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Martin Luther
Luther at age 46, (1529), by Lucas Cranach the Elder, Uffizi Gallery
BornNovember 10 1483
Eisleben, Germany
DiedFebruary 18 1546
Eisleben, Germany
Occupation(s)Theologian and Church Reformer
SpouseKatharina von Bora
Parent(s)Hans and Margarethe Luther (Ziegler)

Sources

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Bainton, Roland H. (1995 (1950)). Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther. New York: Penguin. ISBN 0-452-01146-9. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

Brecht, Martin. Martin Luther. Tr. James L. Schaef. 3 Volumes. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985-1993. ISBN 0-8006-2813-6, ISBN 0-8006-2814-4, ISBN 0-8006-2815-2.

Kittelson, James M. (1986). Luther the Reformer: The Story of the Man and His Career. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House. ISBN 0-8066-2240-7. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

  • Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. New York: Doubleday, 1989. ISBN 0-385-42278-4

Original writings of Luther and contemporaries

Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge

Online information on Luther and his work

Books

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  • Bainton, Roland H. Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther. New York: Penguin, 1995 (1950). ISBN 0-452-01146-9.
  • Bornkamm, Heinrich. Luther in Mid-Career 1521-1530. Tr. E. Theodore Bachmann. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1983. ISBN 0-8006-0692-2.
  • Bornkamm, Heinrich. Luther's World of Thought. Martin H. Bertram, trans. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1958. ISBN 0-7586-0832-2
  • Brecht, Martin. Martin Luther. Tr. James L. Schaaf. 3 Volumes. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985-1993. ISBN 0-8006-2813-6, ISBN 0-8006-2814-4, ISBN 0-8006-2815-2.
  • d'Aubigne, Jean Henri Merle. The Triumph of Truth: A Life of Martin Luther. Tr. Henry White. Ed. Mark Sidwell. Bob Jones University Press, 1996. ISBN 0-89084-876-9.
  • Dickens, A.G. Martin Luther and the Reformation. New York: Harper & Row, 1967. ASIN: B0007DY59M.
  • Haile, H.G. Luther: An Experiment in Biography. Garden City, New York: Doubleday & Co., 1980. ISBN 0-385-15960-9.
  • Kittelson, James M. Luther the Reformer: The Story of the Man and His Career. Minneapolis: Augsburg Publishing House, 1986. ISBN 0-8066-2240-7.
  • Kolb, Robert. Martin Luther As Prophet, Teacher, Hero: Images of the Reformer, 1520-1620. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 2000. ISBN 0-8010-2214-2.
  • Manns, Peter. Martin Luther: An Illustrated Biography. New York: Crossroad Publishing Co., 1982. ISBN 0-8245-0510-7
  • Marty, Martin. Martin Luther: A Penguin Life. New York: Penguin, 2004. ISBN 0-670-03272-7
  • Nohl, Frederick. Luther: Biography of a Reformer. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2003. ISBN 0-7586-0651-6
  • Oberman, Heiko A. Luther: Man Between God and the Devil. New York: Doubleday, 1989. ISBN 0-385-42278-4
  • Plass, Ewald M. This Is Luther: A Character Study. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1948 [Reprint, 1984]. ISBN 0-570-03942-8.
  • Polack, W.G. The Story of Luther. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1931.
  • Reu, [John] M[ichael]. Luther and the Scriptures. Columbus, Ohio: The Wartburg Press, 1944. [Reprint: St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1980].
  • Reu, [John] M[ichael]. Luther's German Bible: An Historical Presentation Together with a Collection of Sources. Columbus, Ohio: The Lutheran Book Concern, 1934. [Reprint: St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1984].
  • Ritter, Gerhard. Luther: His Life and Work. John Riches, trans. New York: Harper & Row, 1963. ISBN 0-313-20347-4.
  • Schwiebert, E.G. Luther and His Times. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1950. ISBN 0-570-03246-6.
  • Siemon-Netto, Uwe. The Fabricated Luther: the Rise and Fall of the Shirer Myth. Peter L. Berger, Foreward. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1995. ISBN 0-570-04800-1.
  • Smith, Preserved.
  • Tjernagel, Neelak S. Martin Luther and the Jewish People. Milwaukee: Northwestern Publishing House, 1985. ISBN 0-8100-0213-2
  • Todd, John M. Luther: A Life. New York: Crossroad Publishing Company, 1982. ISBN 0-8245-0479-8 (Also at [3])
  • Triglot Concordia. ed., trans. Bente, F. et al. Historical introductions by F. Bente. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921.

