj is also suspicious.49.9C recorded at Farah in August 2009 is not confirmed by the official international station data. 49.9C at Bust in July 1983 is not confirmed by the original observatons, therefore these two readings must be considered strongly suspicious.
  3. ^ http://blacksea-riverbasins.net/system/files_force/RBMP_Akhuryan%20RBD_ENG.pdf
  4. ^ Anahit Hovsepyan, Armenia Meteorological Service
  5. ^ Water Resources of the Azerbaijan Republic, Scientific Research Institute of Hydrometeorology, Azerbaijan. Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  6. ^ -45°C has been recorded at the Great Caucasus Station at high elevation in the Caucasus Mountains in the North of Azerbaijan.In the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh-claimed and occupied by Armenia- lowest recorded temperature in the capital Stepanakert is -19.0C.
  7. ^ Weather Archive for Azerbaijan, Russia’s Weather Server – Weather Archive. Retrieved 26 January 2007. Highest recorded temperature in Nakhicivan Autonomous Republic are 46.0C recorded at Ordubad and Julfa on the same day. In the Republic of Nagorno Karabakh-claimed and occupied by Armenia- highest recorded temperature in the capital Stepanakert is 40.0C.
  8. ^ Meteo Bahrain. A temperature of -5C was reported at Awali on the same day,although it is believed to be a mistake , while the correct record was probably -0.5C.
  9. ^ 48.7C was recorded at the Bahrain International Circuit on 2 August 2021, a new weather station with no climatological history, which would exceed the national record.
  10. ^ http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cd022_pdf/00518F6A.pdf
  11. ^ Note that Bhutanese data is scarce and encompass a short period.Unofficial temperatures of -21C have been reported in the northern mountainous area.
  12. ^ [1]. 40.0C was also recorded at Tangmachu on 20 July 2018.The reading is possibly correct, but some doubts persist.
  13. ^ Historical Weather: Diego Garcia, British Indian Ocean Territory, El Tiempo. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
  14. ^ a b The Climate of Brunei, National Environment Agency, Singapore. Retrieved 31 January 2007. Temperature as low as 9C has been recorded at high elevations.
  15. ^ Unconfirmed readings as low as 5.7C has been recorded in Sen Monorom.
  16. ^ Cambodiameteo
  17. ^ Mohe - der kälteste Ort in China, China Internet Information Center (CIIC). Retrieved 29 June 2007. An unofficial reading of -58.0C was recorded in Genhe on 30 December 2009. An unofficial reading of -57.8C reported at Koktokay in January 1967 is probably unreliable.
  18. ^ http://translate.google.com.au/translate?hl=en&sl=zh-CN&u=http://www.sinology.cn/news/2008/mfms/200811/mfms_24905.shtml&ei=ECPBS_-5GcyGkAW917HJBQ&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CEgQ7gEwCQ&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%25E5%2590%2590%25E9%25AD%25AF%25E7%2595%25AA%2B49.7%26hl%3Den. This record was taken in a uninhabited depression below the sea level and it is considered the semi-official highest temperature in China.
  19. ^ Averages for Christmas Island Aero, Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 25 January 2007. A reading of 14.1C on 18 June 1997 is a typo error, being the correct minimum that day 24.1C
  20. ^ http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_200304_All.shtml. Temperatures as high as 35.0C in 1914, recorded in the first decades of the XX century were overexposed. Rocky Point former station data is scarce and mostly unreliable, albeit a temperature of 33.2C recorded on February 1970 might be correct. Data from Christmas Island Aero between September and December 1981 look unreliable.
  21. ^ There is also a report of an unofficial old record of 17.8C,but this is not confirmed by the weather authorities.
  22. ^ Averages for Cocos Island Airport, Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 25 January 2007.
  23. ^ Climatological Data 1991-2000, Prodromos, Republic of Cyprus, Ministry of Agriculture, Natural Resources and Environment. Retrieved 20 April 2007. Sporadic readings as low as -16C have been taken on the top of Mt. Olympus (in January 1964). Lowest recorded temperature in the unrecognized Northern Republic of Cyprus is -5.4C at Alevkaya in February 1992.
