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User:Lds/Sandbox/List of Chinese heads of government (pre 1912)

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The following are lists of Chinese heads of government before 1912.

Titles used by heads of government

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  • Shang and Zhou: zhongzai (冢宰), taizai (太宰), qingshi (卿士), zuoshi (左師), youshi (右師)
  • Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period: lieguo zhengqing (列國正卿), xiang (相), xiangguo (相國)
    • Song state: sicheng (司城)
    • Chu state: lingyin (令尹)
    • Jin state: zhongjunjiang (中軍將)
    • Lu state: situ (司徒)
    • Zheng state: dangguo (當國), weizheng (為政)
  • Qin and Western Han: chengxiang (丞相)
  • Western Han (after Emperor Zhao's time): ling shangshu shi (領尚書事)
  • Xin, Eastern Han and Cao Wei: da situ (大司徒), da sikong (大司空), da sima (大司馬), taishi (太師) taiwei (太尉), taishi (太師), taifu (太傅), taibao (太保), lu shangshu shi (錄尚書事), da jiangjun (大將軍), chengxiang (丞相), yushi dafu (御史大夫)
  • Shu Han: chengxiang (丞相), lu shangshu shi (錄尚書事), shangshu ling (尚書令)
  • Eastern Wu: chengxiang (丞相)
  • Western and Eastern Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties: lu shangshu shi (錄尚書事), shangshu ling (尚書令), shangshu puye (尚書僕射)
  • Sui and Tang (early): shangshu ling (尚書令), shangshu puye (尚書僕射), shizhong (侍中), zhongshu ling (中書令), canyu chaozheng (參豫朝政), tong zhongshu menxia sanpin (同中書門下三品), tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi (同中書門下平章事)
  • Tang (late), Song, and Yuan: tong zhongshu menxia pingzhang shi (同中書門下平章事)
  • Song, Yuan and Ming (early): shangshu (尚書), zhongshu zuoyou chengxiang (中書左右丞相)
  • Liao: nanbei yuan zaixiang (南北院宰相)
  • Ming (early): chengxiang (丞相)
  • Ming (after Yongle Emperor's time): neige da xueshi (內閣大學士), neige shoufu (內閣首輔), liubu shangshu (六部尚書)
  • Qing: neige da xueshi (內閣大學士), yizheng wang dachen (議政王大臣)
  • Qing (after Yongzheng Emperor's time): junji dachen (軍機大臣)
  • Qing (late): neige zongli dachen (內閣總理大臣)
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