Chapters

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  • Farrell, John. "Luther and the Devil's World," in Paranoia and Modernity: Cervantes to Rousseau (NP: Cornell University Press, 2006), chapter four.
  • MacCulloch, Diarmaid. The Reformation: Europe's House Divided 1490-1700. London: BBC Books, 2003. ISBN 0-7139-9370-7
  • Oberman, Heiko A. The Roots of Anti-Semitism in the Age of Renaissance and Reformation. James I. Porter, trans. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1984. ISBN 0-8006-0709-0
  • Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church. 8 vols. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1910.
  • Westerholm, Stephen. Israel's Law and the Church's Faith. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1988. ISBN 0-8028-0288-5

Encyclopedia articles

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Audio recordings

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Filmography

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  • 1953: Martin Luther, theatrical film, with Niall MacGinnis as Luther; directed by Irving Pichel. Academy Award nominations for black & white cinematography and art/set direction. Rereleased in 2002 on DVD in 4 languages.
  • 1974: Luther, theatrical film (MPAA rating: PG), with Stacy Keach as Luther. Adapted from John Osborne's play.
  • 1981: Where Luther Walked, documentary featuring the late Roland Bainton as guide and narrator, directed by Ray Christensen (VHS released in 1992), ISBN 1-56364-012-0
  • 1983: Martin Luther: Heretic, TV presentation with Jonathan Pryce as Luther, directed by Norman Stone.
  • 1983: Martin Luther: An Eye on Augsburg, a film funded by the Northern Illinois District of the LCMS with Rev. Robert Clausen as Luther.
  • 2001: Opening the Door to Luther, travelogue hosted by Rick Steves. Sponsored by the ELCA.
  • 2002: Martin Luther, a historical film from the Lion TV/PBS Empires series, with Timothy West as Luther, narrated by Liam Neeson and directed by Cassian Harrison.
  • 2003: Luther, theatrical release (MPAA rating: PG-13), with Joseph Fiennes as Luther and directed by Eric Till. Partially funded by American and German Lutheran groups.

This list of books by Martin Luther contains a bibliography of the works of Martin Luther in print, online or other formats, in English translation and original language.

Collected works

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Original languages

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  1. Luther, Martin. D. Martin Luthers Werke, Kritische Gesamtausgabe. 65 vols. Weimar: Verlag Hermann Böhlausn Nochfolger, 1883-1966.

English

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  1. Luther, Martin. Luther's Works. 55 Volumes. Various translators. St. Louis, Minneapolis: Concordia Publishing House, Fortress Press, 1957-1986.

Collected works by type

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Luther's German Bible translation

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  1. Luther, Martin. D. Martin Luthers Werke, Kritische Gesamtausgabe. Die Deutsche Bibel. 12 vols. Weimar: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nochfolger, 1906-61.

Letters

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Original Languages

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  1. Luther, Martin. D. Martin Luthers Werke, Kritische Gesamtausgabe. Briefwechsel. 18 vols. Weimar: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachfolger, 1930-85.
  2. Luther, Martin. Dr. Martin luthers Sämmtliche Werke. Briefwechsel. Ed. Ernst Ludwig Enders. Calw and Stuttgart.

English

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  1. Luther Martin. Luther's Correspondence and Other Contemporary Letters, 2 vols., tr.and ed. by Preserved Smith, Charles Michael Jacobs, The Lutheran Publication Society, Philadelphia, Pa. 1913, 1918. vol.I (1507-1521) and vol.2 (1521-1530) from Google Books. Reprint of Vol.1, Wipf & Stock Publishers (March 2006). ISBN 1-59752-601-0
  2. Luther Martin. The Letters of Martin Luther, tr. Margaret, A. Currie. London: MacMillian, 1908.

