User:Kelmojo/sandbox

From list one, I chose to leave talk notes for counter-terrorism. First off, I noticed it was lacking citations in places that would make it more credible if it had them. Secondly, it seemed somewhat biased in the beginning when talking about insurgency, it talks from the US perspective and I feel as though it would be better to either not mention it or to also have other perspectives. Under the "planning" portion, I think that more countries could be listed than just the four they have so far. Next, it goes pretty in-depth about human rights and is sort of lacking in areas like history and examples from more than just a couple countries. There is a specific section on how the US law enforcement reacts to it but then a "international" section for all other countries and I find that seemingly biased, as well. Lastly, it mainly hits on national and religious terrorism, not as much on left wing or right wing.

For my second critique, I chose the Chicago Project on Security and Terrorism. This article could use a more in-depth description because it seems to be quite short and not very informative. Also, under the "media" segment, there are a lot of links to other articles and not much information besides just listing them out and I find it kind of busy. I think it would be beneficial to quote some of the reports made by the media to give more of the media's perspective of the project and to give the section more substance. Also, the article seems to only reference Pape's work and his opinions. I would assume there has been other efforts from other sources that could be mentioned throughout the article.

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To my article, I have added the following information:

 To break it down a little more:

• Mitigation: the action-taking step. This is the phase of reducing human and monetary consequences later by analyzing, reducing, and preventing further risk.
• Preparedness: the planning step. Here, a continuous cycle of planning, managing, analyzing, and improving functions as a task force to ensure top-notch coordination among volunteers, agencies, etc
• Response: In this phase, the first wave of core services are needed. First responders and any necessary emergency services are mobilized, followed by secondary services like rescue crews and more police, fire, and ambulance crews.
• Recovery: the main goal of this phase is to recover and restore the area affected and handle any issues or concerns not initially dealt with during the other phases. It is in this phase that the "clean up," restoring, and rebuilding of communities occurs, in some cases.

Some examples of what is considered an "emergency" include: wildfires, hazardous materials incidents, floods and flash floods, hurricanes, tornadoes, winter storms (such as severe snow and ice storms), earthquakes, communications, public transportation, or electricity failures, radiological accidents, severe oil or natural gas accidents, civil disturbances, terrorism, war, and explosions.

International Emergency Management Efforts:

American Red Cross -

The American Red Cross is a non-government, independent agency that works with other agencies to accomplish their simple goal: to provide care to those in need. In the United States, they provide disaster relief to thousands every year by providing food, shelter, and health services to the families and communities of disasters. They also aide military families prepare for, cope with, and respond to challenges they face with loved ones in military. The Red Cross provides other health services like blood drives, CPR courses, and lifeguard training, as well. Now, on an international level, they are part of the world's largest humanitarian networks and help respond to disasters in over 187 countries annually in the case of responding to disasters, building safer communities, and teaching the rules of war.

Center for Disease Control -

Another aspect of emergency management efforts has been tasked to the CDC, which formed the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). This branch is staffed by CDC public health respondents to better enhance communication and organize responses to disasters requiring their assistance. To go along with that, the CDC also created the Incident Management System (IMS), a group structured by protocols, support, and services to incidents the CDC responds to. All of these groups combined form the CDC's Emergency Management Program (EMP). This group responds to a wide variety of events such as outbreaks of diseases and respiratory illness, natural disasters, man-made disasters, and events where national security is in jeopardy. Not only does this group operate in the United States, but it has also been implemented in Japan, Haiti, the Middle East, Etc.

World Health Organization -

This organization has offices in over 150 countries, all striving to work with government agencies and other third-parties to better the health of others. They do this through disease prevention, emergency preparedness, and providing tools to the public for educational and preventative purposes. They have a headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, 6 regional offices, and 149 field offices in other countries. Some of the regions of the world that the World Health Organization has been able to assist have been Africa, the United States, South-East Asia, Europe, Eastern Mediterranean, and the Western Pacific. At the government level, WHO works with governing leaders to establish plans for health of their people, assistance in altering emergency prevention, aide in updating treatment and care services, and funding and help with disasters. As for the citizen level, the World Health Organization is able to provide funds, establish foundations and organizations, and educate citizens on health and their country's policies and strategies to achieve this. 

International Association for Preparedness and Response -

The International Association for Preparedness and Response (DERA) is a non-government, independent organization founded in 1962 to aide communities worldwide in emergency preparedness, response, and recovery. This organization's goal is to link together professionals, volunteers, and other related organizations together to be able to activate as a response team in disasters. They seek to provide support, resources, and aide to members, as well as those that are facing the disaster personally. They currently have active members all over the world in government, non-profit organizations, institutions, corporations, businesses, and other agencies.

International Association of Emergency Managers -

Outside of organizations that directly aide with emergencies internationally, there is the International Association of Emergency Managers that works to educate, network, and provide advancement opportunities to those that are professional emergency managers. This association was founded in 1952, originally as the "U.S. Civil Defense Council," then the "National Coordinating Council of Emergency Managers," to now, the IAEM. They strive to develop professionals through teaching the principles of emergency management, their certification program, and through their chapters all over the world. These programs teach emergency managers how to build relationships at city, state, and federal levels, crisis planning, how to mitigate, analyze hazardous cites, history of Homeland Security, etc.

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