  24. ^ This reading was recorded in the Turkish-controlled Cyprus.A temperature of 46.7C claimed at Nicosia in July 1888 was recorded under not proper exposure conditions.Highest reliable recorded temperature in the Greek-controlled Republic of Cyprus is 46.2C at Athalassa on 4 September 2020.
  25. ^ Климатические Параметры Холодного Периода Года, Метеоцентр. Retrieved 9 April 2007. Lowest temperature recorded in an inhabited location is -41C at Kartsakhi.Lowest recorded temperature in the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia is -27.0C at Pskhu,although at the high elevations temperatures of -35C have been reported. In the unrecognized Republic of South Ossetia lowest recorded temperature in the capital Tskhinvali is -28.0C.
  26. ^ A temperature of 45C claimed at Poti is unreliable. This temperature was recorded in a secundary station and might not be fully reliable.Highest temperature recorded in the main stationsis 43.1C at Kutaisi on the same day. Highest temperature recorded in the unrecognized Republic of Abkhazia is 43C at Lata. In the unrecognized Republic of South Ossetia highest recorded temperature in the capital Tskhinvali is 36.0C on 6 July 1986.
  27. ^ Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions (ANARE) Report from 1953. Note: Heard and Mc Donald Islands lie on the Antarctic plate and are geologically part of Antarctica.
  28. ^ A Description of the Heard Island and McDonald Islands Marine Reserve, Antarctic Division, Australian Government. Retrieved 1 March 2007. This reading is little bit contested. 21.6C was recorded on 11 April 1992.
  29. ^ http://www.hko.gov.hk/cis/awsDailyExtract_e.htm?stn=TMS&y=2016&m=1
  30. ^ http://www.hko.gov.hk/cgi-bin/hko/yes.pl?year=2015&month=08&day=08&language=english&B1=Confirm.
  31. ^ The India Weather Review for the Year 1899, Government of India Meteorological Department, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 23 October 2007.
  32. ^ Much lower temperatures have been reported from Jammu and Kashmir state but some of them are believed to be unreliable or at most unofficial: -55°C from the Siachen Glacier in the Ladakh region,-48C in the Karakoram Pass, -42C in the military post of Daulat Beg Oldi, -38C at Depsang La, -62°C from Drās in 1997, -58C in January 1995, -53C in December 1994, but the -45C in December 1910 is the only possibly reliable reading of this station, and -35°C from Leh in 1991 (also unconfirmed and unreliable). Darbuk also recorded -34C but this station is new and its data unconfirmed by the Indian Meteorological Department.
  33. ^ http://ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=42237&ano=2016&mes=5&day=19&hora=18&min=0&ndays=30
  34. ^ This temperature was recorded in a natural sinkhole in a tea plantation.Temperatures of -8°C have been reported near the summit of Puncak Jaya, Papua province on the island of New Guinea. Unofficial temperatures between -5C and -6C has been reported in the past years in the Dieng area.Lowest temperature recorded in the autonomous region of Aceh is 8.9C at Takengon.
  35. ^ A record of 42.0C at Medan/Sampali on 16 October 1972 is incorrect.Other reading between 40C and 42C in Java, Timor, Flores and Borneo are unreliable like the following:39.8C at Wonomulyo,West Sulawesi on 11 June 1980 and at Massakar, South Sulawesi on 3 January 1990,40.6C at Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan on 16 August 1997 and 40.2C Kotabumi, Lampung in 2006. They all look unreliable.Highest temperature recorded in the autonomous region of Aceh is 38.0C at Banda Aceh on 23 July 2018
  36. ^ [2], Islamic Republic Of Iran Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 29 March 2007. This reading may be slightly controversial regarding its reliability. Temperatures of -36.0C were recorded at : Bijar on 21 January 1964 and at Saqqez on 12 February 1972:all the three readings are considered national records by different sources and institutions. Temperatures of -38.0C recorded at Bijar in 4 occasions are considered unreliable. -54C was recorded on the Mount Damavand Range and an unofficial -43C at Babarashani.
