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Kaitlyn Preston Wikipedia's Dante's 4th circle of Hell article for ENGL9876.99

Analysis of Article

The main issue I saw with the article I chose is the way they explain the fourth circle of Hell in general. It's really hard to grasp onto what they're saying and they don't go into deep detail regarding what greed even means. I feel like the paragraph can be expanded with more detail that is actually easy to understand. It kind of explains what greed is, but not how it ties into being a circle of Hell. Why is it considered a circle of Hell?

The article also did not put any points of view or really any examples.The article also didn't give any examples of characters who have committed sin of the Fourth circle - Greed.

Reading List

A numbered list of all your readings go here. Use the following format:

• Alighieri, Dante. (1321). Inferno.
• Luke 12:15 - New International Version
• 1 Chorinthians 6:10 - New International Version

Revised paragraph from article

Original

Those whose attitude toward material goods deviated from the appropriate mean are punished in the fourth circle. They include the avaricious or miserly (including many "clergymen, and popes and cardinals"),^[15] who hoarded possessions, and the prodigal, who squandered them. The two groups are guarded by a figure Dante names as Pluto, either Pluto the classical ruler of the underworld or Plutus the Greek deity of wealth^[16] (who uses the cryptic phrase Papé Satàn, papé Satàn aleppe), but Virgil protects Dante from him. The two groups joust, using as weapons great weights that they push with their chests:

Revised

Those whose attitude towards material goods deviate or depart away from the appropriate standard are punish in the fourth circle. Otherwise known as Greed. Those who are avaricious, or having extreme greed revolving wealth, will suffer from punishment in the fourth circle of hell. "You cannot serve both God and Money" (Luke 16:13). Ahab, who was the King of Isreal, was a very wealthy man. He tried to gain land from a man named Naboth but Naboth refused because he inherited the land. "Ahab went home, sullen and angry because Naboth the Jezreelite had said, 'I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers' He lay on his bed sulking and refused to eat'" (1 Kings 21:4). He demonstrates something very common with greed. He focused on what he didn't have. He had no appreciation for what wealth he already had. He just wanted more and more. More examples of greed include clergymen, and popes and cardinals, who hoarded possessions, and the prodigal, who squandered them. In Luke 12, Jesus was approached by a man who wanted way more of his inheritance than what he was entitled to. In the culture that the man lived in, the older brother was the one who received double that of the younger brother because as the older one, he was responsible for being the head of the family. Jesus said to the man, "Man, who appointed me a judge or an arbiter between you? Watch out! Be on your guard against all kinds of greed, a man's life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions" (Luke 12:13-15). "Nor thieves nor the greedy nor drunkards nor slanderers nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God" (1 Corinthians 6:10)

The two groups are guarded by a figure Dante names as Pluto, either Pluto the classical ruler of the underworld or Plutus the Greek deity of wealth, but Virgil protects Dante from him. Plutus is a demon - a unique hybrid of sources and natures - of wealth who guards the fourth circle of Hell, placed there by Lucifer. Those involved in the fourth circle of hell are known as "The Hoarders and the Wasters". Virgil protects Dante from Plutus by chanting "Papé Satàn, papé Satàn aleppe" which is viewed as a prayer to Satan thanking him for the riches and wealth. Modern commentators on the Inferno view the chant as a kind of demonic invocation. The two groups joust, using as weapons great weights that they push with their chests.

Original Contribution

I added quite a few biblical references regarding greed and went into greater detail with the original paragraph so it was easier to understand and possibly relate to.

Notes

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