User:Mafsdpyss/Glass Production in Licking County, Ohio/Bibliography

You will be compiling your bibliography and creating an outline of the changes you will make in this sandbox.

Bibliography

As you gather the sources for your Wikipedia contribution, think about the following:

Is the source from a reliable publication?
- Reliable publications include established newspapers, academic journals and books, textbooks, and other published sources with reputations for accuracy and fact-checking.
- Unreliable sources include blog posts and other self-published works, press releases, and social media posts.
Is the source verifiable?
- In order for a source to be considered verifiable, other editors should be able to consult the source.
Is the source independent of the subject?
- Is the source connected in any way to the subject? This is especially important when writing biographies or about organizations.
- For example, if you were writing a biography, sources like the person's webpage or personal blog would not be considered independent.
Is the source primary or secondary?
- Primary sources include first-hand accounts, autobiographies, and other original content.
- Wikipedia allows limited use of primary sources, but typically only for straightforward, descriptive statements of facts, and only if they are published and verifiable without requiring specialized knowledge.
- Secondary sources should be the main basis for a biography on Wikipedia.
If you're working on a topic related to medicine or psychology, ensure that your sources follow these special guidelines.
If you're creating a new article, consider the following:
- Ensure that your topic meets Wikipedia's notability guidelines.
- In order for a topic to meet the notability requirement, you must be able to identify 2-3 sources that are reliable, verifiable, and independent of the subject you're writing about.
- Finding sufficient sources to establish notability can be especially hard when writing about people or organizations.
- Sources that are not independent of the subject might be useful additions, but don't count towards the notability requirement.
- Wikipedia has developed special guidelines for writing about living persons. Please follow these carefully.
- Wikipedia has a series of guidelines for writing about different categories of people, such as academics and artists. If you're trying to create a new entry about a living person, please look at these carefully.

If you're not sure whether a source is reliable, ask a librarian! If you have questions about Wikipedia's sourcing rules, you can use the Get Help button below to contact your Wikipedia Expert.

Get Help

Bibliography

Bibliography

Miller:

Historic Glass Bottle Identification & Information Website · Welcome to the BLM/SHA Historic Glass Bottle Identification & Information Website

-This document discusses the early stages of patents made by the Newark Star Glass which would later be known under many different titles and a variation of owners. William Shields, Oren G.King, David E. Stevens, William E. Atkinson, and David C. Winegarner created the Shields, King & Co in 1871 while manufacturing in the Newark Star Glass Company factory 5 years later. The document discussed the different patents created and how they evolved and differed under ownerships.The document consists of charts and images showing what patented logos were used on what bottle or jar, along with pictures showing the structure of the glassware and the different features such as the top seal of the bottle.

Bownnocker J.A. Glass Sands of Ohio. Ohio State University

This document talks about the impacts of sands used for glassware making in the MidWest and talks on what the different kinds of rock face used to make glass. This document provides information via charts showing percentages for quality and chemical composition while mentioning the impacts sand production had on The E.H Everett Co.

Sydney:

“From Fruit Jars to Fiberglass.” Clio, theclio.com/entry/103322. Accessed 15 Oct. 2024.

As early as 1871, there were deposits of Silica apparent in Licking County. This ingredient is the main material used in glass production. By 1874 Shields, King and Company employed almost 100 workers. However a bankruptcy did occur in 1878 along with strikes that in the end shut down this facility. However in 1880 Edward Halmin Everett purchased the company and changed the name to E.H. Everett Company. He produced fruit jars, and bottles for beers, soda, and medicines. In the early 1900’s the company’s 865 workers produced 30 to 40 tons of glass bottles daily. In 1905 Everett founded the American Bottle Company. A response to pre-existing social issues destroyed the market for glass bottles. This article also has three videos on the history of glass, the importance of glass fibers, and the invention of glass and the glass industry. This source seems like a trustworthy source because it has a lot of different aspects to the source like maps, text, and videos which adds to the credibility of the source.