  37. ^ Climatological Normals, Hamidiyeh, Islamic Republic of Meteorological Organization. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
  38. ^ This reading is slightly suspicious. Numerous old temperature readings in Iran of up to 54°C at Ahwaz,Abadan,Agha Jari,Omidieh,Dezful and Gotvand are believed to be unreliable due to high overexposure conditions and/or poor instruments used.Unofficial temperature of 55C has been reported at Shahdad,Kherman province in July 2010 but this is also suspicious.
  39. ^ Climatological Means for Iraq, Government of Iraq Meteorological Department, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 29 March 2007.
  40. ^ The date of this reading is believed to be correct.
  41. ^ .Lowest temperature recorded in Israel outside the Golan Heights is -13.1C at Tel Tanim on 7 February 1950. An unofficial temperature of -14.3C was also recorded on the top of Mount Avital of 28 February 1992.
  42. ^ This place is in the Jordan Valley and although it is part as the two states-solution for the future Palestine country, it is currently controlled by Israel and inhabited by Israelis in a kibbutz. 51.4C was also recorded in the nearby kibbutz of Almog on 7 August 2010,but this temperature needs to be regarded as unofficial, since it was recorded with a private equipment, although has been confirmed by the Israeli Meteorological Service. The temperatures recorded at Tirat Ẕevi are to be regarded as unreliable due to serious problems in the thermograph,like the spreading of the ink under the strain of extreme conditions. Tirats Tsvi data had also been abnormally higher than any other nearby station for many years, overestimating the air temperature of at least 5C, compared to nearby station Deghanya which recorded 49.0C on the same day. For these reasons, data for this station is not reliable and cannot be taken into account.
  43. ^ a b c McWhirter, Norris (1976). The Guinness Book of Answers. Guinness Superlatives. ISBN 0900424702 Unofficial temperature of -41.5C has been recorded at Bifuka on 27 January 1931.
  44. ^ Unofficial temperatures as high as 42.7C has been recorded in Tokyo area on 20 July 2004 under a strong push of downslope effect overheated air.
  45. ^ A temperature of -16.0C at the same location on 15 December 2013 is not very reliable. A temperature of -17C has been claimed in the mountainous areas of Hishash and Mabrak in January 2008, but these are unofficial readings.
  46. ^ http://www.jordanweather.jo/article_55.
  47. ^ a b Climate Explorer, The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). Retrieved 9 April 2007.A semi-official and partly dubious record of -62C was set in the small village of Orlovka in January 1969. Lowest temperature ever recorded in the European part of Kazakhstan was -44C at Yanvartsevo and Kamenka.
  48. ^ Highest temperature in European Kazakhstan was 45.4C at Novyy Ushtagan on 28 June 2021.
  49. ^ http://cybernk.net/infoText/InfoNatureCultureDetail.aspx?mc=BN0102&sc=A205&tid=BN010400001621&direct=1. Unofficial temperatures as low as -51C has been reported on the Baekdu Mountain.
  50. ^ a b 한반도 상식 Q&A (7) – 알송달송과학나라, icross. Retrieved 13 April 2007.Unofficial temperatures between 42C and 46C reported in various locations are unreliable. An unofficial temperature of 41.9C reported at Geongyu also on 1 August 2018 is possibly reliable.
  51. ^ A temperature of 41C reported at Chosan in June 1961 is probably incorrect.
  52. ^ Der kälteste und der wärmste Ort in Korea, KBS World Radio. Retrieved 13 April 2007.An unofficial temperature of -33C has also been reported at Cheorwon (Cholwon).
  53. ^ Weather & Meteorological and Environment Conditions, Ministry of Planning. Retrieved 13 April 2007.
