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User:Magnatyrannus/Koluel Kaike Formation

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Koluel Kaike Formation
Stratigraphic range: Lutetian
(Casamayoran-Mustersan)
~50–47.1 Ma
UnderliesSarmiento Formation
 Gaiman Formation
Thickness319 metres
Lithology
PrimarySandstone, mudstone
OtherLimestone
Location
Country Argentina
ExtentGolfo San Jorge Basin
Type section
LocationSarmiento Department, Chubut
RegionChubut Province
CountryArgentina
Thickness at type section319 metres (1,047 ft) (tuffs)

The Koluel Kaike Formation is a geological formation in Chubut Province, Argentina which spans around 50 to 47.1 million years ago from the Early to Middle Eocene.It predominantly consists of pyroclastic deposits[1], which were deposited in a semi-arid environment.[2] It is divided up into a number of members.[1] The diverse fauna of the Sarmiento Formation, including a variety of freshwater fish, crocodilians, turtles and snakes, also includes many mammals such as South American native ungulates (notoungulates, litopterns, astrapotheres) as well as armadillos, and caviomorph rodents.[3]

Stratigraphy

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The Sarmiento Formation overlies the Casamayor Formation and forms the most recent sequence of the stratigraphic section. The formation is named for the town of Sarmiento

Paleoflora

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Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.
Name Species Member/Locality Material Notes Image

Paleofauna

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Crustaceans

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image
Trichodactylidae indet. Vergel Member

Echinoderms

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image
Agassizia A. excentrica Cocuiza Member
Arbacia A. punctulata Cocuiza Member
Encope E. cf. emarginata Cocuiza Member
Encope E. secoensis Cocuiza Member
Mellitella M. falconensis Cocuiza Member
Moira M. atropos Cocuiza Member

Fish

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image

Amphibians

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image
Anura indet. Vergel Member isolated cranial and postcranial elements
cf. Pipa cf. P. sp. Vergel Member sacral vertebrae fused to a partial urostyle

Reptiles

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Crocodylomorphs

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image
Eocaiman[4] E. cavernensis Gran Barranca Member
Sebecus[5] S. icaeorhinus Gran Barranca Member Disarticulated skull, mandible, and some postcranial material. A sebecid notosuchian.

Lepidosaurs

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Testudines

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Name Species Member Material Notes Image
Gaffneylania[6] G. auricularis A meiolaniid stem-turtle
Niolamia N. argentina Gran Barranca Member

Mammals

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Name Species Member/Locality Material Notes Image

Meridiungulates

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Name Species Member/Locality Material Notes Image

References

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  1. ^ a b H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Physical stratigraphy of the Sarmiento Formation (middle Eocene – lower Miocene) at Gran Barranca, central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ H.), Madden, R. H. (Richard (2010). "Loessic and fluvial sedimentation in Sarmiento Formation pyroclastics, middle Cenozoic of central Patagonia". The paleontology of Gran Barranca : evolution and environmental change through the middle Cenozoic of Patagonia. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-87241-6. OCLC 499130096.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Dozo, María Teresa; Ciancio, Martín; Bouza, Pablo José; Martínez, Gastón (2014). "New association of Paleogene Mammals in Eastern of Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina): biochronological and paleobiogeographical implications". Andean Geology. 41 (1). Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 International License
  4. ^ Simpson, George Gaylord (1933). "A new crocodilian from the Notostylops beds of Patagonia. American Museum novitates ; no.623". American Museum Novitates.
  5. ^ Pol, Diego; Leardi, Juan M.; Lecuona, Agustina; Krause, Marcelo (2012-03-01). "Postcranial anatomy of Sebecus icaeorhinus (Crocodyliformes, Sebecidae) from the Eocene of Patagonia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (2): 328–354. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.646833. ISSN 0272-4634.
  6. ^ Sterli, Juliana; de la Fuente, Marcelo S.; Krause, J. Marcelo (2015). "A new turtle from the Palaeogene of Patagonia (Argentina) sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of the bizarre clade of horned turtles (Meiolaniidae, Testudinata): A new horned turtle from Patagonia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (3): 519–548. doi:10.1111/zoj.12252.
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