“Steven’s Patent Tin Top Jar.” FOHBC Virtual Museum of Historical Bottles and Glass, fohbcvirtualmuseum.org/galleries/jars/stevens-patent-tin-top-jar/. Accessed 15 Oct. 2024.

This article is from the Virtual Museum of Historical bottles and glass. It talks specifically about one jar which is the Stevens Tin Top. It talks about the blowing practices that were used in making this jar and what went in the jar. Shields King and Co also made the Stevens Patent Tin-Top Jars, and they were wax-sealing jars. This article also has an insert of a newspaper article that talks about Newark glass manufacturing and the specific of what goes into this factory. This source seems pretty notable and reliable because it has a lot of information and pictures and newspaper articles that can provide the reader with different perspectives.

Maddern, Emily. “Exhibit at the Works Shows off Licking County Glass.” The Advocate, Ohio, 23 Apr. 2015, www.newarkadvocate.com/story/news/local/2015/04/22/exhibit-works-shows-licking-county-glass/26213999/.

The Owens Corning, Heisey, Holophane and the former American Bottle Company were all big players in this industry. The Works Museum wanted to put these glass bottles on display because they felt like this was Newark's story and everyone should see it. In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s Newark had a big part in the industrial glass game and one of the earliest was Newark's Star Glass Works. The location has always been in Newark but a lot of the revenue came from shipping these products elsewhere. Heisey found great achievements in glass production in the forms like dinnerware and household objects. This article looks like it is pretty high quality because it is from a reliable source like the Works, which is a well known museum in Newark Ohio. I think that this source will provide a different perspective than the other sources that we have because some of the information is from a museum which is different from looking at just a website.

Adjoa:

“Glass Industry Mural.” PocketSights Tour Builder, pocketsights.com/tours/place/Glass-Industry-Mural-62239:6933. Accessed 15 Oct. 2024.

The Glass Industry Mural in Utica, Ohio, honors the village’s glass manufacturing heritage, which thrived from 1903 to 1929. Five factories operated in the area and was driven by local natural gas resources. The industry brought economic growth and challenges, such as labor shortages during World War I and in 1929, glass production had ceased in Utica.The website is generally reliable for historical information .

For Glass Industry Mural ,it is a decent source.

The source provides historical context about the glass manufacturing heritage of Utica, Ohio, which is commemorated by the Glass Industry . It establishes the notability of the mural by highlighting the significance of the local glass industry, as well as the economic impact it had on the village. Additionally, the source is described as generally reliable for historical information.

“Utica Glass Boom Town Was a Volatile Place.” Knox Pages - Knox County News & Info, 23 Nov. 2019,

Utica, Ohio’s rise as a glass-making hub in the early 1900s, driven by nearby natural gas discoveries. Factories like Licking Window Glass Co. were central to this growth, but the town experienced a unrest among workers that included violence and a notable murder-suicide. The glass industry eventually declined due to labor shortages, advancements in technology, and the Great Depression. The quality of the source appears strong for local historical context, since its published by a regional news outlet that mainly focuses on local stories. However, the article does not cite many external sources, which limits its reliability but it is useful for general insights .

It is valuable for establishing the relevance and significance of the glass industry and related historical events, even though it has some limitations .

References

Outline of proposed changes.

Miller’s source (Newark Star and Everett Factory) : In the first paragraph I will use the document about the Newark Star and Everett Factory in order to provide readers with a brief background on the company and its variety of patterns throughout the years and talk on the different ownerships. I will discuss how the Shields & King Co. was founded in 1871 and was later sold to Edward H Everett in 1880. This document holds valuable information regarding the amount of bottles that were made and how the moldings printed on the bottles showed relevance to the companies past and current owners. Discussing how Everett’s ownership brought in more money as he manufactured several different bottles and profited off selling to businesses such as the Gerke Brewing Co. in Cincinnati.The information provided from this document written by Bill Lockhart, Beau Schreiver, Bill Lindsey, and Carol Serr gives us a better understanding of how Edward H everett had a everlasting impact on the glass bottle making in Licking County and all the people who helped him do so.