  54. ^ This reading might be considered semi-official. Lowest temperatures as low as -5C have been recorded in few locations in January 2008.
  55. ^ Temperatures as high as 54.4C at Mitribah in 2010 were recorded with faulty sensor and later cancelled by the local authorities. After a so-called "investigation" the WMO decided to correct this value to 53.9C +- 0.1C without taking in consideration any environmental aspect of the station, such like a tall wall surrounding it. The so-called investigation was therefore totally illogical, anti scientific and came out with a complete false value, since the margin of error is at least 1000% higher than what it was stated (the margin of error is part to the value according to science). That pseudo investigation results are to be considered null and void, since their lack of any scientific basis and logic.
  56. ^ http://respublica.kg/geography-of-kyrgyzstan/342-teplovojj-rezhim-i-atmosfernye-osadki-na.html. Lowest temperature recorded in a permanent(semi-permanent inhabited place is -49C at Suusanyr in January 1956.
  57. ^ [3]
  58. ^ http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:UpWzWrh5E9QJ:www.unescap.org/idd/events/2009_EGM-DRR/LaoPDR-Bouangeun-DMSystem-in-Lao-PDR.doc+Laos+maximum+temperature&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk.
  59. ^ The Luang Prabang readings of 44.8C recorded in April 1915 and April 1960 are strongly believed to be overestimated and have not been approached in other occasions,so that the 44.4C at Savannakeht on 7 April 1974.
  60. ^ Andre Eid,climatologist.Some sources give the lowest temperature at this place in January 1964 at -23.5C,being the lattest a rounded or corrected value,but this has not been fully accepted and there are doubts about the method used to round up this figure.
  61. ^ Other sources report an unreliable temperature of 46.7C recorded at Ḩawsh adh-Dhahab on 31 July 1957.
  62. ^ Macau Weather Guide. Retrieved 19 January 2007.
  63. ^ Macau Meteorological Service.
  64. ^ a b Climate of Maldives, Department of Meteorology, Maldives. Retrieved 19 June 2007.
  65. ^ This temperature might have been rounded. A temperature of 17.2C claimed at Male on 11 April 1978 is believed to have been a synop error.Maldives reliable data encompassed a short period of time.
  66. ^ Temperatures above 35C between 1990 and 1991 at Kadhdhoo, including the official record of 36.8C on 19 May 1991 are believed to be suspicious. Another maximum of 35.2C recorded on 9 May 2012 is dubious.Maldives reliable data encompassed a short period of time.
  67. ^ Ooi, Jin Bee (1976). Peninsular Malaysia. Longman Publishing Group. ISBN 0582481856. There is no complete data on the following day 7th, but some newspapers reports mention a lowest temperature of 32.2F (0.1C) being recorded at this place. Judging from the original data, it was not possible to confirm that reading. 0.6°C has been reported at 3314m elevation from Panar Laban Hut on Mt Kinabalu and unofficial readings as low as -3C has been recorded near the peak.
  68. ^ General Climate Information, Malaysian Meteorological Department. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  69. ^ This is an unofficial reading,but it was confirmed by several checks. Other sources give -55.6C as national record on 27 December 1966.
  70. ^ Overview of Climate Change Issues in Mongolia, World Wildlife Fund. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  71. ^ a b High of 40C, low of 13C in Yangon for 2003, The Myanmar Times and Business Review. Retrieved 4 February 2007.This station encompassed a short period of data. It's believed it has approached the -10C in the past cold waves.
  72. ^ http://aan.suiri.tsukuba.ac.jp/datalist/nepal_syangboche/syangboche_98.html. This place is located 4km from the village of Naa and 10km from the village of Beding. -22.5C was recorded in the village of Lomangtang. Also, unofficial temperatures as low as -25C have been recorded at Machermo. Some temperature data in other Nepali stations were taken under not proper exposure conditions and they have been discharged.-26C claimed at the village of Marpha is a wrong data. Lower temperatures have been recorded at very high elevations,as low as -60C near the top of Mount Everest.