Music

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  1. Luther, Martin, Luther: Hymns, Ballads, Chants, Truth. 4 CD recording. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005.

Table talk

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  1. Luther, Martin. D. Martin Luthers Werke, Kritische Gesamtausgabe. Tischreden. 6 vols. Weimar: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nochfolger, 1912-21.
  2. Luther, Martin. Luther's table talk; or, Some choice fragments from the familiar discourse of that godly man 1832
  3. Luther's Table Talk: A Critical Study. New York: Columbia University Press, 1907. ISBN 0-7905-3865-2 from Google Books

Large Catechism

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  1. "The Large Catechism." Concordia: The Lutheran Confessions: A Reader's Edition of the Book of Concord. Tr. W. H. T. Dau and G. F. Bente. Rev. and Updated by P. T. McCain, R. C. Baker, G. E. Veith and E. A. Engelbrecht. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005, 375-470.
  2. Triglot Concordia. tr. and ed. F. Bente and W. H.T. Dau. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921.

Smalcald Articles

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  1. "The Smalcald Articles." Concordia: The Lutheran Confessions: A Reader's Edition of the Book of Concord. Tr. W. H. T. Dau and G. F. Bente. Rev. and Updated by P. T. McCain, R. C. Baker, G. E. Veith and E. A. Engelbrecht. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005, 279-313.
  2. Triglot Concordia. Tr. and ed. W. H. T. Dau and G. F. Bente. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921.

Small Catechism

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  1. "Enchiridion: The Small Catechism." Concordia: The Lutheran Confessions: A Reader's Edition of the Book of Concord. Tr. W. H. T. Dau and G. F. Bente. Rev. and Updated by P. T. McCain, R. C. Baker, G. E. Veith and E. A. Engelbrecht. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005, 333-374.
  2. Triglot Concordia. tr. and ed. F. Bente and W. H.T. Dau. St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1921.

main article

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1. ^ Ewald Plass, "Monasticism", in What Luther Says: An Anthology (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1959), 2:964.

2. ^ Erwin Fahlbusch and Geoffrey William Bromiley, The Encyclopedia of Christianity (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Leiden, Netherlands: Wm. B. Eerdmans; Brill, 1999–2003), 1:244.

3. ^ a b Tyndale's New Testament, trans. from the Greek by William Tyndale in 1534 in a modern-spelling edition and with an introduction by David Daniell (New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1989), ix–x.

4. ^ Jacques Barzun, From Dawn to Decadence (New York: Harper Collins, 2000), 4.

5. ^ "The last and greatest reform of all [in music] was in congregational song. In the Middle Ages the liturgy was almost entirely restricted to the celebrant and the choir. The congregation joined in a few responses in the vernacular. Luther so developed this element that he may be considered the father of congregational song." From Roland Bainton, Here I Stand: a Life of Martin Luther (New York: Penguin, 1995), 269; Martin Luther, Luther: Hymns, Ballads, Chants, Truth (4 compact discs). St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005.

6. ^ "If he could not reform all Christendom, at any rate he could and did establish the protestant parsonage" from Bainton, 223.

7. ^ Lutheran World Federation, Slight Increase Pushes LWF Global Membership to 66.2 Million,The Lutheran World Federation, accessed May 18, 2006.

8. ^ "Major Branches of Religions Ranked by Number of Adherents", (accessed May 22, 2006).

9. ^ Martin Luther, "On the Jews and Their Lies," Tr. Martin H. Bertram, in Luther's Works ed. Franklin Sherman (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1971), 47:268–272 (hereafter cited in notes as LW).

10. ^ Uwe Siemon-Netto, "Luther and the Jews." Lutheran Witness 123 (2004) No. 4:19.

11. ^ The Cambridge Companion to Martin Luther, ed. Donald K. McKim (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 58; Encyclopaedia Britannica Online, s.v. "Anti-Semitism," by Michael Berenbaum (accessed January 2, 2007).

