User:Kmurf22/Primer binding site
 | This is the sandbox page where you will draft your initial Wikipedia contribution.
If you're starting a new article, you can develop it here until it's ready to go live. If you're working on improvements to an existing article, copy only one section at a time of the article to this sandbox to work on, and be sure to use an edit summary linking to the article you copied from. Do not copy over the entire article. You can find additional instructions here. Remember to save your work regularly using the "Publish page" button. (It just means 'save'; it will still be in the sandbox.) You can add bold formatting to your additions to differentiate them from existing content. |
Article Draft
[edit]
- Delete section on HIV it appears irrelevant.
- Replace HIV primer binding site picture with picture on the right.
DNA Replication
[edit].jpg)
DNA replication is the semi-conservative, biological process of two DNA strands copying themselves, resulting in two identical copies of DNA.[3][4] This process is considered semi-conservative because, after replication, each copy of DNA contains a strand from the original DNA molecule and a strand from the newly-synthesized DNA molecule.[4]
An RNA primer is a short chain of single-stranded RNA, consisting of roughly five to ten nucleotides complementary to the DNA template strand. DNA polymerase will then take each nucleotide and make a new complementary DNA strand to the template strand, but only in the 5' to 3' direction. One of the new strands, the leading strand, moves in the 5' to 3' direction until it reaches the replication fork, allowing DNA polymerase to take the RNA primer and make a new complementary DNA strand to the template strand. The lagging strand moves away from the replication fork in the 3' to 5' direction and consists of small fragments called Okazaki fragments. DNA polymerase makes the lagging strand by using a new RNA primer for each Okazaki fragment it encounters. Overall, the leading strand only uses one RNA primer, while the lagging strand uses a new RNA primer for each Okazaki fragment it comes across.[5]
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
[edit]Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a method used in laboratories that significantly increases the production of replicated DNA sequences. PCR has revolutionized science by allowing laboratories to replicate up to billions of DNA sequences in only a few hours.[6] This method has been used to diagnose diseases, sequence and clone genes, detect pathogens, and locate criminals. PCR has even allowed the Human Genome Project to advance immensely.[7]
A PCR primer is a short chain of single-stranded DNA, consisting of roughly twenty nucleotides complementary to the target sequence of DNA. During PCR, two primers will bind to opposite template strands of DNA. The two primers point towards one another, allowing only a specific region of DNA to be copied. [8] Scientists use PCR primers to analyze a targeted section of DNA. [9]
References
[edit]- ^ "File:RNA primer.png - Wikipedia". commons.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- ^ "File:Semi conservative replication of DNA (13081032424).jpg - Wikipedia". commons.wikimedia.org. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- ^ "3.5 Nucleic Acids - Biology 2e | OpenStax". openstax.org. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- ^ a b Miller, Christine (2020-09-01). "5.4 DNA Replication".
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "Molecular mechanism of DNA replication (article)". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ "Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)". Genome.gov. Retrieved 2021-11-02.
- ^ Garibyan, Lilit; Avashia, Nidhi (2013-3). "Research Techniques Made Simple: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)". The Journal of investigative dermatology. 133 (3): e6. doi:10.1038/jid.2013.1. ISSN 0022-202X. PMC 4102308. PMID 23399825.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ "Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (article)". Khan Academy. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ "Primer". Genome.gov. Retrieved 2021-11-29.
- ^ Madonini, Fabio (2016-06-29), Italiano: Schema dei primer per la PCR: il prodotto dell'amplificazione al termine del programma è il segmento di DNA compreso tra il primer forward e il primer reverse, retrieved 2021-11-29
.jpg){kind=link}