  73. ^ Absolute Extreme Temperatures in Various Stations, Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  74. ^ -9.7C was recorded on the top of the Jabal Ash Sham on 20 January 2015.
  75. ^ Unofficial lower temperatures are recorded at high elevations,like the -30.0C at Arboi on 31 December 2013.
  76. ^ Pakistan Meteorological Service.
  77. ^ The value was also reported rounded up to 54.0C.
  78. ^ A temperature of 51.2C was also recorded in the same day at Al Qalya, also in the Jordan Valley, but this place is currently administrated by the Israeli government and populated by Jewish settlers in the kibbutz of Almog. 51.0C was recorded in the Allen Bridge, just beyond the border in the Jordan territory.
  79. ^ http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924063152114/cu31924063152114_djvu.txt . This reading is often wrongly reported as being recorded on 7 January 1903. Temperatures as low as -8C has been recorded on the top of the Mount Pulag. In the Autonomous Republic of Mindanao the lowest recorded temperature is 10.0C at Malaybalay on 6 February 2010.
  80. ^ The Philippines’ Initial National Communication on Climate Change, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Retrieved 14 April 2007. The maximum temperatures recorded in the Philippines before 1920 might be affected by overexposure conditions, as being constantly too high in most stations.Therefore, the first of the two occurrence of this record might be questionable. In the Autonomous Republic of Mindanao the highest recorded temperature is 39.4C at General Santos on 16 April 2016.
  81. ^ Babikir, Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed (1986). Some aspects of climate and economic activities in the Arab Gulf states. Earth Env. Sc., Vol.13, No.3. Unofficial lower temperatures have been recorded in other parts of Qatar,like 0.5C on 21 January 1964 just inland from the coast.
  82. ^ Historical Weather: Doha International Airport, Qatar, El Tiempo. Retrieved 30 March 2007.Higher temperatures like 52.2C at Umm Said (Mesaieed) in July 2000 or 50.8C at Mekainis are suspicious and probably not very reliable.
  83. ^ On the Lowest Temperatures on Earth, Monthly Weather Review, January 1958, pp6-10, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 18 March 2006. The record of -71.2C at Oimiakon in 1926 was an extrapolation rather than a reading, that's why it is not universally accepted.The February 1892 original record of Verkhoyansk of -69.8C was later corrected to -67.6C, for an instrumental reading error of 2.0C and an instrumental error of 0.2C. Somehow, wrongly, this value has been reported, even officially, as -67.8C, but this is plainly incorrect, since the same correction has not been done in all years when there were these instruments problems. According to the best studies, the correct value should be -67.6C,thus inferior to the record of Oymyakon. Unofficial reports at Oymyakon as low as -82C in 1916,both before and after the start of the official readings, are not confirmed or official.Lowest temperature ever recorded in the Kuril Islands is -27.4C on 15 February 1967 and 15 February 2001.
  84. ^ http://rp5.ru Highest temperature ever recorded in the Kuril Islands is 31.9C on 24 July 2000.
  85. ^ Arabian Desert, Britannica Online. Retrieved 30 March 2007. Unofficial temperature of -13C has also been reported in remote areas of the northern desert.
  86. ^ Some old temperatures might be either or unreliable or approximated like 53C at Shaybah,52.8C at Jubail and 52C at Khurais.
  87. ^ Chin Hong,Centre for Climate Research Singapore. Temperatures before 1900 were taken under terrible exposure conditions.
  88. ^ Date from this station is scattered and it could have recorded slightly lower temperatures in other occasions.
  89. ^ Health the hot side of cold weather, The Sunday Times Online. Retrieved 14 March 2007.
  90. ^ http://www.meteo.gov.lk/Up_Date/weather/Extreme%20Values.pdf. There are some reports about the same place having tied this record in October 2012, but the official data of the station doesn't show this to have occurred.
  91. ^ http://jordanweather.jo/forum/showthread.php?t=4468. The date is believed to be correct.
