User:Kweetal nl/IOC132/Phalacrocoracidae
Family Phalacrocoracidae - Cormorants, Shags [1]
Until recently, the genera of cormorants and the distinctions between "shags" and "cormorants" have remained mostly unresolved due to conflicts among
studies and missing taxa (Siegel-Causey 1988; Kennedy et al. 2000; Christidis & Boles 2008). We follow the comprehensive phylogenetic studies of
Kennedy & Spencer (2014) and Kennedy et al. (2019) in resequencing this family. Generic revisions were accepted for the North American species by
NACC (Chesser et al. 2021) but narrowly declined by SACC (Proposal 648).
Phalacrocoracidae genera: 7
Phalacrocoracidae species: 42
Phalacrocoracidae subspecies: 28
Phalacrocoracidae Breeding Range: MA, AF, SO, IO, PAL, NA, OR, AU, PO, SA [2]
Phalacrocoracidae
[edit]| Common name | Species + authority | Br. range |
au | yr | id |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pygmy cormorant | Microcarbo pygmaeus (Pallas, 1773) | PAL | Pall | 1773 | 1 |
| Reed cormorant | Microcarbo africanus (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | AF | Gmel | 1789 | 2 |
| Crowned cormorant | Microcarbo coronatus (Wahlberg, 1855) | AF | Wahl | 1855 | 3 |
| Little cormorant | Microcarbo niger (Vieillot, 1817) | OR | Viei | 1817 | 4 |
| Little pied cormorant | Microcarbo melanoleucos (Vieillot, 1817) | AU | Viei | 1817 | 5 |
| Red-legged cormorant | Poikilocarbo gaimardi (Garnot, 1828) | SA | Garn | 1828 | 6 |
| Brandt's cormorant | Urile penicillatus (Brandt, JF, 1837) | MA NA | Bran | 1837 | 7 |
| Red-faced cormorant | Urile urile (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | PO | Gmel | 1789 | 8 |
| Pelagic cormorant | Urile pelagicus (Pallas, 1811) | PO | Pall | 1811 | 9 |
| Spectacled cormorant | Urile perspicillatus (Pallas, 1811) | NA PAL | Pall | 1811 | 10 |
| Bank cormorant | Phalacrocorax neglectus (Wahlberg, 1855) | AF | Wahl | 1855 | 11 |
| Socotra cormorant | Phalacrocorax nigrogularis Ogilvie-Grant & Forbes, HO, 1899 | AF PAL | Ogil | 1899 | 12 |
| Pitt shag | Phalacrocorax featherstoni Buller, 1873 | AU | Bull | 1873 | 13 |
| Spotted shag | Phalacrocorax punctatus (Sparrman, 1786) | AU | Spar | 1786 | 14 |
| Black-faced cormorant | Phalacrocorax fuscescens (Vieillot, 1817) | AU | Viei | 1817 | 15 |
| Australian pied cormorant | Phalacrocorax varius (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | AU | Gmel | 1789 | 16 |
| Little black cormorant | Phalacrocorax sulcirostris (Brandt, JF, 1837) | AU OR | Bran | 1837 | 17 |
| Indian cormorant | Phalacrocorax fuscicollis Stephens, 1826 | OR | Step | 1826 | 18 |
| Cape cormorant | Phalacrocorax capensis (Sparrman, 1788) | AF | Spar | 1788 | 19 |
| Japanese cormorant | Phalacrocorax capillatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1850) | PAL | Temm | 1850 | 20 |
| White-breasted cormorant | Phalacrocorax lucidus (Lichtenstein, MHC, 1823) | AF | Lich | 1823 | 21 |
| Great cormorant | Phalacrocorax carbo (Linnaeus, 1758) | AU NA AF OR PAL | Linn | 1758 | 22 |
| European shag | Gulosus aristotelis (Linnaeus, 1761) | AF PAL | Linn | 1761 | 23 |
| Flightless cormorant | Nannopterum harrisi (Rothschild, 1898) | SA | Roth | 1898 | 24 |