12. ^ Martin Brecht, Martin Luther, Trans. James L. Schaaf (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985–1993), 1:3–5.

13. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Online, s.v. "Martin Luther" by Ernst Gordon Rupp (accessed 2006).

14. ^ E.G. Schwiebert, Luther and His Times (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1950), 128.

15. ^ Brecht, 1:48.

16. ^ Schwiebert, 136.

17. ^ Bainton, 40–42.

18. ^ James Kittelson, Luther The Reformer (Minneapolis: Augsburg Fortress Publishing House, 1986), 53.

19. ^ Kittelson, 79.

20. ^ Bainton, 44–45.

21. ^ a major Mediæval textbook of theology; Brecht, 1:93.

22. ^ Brecht, 1:12–27.

23. ^ Markus Wriedt, "Luther's Theology," in The Cambridge Companion to Luther (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 88–94.

24. ^ Martin Luther, The Smalcald Articles in Concordia: The Lutheran Confessions (Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005), 289, Part two, Article 1.

25. ^ Plass, 2:732, no. 2276.

26. ^ Preus, Robert D. "Luther and the Doctrine of Justification" Concordia Theological Quarterly 48 (1984) no. 1:11–12.

27. ^ Bainton, 60; Brecht, 1:182; Kittelson, 104.

28. ^ Certum est, nummo in cistam tinniente augeri questum et avariciam posse: suffragium autem ecclesie est in arbitrio dei solius. (Thesis 28)

29. ^ Errant itaque indulgentiarum predicatores ii, qui dicunt per pape indulgentias hominem ab omni pena solvi et salvari. (Thesis 21)

30. ^ Exhortandi sunt Christiani, ut caput suum Christum per penas, mortes infernosque sequi studeant. Ac sic magis per multas tribulationes intrare celum quam per securitatem pacis confidant. (Theses 94 and 95)

31. ^ …quod non potestate clavis (quam nullam habet)… (Thesis 26)

32. ^ Brecht, 1:204–205.

33. ^ Luther, Martin (2006). Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved September 18, 2006.

34. ^ Martin Treu, Martin Luther in Wittenberg: A Biographical Tour (Wittenberg: Saxon-Anhalt Luther Memorial Foundation, 2003), 31.

35. ^ Papal Bull Exsurge Domine.

36. ^ Philip Schaff, History of the Christian Church (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1910), 7:99; W.G. Polack, The Story of Luther (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1931), 45.

37. ^ Martin Luther, Proceedings at Augsburg (1518), trans. Harold J. Grimm in Luther’s Works, ed. Harold J. Grimm (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1957), LW 31:257.

38. ^ Martin Luther, "The Leipzig Debate (1519)," trans. Harold J. Grimm in Luther’s Works, ed. Harold J. Grimm (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1957), LW 31:311.

39. ^ Latin title is Operationes in Psalmos.

40. ^ a b The New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge, ed. Samuel Macauley Jackson and George William Gilmore, (New York, London, Funk and Wagnalls Co., 1908–1914; Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Book House, 1951) s.v. "Luther, Martin," hereafter cited in notes as Schaff-Herzog, 71.

41. ^ Lewis W. Spitz, The Renaissance and Reformation Movements, Revised Ed. (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1987), 338.

42. ^ Martin Luther, An Open Letter to The Christian Nobility of the German Nation Concerning the Reform of the Christian Estate, 1520, trans. C. M. Jacobs, in Works of Martin Luther: With Introductions and Notes, Volume 2 (Philadelphia: A. J. Holman Company, 1915; Fort Wayne, IN: Project Wittenberg, 2006).

43. ^ a b Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reformation, ed. Hans J. Hillerbrand, s.v. "Luther, Martin," (by Martin Brecht, tr. Wolfgang Katenz) New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), 2:463.

44. ^ Published November 20, 1520.

45. ^ In German, Von der Beichte.

