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Geologic formation in Chubut Province, Argentina
The Koluel Kaike Formation is a geological formation in Chubut Province , Argentina which spans around 50 to 47.1 million years ago from the Early to Middle Eocene .It predominantly consists of pyroclastic deposits[ 1] , which were deposited in a semi-arid environment.[ 2] It is divided up into a number of members.[ 1] The diverse fauna of the Sarmiento Formation, including a variety of freshwater fish, crocodilians, turtles and snakes, also includes many mammals such as South American native ungulates (notoungulates , litopterns , astrapotheres ) as well as armadillos , and caviomorph rodents .[ 3]
The Sarmiento Formation overlies the Casamayor Formation and forms the most recent sequence of the stratigraphic section. The formation is named for the town of Sarmiento
Color key
Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text ; crossed out taxa are discredited.
Name
Species
Member/Locality
Material
Notes
Image
Name
Species
Member
Material
Notes
Image
Name
Species
Member
Material
Notes
Image
Anura indet.
Vergel Member
isolated cranial and postcranial elements
cf. Pipa
cf. P. sp.
Vergel Member
sacral vertebrae fused to a partial urostyle
Name
Species
Member
Material
Notes
Image
Eocaiman [ 4]
E. cavernensis
Gran Barranca Member
Sebecus [ 5]
S. icaeorhinus
Gran Barranca Member
Disarticulated skull, mandible, and some postcranial material.
A sebecid notosuchian .
Name
Species
Member/Locality
Material
Notes
Image
Name
Species
Member/Locality
Material
Notes
Image
^ a b H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Physical stratigraphy of the Sarmiento Formation (middle Eocene – lower Miocene) at Gran Barranca, central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6 . OCLC 499130096 . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
^ H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Loessic and fluvial sedimentation in Sarmiento Formation pyroclastics, middle Cenozoic of central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia . Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6 . OCLC 499130096 . {{cite book }}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link )
^ Dozo, María Teresa; Ciancio, Martín; Bouza, Pablo José; Martínez, Gastón (2014). "New association of Paleogene Mammals in Eastern of Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications" . Andean Geology . 41 (1). Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License
^ Simpson, George Gaylord (1933). "A new crocodilian from the Notostylops beds of Patagonia. American Museum novitates ; no.623" . American Museum Novitates .
^ Pol, Diego; Leardi, Juan M.; Lecuona, Agustina; Krause, Marcelo (2012-03-01). "Postcranial anatomy of Sebecus icaeorhinus (Crocodyliformes, Sebecidae) from the Eocene of Patagonia" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 32 (2): 328–354. doi :10.1080/02724634.2012.646833 . ISSN 0272-4634 .
^ Sterli, Juliana; de la Fuente, Marcelo S.; Krause, J. Marcelo (2015). "A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata): A new horned turtle from Patagonia" . Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society . 174 (3): 519–548. doi :10.1111/zoj.12252 .