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User:Madalibi/Science, technology, and medicine of the Qing dynasty

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Jesuit science at the imperial court

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Mathematics, astronomy, and the calendar

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Cartography

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Agriculture

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Water conservancy

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Medicine

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Changing medical approaches

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Anatomy and dissections

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Western conceptions

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Western sciences in the late Qing

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Missionaries and translations

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Chemistry

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Physics

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Biology and evolution

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Military technology

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To 1850

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After 1850

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Stagnation, progress, or something else?

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Notes

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Bibliography

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