  92. ^ Weather Archive for Syria, Russia’s Weather Server – Weather Archive. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  93. ^ a b Taiwan Year Book 2006 – Geography, Government Information Office. Retrieved 4 April 2007. Lowest temperature at low elevation was -1.0C recorded at Taizhong in February 1901. Lowest temperature in an inhabited village was -11.5C at Alishan on 27 January 1963.
  94. ^ Amongst the manned stations, the national record is 40.2C at Taitung on 9 May 2004 and at Dawu on 25 July 2020.
  95. ^ -63°C has been reported at Lake Bulunqul (Lake Bulunkul’). If this reading is correct, it would make it one of the coldest places in the Northern Hemisphere.
  96. ^ Tajikistan Meteorological Service. A temperature of 48C at Panj (Pyandh) in 1966 is probably an error. Temperatures of 47C have been also been reported at Isanbay and Kolkhozabad,but these are probably unreliable.
  97. ^ -9°C has been recorded on the Doi Luang Chiang Dao Peak
  98. ^ Hato-Builico Temperature Data, Defence Meteorological Support Unit, Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 15 April 2007.
  99. ^ Anais Meteorológicos das Colónias Relativos a 1923, NOAA Central Library, Climate Data Imaging Project. Retrieved 28 February 2007. Numerous reports of temperatures between 40°C and 45°C reported from Vikeke, Likisá (Liquica) and Manatuto are unreliable. 39°C reported from Barique is possibly reliable. 41.1C is considered by some sources to be the national record, set on November 5th ,1923 at Liquica, but the instruments used at those times were affected by overexposure.
  100. ^ Olağandışı Hava Olayları, Eğitim Portalı. Retrieved 14 April 2007.A temperature of -46.4C claimed at Van Caldiran on 9 January 1990 is almost surely a wrong data.Unofficial temperatures as low as -50.4C between 1941 and 1942 at Ardahan are possibly unreliable.
  101. ^ [4], Туркменистан: золотой век. Retrieved 16 September 2006. An unofficial temperature of -36.0C was also recorded in the Dasoguz region.
  102. ^ Report on implementation of the UNCCD in Turkmenistan, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification. Retrieved 11 April 2007. Other sources give the record at 50.2C in the same location 1 day later, on July 29th, but that's believed to be a mistake. An unofficial temperature of 51.7C was also recorded at Kerki on the same day 28 July 1983, but it is probably overestimated and not officialy recognized.
  103. ^ http://www.das.ae/dashboard.aspx?sID=34
  104. ^ This is the lowest temperature recorded at low elevation. -5.7C was recorded in the Jabal Jais mountain station on 3 February 2017.
  105. ^ http://www.ncms.ae/arabic/climate.html. 52.1C recorded at Al Jazeera on 30 July 2002 is probably unreliable.A temperature of 52.2°C reported from al-Minhad Air Base in 2008 was recorded under not proper exposure conditions.
  106. ^ http://berator.uz/index.php?newsid=75.
  107. ^ http://berator.uz/index.php?newsid=75. Date is believed to be correct. Temperatures of 50°C and above recorded at Termez in 1912, 1914 and 1944 are unreliable.
  108. ^ http://www.imh.ac.vn/b_tintuc_sukien/bb_tt_khkt/mlfolder.2010-01-25.6091843748/mlfolder.2011-01-28.5026715834/mlnews.2011-01-28.5670939729. Unofficial temperatures as low as -11C were reported from mountanous places at Fan Si Pan in January 2016.
  109. ^ http://www.nchmf.gov.vn/Web/vi-VN/104/24/15274/Default.aspx. Old Vietnamese records as high as 44.6C taken during French colonization were taken under not proper exposure conditions and they should be discharged.
  110. ^ Temperatures are believed to have fallen as low as -12C in the Dhamar governorate in early January 1986.
  111. ^ This reading is possibly suspicious. Several readings of 45C have been recorded at the highest station of Seyoun.
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