| Neotropic cormorant | Nannopterum brasilianum (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | MA NA SA | Gmel | 1789 | 25 |
| Double-crested cormorant | Nannopterum auritum (Lesson, RP, 1831) | MA NA | Less | 1831 | 26 |
| Rock shag | Leucocarbo magellanicus (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | SA | Gmel | 1789 | 27 |
| Guanay cormorant | Leucocarbo bougainvillii (Lesson, RP, 1837) | SA | Less | 1837 | 28 |
| Bounty shag | Leucocarbo ranfurlyi (Ogilvie-Grant, 1901) | AU | Ogil | 1901 | 29 |
| New Zealand king shag | Leucocarbo carunculatus (Gmelin, JF, 1789) | AU | Gmel | 1789 | 30 |
| Chatham shag | Leucocarbo onslowi (Forbes, HO, 1893) | AU | Forb | 1893 | 31 |
| Otago shag | Leucocarbo chalconotus (Gray, GR, 1845) | AU | Gray | 1845 | 32 |
| Foveaux shag | Leucocarbo stewarti (Ogilvie-Grant, 1898) | AU | Ogil | 1898 | 33 |
| Auckland shag | Leucocarbo colensoi (Buller, 1888) | AU | Bull | 1888 | 34 |
| Campbell shag | Leucocarbo campbelli (Filhol, 1878) | AU | Filh | 1878 | 35 |
| Imperial shag | Leucocarbo atriceps (King, PP, 1828) | SA | King | 1828 | 36 |
| South Georgia shag | Leucocarbo georgianus (Lönnberg, 1906) | SO | Lönn | 1906 | 37 |
| Crozet shag | Leucocarbo melanogenis (Blyth, 1860) | SO | Blyt | 1860 | 38 |
| Antarctic shag | Leucocarbo bransfieldensis (Murphy, 1936) | SO | Murp | 1936 | 39 |
| Kerguelen shag | Leucocarbo verrucosus (Cabanis, 1875) | IO | Caba | 1875 | 40 |
| Heard Island shag | Leucocarbo nivalis (Falla, 1937) | SO | Fall | 1937 | 41 |
| Macquarie shag | Leucocarbo purpurascens (Brandt, JF, 1837) | SO | Bran | 1837 | 42 |
Phalacrocoracidae genera
[edit]| Genus + authority | spp | Br. range |
au | yr | id | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microcarbo Bonaparte, 1856 | 5 | OR AU AF PAL | Bona | 1856 | 1 | Microcarbo cormorants are split from Phalacrocorax (Siegel-Causey 1988; Kennedy et al. 2000; Christidis & Boles 2008). |
| Poikilocarbo Boetticher, 1935 | 1 | SA | Boet | 1935 | 2 | Resurrection of Poikilocarbo as a monotypic genus was suggested for the highly divergent P. gaimardi (Kennedy & Spencer 2014). |
| Urile Bonaparte, 1856 | 4 | NA PO PAL MA | Bona | 1856 | 3 | Resurrect Urile for the well-supported clade of North Pacific cormorants (Kennedy & Spencer 2014; Chesser et al. 2021). |
| Phalacrocorax Brisson, 1760 | 12 | OR AU NA AF PAL | Bris | 1760 | 4 | |
| Gulosus Montagu, 1813 | 1 | AF PAL | Mont | 1813 | 5 | Resurrection of the monotypic genus Gulosus was proposed for the genetically highly divergent European Shag (Kennedy & Spencer 2014). |
| Nannopterum Sharpe, 1899 | 3 | NA MA SA | Shar | 1899 | 6 | Resurrection of Nannopterum was proposed for three New World species formerly assigned to Phalacrocorax, but which are in a different clade from Phalacrocorax s.s. and are more closely related to Leucocarbo (Kennedy & Spencer 2014, Chesser et al. 2021). Note change in gender from masculine to neuter. |
| Leucocarbo Bonaparte, 1856 | 16 | AU SO IO SA | Bona | 1856 | 7 | Genus Leucocarbo includes at least 10 core species (Kennedy et al. 2000; Christidis & Boles 2008). |
References
[edit]- ^ Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.2). https://www.worldbirdnames.org
- ^ IOC Ranges