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User:Lquilter/drafts-userified/Zoe Țapu

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Zoe Țapu
Born(1934-04-29)29 April 1934
Ploiești, Romania
Died11 February 2013(2013-02-11) (aged 78)
Ploiești, Romania
NationalityRomanian
Alma materUniversity of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest
Known forSemi-dwarf winter durum wheat
Scientific career
FieldsAgronomy
InstitutionsNational Agricultural Research and Development Institute, Fundulea
Durum wheat (Triticum durum)

Zoe Țapu (April 29, 1934 – February 11, 2013) was a Romanian agronomist, senior researcher at the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute (INCDA) in Fundulea, creator of an original variety of durum wheat, high-yielding and resistant, adapted to the climate in Central and Eastern Europe and similar regions of the world. During the 1970s when Țapu was heading the team creating new strains at INCDA,[1] Romania was a major producer and exporter of durum wheat.[2]

Biography

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Țapu graduated from the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine in Bucharest, earning the doctoral degree in agronomic sciences in 1974. Since 1957 she worked at the newly-founded Institute for Maize Breeding, and then at the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute, from 1962 to 1990, when she retired.[3][4][5]

Scientific achievements

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Evidencing the possibility of obtaining high yielding varieties from parents with low productivity (through heterosis),[6] between 1967 and 1989, Zoe Țapu developed a research program for improving winter durum wheat, in order to obtain cultivars with fall resistance and high yield, using height-reduction genes from summer durum developed at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center in Mexico.[1][7] In order to achieve that, she used dwarf plants from CIMMYT, which survived to a mild winter, back-crossing them with Romanian durum wheat varieties.[8] Repeated selection for cold resistance of semi-dwarf variants led to the creation of the first semi-dwarf winter durum wheat varieties, Topaz (1977) and Rodur (1984).[9][10] This new type of wheat set the ground for further progress in durum wheat breeding in many countries.[1]

Patented wheat varieties

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  • Dacia (1971) T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, Clemența Miclea, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu
  • Excelsior (1971) T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, Clemența Miclea, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu
  • Iulia (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică
  • Ceres (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică
  • Ileana (1974) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică
  • Diana (1976) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu, T. Mureșan, A. Iazagi, Elena Oproiu, C. Milică
  • Doina (1977) N. Ceapoiu, N. Eustațiu, C. Țapu, Zoe Țapu, G. Ittu, M. Ionescu-Cojocaru, Floare Negulescu
  • Topaz (1977) Zoe Țapu
  • Rodur (1984) Zoe Țapu[1]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d Săulescu N. N., Ittu G., Ittu Mariana, Mustățea P. Cinci decenii de ameliorare a grâului la Fundulea, pp. 65-66
  2. ^ Silvano Serventi, Françoise Sabban (2002) Pasta, Columbia University Press, ISBN 9780231124423 p. 173 "Romania was a major producer of durum wheat that enjoyed some repute on the international market"
  3. ^ Cei care au făcut istoria Institutului
  4. ^ National Research Institute for Cereal and Technical Plant Breeding, "30 Years of Activity" p. 471
  5. ^ INCDA Fundulea - Câteva din rezultate: ameliorare și genetică
  6. ^ Ceapoiu, N. (1984) Grîul, Ed. Academiei, p. 241
  7. ^ Woolston J. E. Wheat, barley, and triticale cultivars: A list of publications in which national scientists have noted the cooperation or germplasm they received from CIMMYT, CIMMYT, 1997, p. 78
  8. ^ Crăciun, T., and Ionescu-Sisesti, V. "PERFORMANCE OF SOME NEW WINTER WHEAT LINES IN IRRIGATED AND NON—IRRIGATED COMPARATIVE TRIALS." Lucrări științifice: Agronomie 17 (1977): 14.
  9. ^ Săulescu N.N. (2003). The Romanian durum breeding program. In Durum Wheat Breeding: Current Approaches and Future Strategies (editors Conxita Royo and Natale Di Fonzo), The Haworth Press, Inc., New York: 907-920. ISBN 9781560229667
  10. ^ Verzea M. FIFTY YEARS OF BREEDING IN FIELD CROPS, AT THE NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE FUNDULEA, ROMANIA ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH Number 24/2007


Category:1934 births Category:2013 deaths Category:Romanian agronomists

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