History

Virtual museum source: This source provides background information on one specific glass bottle named the Stevens Tin Top. This source will allow the reader to understand more about this one bottle and give more examples for the reader to understand. This also adds to the wikipedia article because it gives examples of what was in these specific jars and other glass bottles. This article also talks about how these jars were the lowest price and how they are easier to open. I think this will be really helpful in writing this article because it gives the reader an example to look at and gives a little more background information on how important it is. I think this fills a gap that would otherwise be there if there was not a specific example of a glass bottle and what contents were in it and specific descriptions of the bottle.

Adjoa Source(manufacturing heritage):I’ll talk about how Utica was home to five different glass manufacturers on four sites in the village between 1903 and 1929.Utica Glass Company (1903-1928), Central Window Glass Company (1905-1912), Advance Glass Company (1906-1911), Licking Window Glass Company (1906-1927), and the Corl-Erie Sheet Glass Company (1927-1929) and how the glass manufacturers created both opportunities and challenges for Utica and how the glass industry overcome these challenges. This source will be valuable for offering a concise introduction to Utica’s historical significance in the glass industry. The information contributes to an understanding of the mural’s symbolism and provides context for the town’s development, filling a gap related to visual representations of local history.This source i believe is a little outdated and overly detailed sections of the article may be taken out for clarity, making the main topic is more focused ,readable and understandable.

Statistical sources used here: Throughout this source we will talk about some of the statistics of glass bottles. It will give some more information on how many tons of glass there was in Ohio back in the day. It will also talk about how much sandstone is in Ohio, however it can’t be used for glass production. Also some of the impurities can be reduced with washing. This paragraph will also talk about Sylvania sandstone because of its relation to glass making. During the 1914’s the Owens Bottle Machine Company purchased the Toledo Silica Sand Co., these places were used for making flint glass. This article also talks about how quarry was used for glass making. This article will also be helpful when looking at what are the ingredients in glass and how much are in each ingredient, and how they are each produced. This article also talks about where a lot the sandstone mines are where all the places are.

Glassmaking specifics (materials, etc) throughout the early 1900s

Adjoa (Licking Window Glass Co. Growth) : This souce will talk about The Glass Industry Mural in Utica, Ohio,how it’s driven by local natural gas resources. The industry brought economic growth and challenges, such as labor shortages during World War I and in 1929, glass production had ceased in Utica. This source will be used to deepen the discussion of Utica’s economic volatility during the glass boom. It provides historical context on labor unrest and industrial challenges, giving a more nuanced view of the town’s industrial era. I will add this source to fill gaps in the labor and remove irrelevant or redundant details, and change the structure of the sections for clearer understanding .

Glass Sands of Ohio: Through the second paragraph we will provide a richer background on not only how glass was typically made but how resources found right in Licking County helped glass bottle making companies in Ohio such as Everett’s company. The source I am using will provide readers with information from charts that help understand the value of glass sand throughout the early 1900s. This reading gives a breakdown of what glassmakers in Licking County had to expect both in cost and production of glass made objects. I will draw specific subjects from the readings, including charts of value and what specific substances were used in Edward H Everetts factory. This little snippet will help readers understand the demand that there was behind glass sands. This source connects to the sources below because it touches on the materials used to make bottles, such as the Stevens Tin Top and the Utica Glass company.

Modern day glass businesses in Licking County: This source will provide information about how glass making is used today in museums and how although it seems like an old concept it is still relevant today. This article will also add information about how connected the glass industry is in Ohio especially in Newark because “The Works Museum” wants to give credit where it is deserved. They want to connect the people who go into the museum with Newark's story. I feel like this could add a different perspective to this article because it makes this article a little more relevant and allows the reader to connect to this article because it won't be as outdated.