46. ^ Martin Luther, "Let Your Sins Be Strong: A Letter From Luther to Melanchthon. Letter no. 99, 1 August 1521, From the Wartburg," Trans. Erika Bullman Flores (Fort Wayne, IN: Project Wittenberg, 2006), Letter 99.13. The letter was translated from Dr. Martin Luther's Saemmtliche Schriften Ed. Johann Georg Walch (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, N.D.), vol. 15, cols. 2585–2590.

47. ^ Martin Luther, "Preface," Small Catechism.

48. ^ LW 50:172–173. Luther compares himself to the mythological Saturn, who devoured most of his children. Luther wanted to get rid of many of his writings except for the two mentioned. The Large and Small Catechisms are spoken of as one work by Luther in this letter.

49. ^ Tyndale's New Testament, xv, xxvii.

50. ^ The German title of this work is Deutsche Messe. See the full text in image format at Martin Luther, Deutsche Messe und Ordnung Gottesdienst (Wittenberg, Germany: N.P., 1526).

51. ^ a b c d Schaff-Herzog, “Luther, Martin,” 73.

52. ^ German title is: Taufbüchlein, 1523, 1526.

53. ^ a b c d e f g Schaff-Herzog, "Luther, Martin", 74.

54. ^ Martin Luther, "To Nicholas Hausmann [Wittenberg,] March 29, 1527," Tr. Gottfried G. Krodel, in Luther's Works ed. Gottfried G. Krodel (Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1972), 49:161–164; Original text found at Weimar Ausgabe Briefwechsel, 4:180–181. Hereafter cited in notes as WABr.

55. ^ The German title of this work is Unterricht der Visitatoren an die Pfarrherrn.

56. ^ LW 37:223–224.

57. ^ Against the Heavenly Prophets (1525) and Confession concerning Christ's Supper (1528) as cited in The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church,ed. F.L. Cross (London: Oxford University Press, 1958), 337.

58. ^ Luther, "On the Jews and Their Lies," LW 47:268–271.

59. ^ Laqueur, Walter (2006). The Changing Face of Antisemitism: From Ancient Times To The Present Day, p. 64. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-530429-2

60. ^ Those expressing this opinion include:

  • Roland Bainton, 297.
  • Russell Briese, “Martin Luther and the Jews,” Lutheran Forum (Summer 2000):32.
  • Brecht, Martin Luther, 3:351.
  • Mark U. Edwards, Jr. Luther’s Last Battles: Politics and Polemics 1531–46 (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1983), 139.
  • Eric Gritsch, “Was Luther Anti-Semitic?” 12 Christian History No. 3:39.
  • James M. Kittelson, Luther the Reformer, 274.
  • Richard Marius, Martin Luther: The Christian Between God and Death (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999), 377.
  • Heiko Oberman, The Roots of Anti-Semitism: In the Age of Renaissance and Reformation (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1984), 102.
  • Gordon Rupp, Martin Luther, 75.
  • Siemon-Netto, "Luther and the Jews," Lutheran Witness 123 (2004) No. 4:19, 21.

61. ^ Johannes Wallmann, "The Reception of Luther's Writings on the Jews from the Reformation to the End of the 19th Century", Lutheran Quarterly, n.s. 1 (Spring 1987) 1:72–97.

62. ^ Siemon-Netto, The Fabricated Luther, 17–20.

63. ^ Q&A: Luther's Anti-Semitism at Lutheran Church — Missouri Synod. Retrieved December 15, 2005.

64. ^ Declaration of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America to the Jewish Community, April 18, 1994, retrieved December 15, 2005.

65. ^ Susan C. Karant-Nunn and Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks, Luther on Women: A Sourcebook, (Cambridge: Cambridge U. Press, 2003), 228.

66. ^ Exodus 22:18

67. ^ Sermon on Exodus, 1526, WA 16, 551 f.

68. ^ Martin Luther, Luther's Little Instruction Book, Trans. Robert E. Smith, (Fort Wayne: Project Wittenberg, 2004), Small Catechism 1.2.

69. ^ WA Tr 4:51–52, no. 3979 quoted and translated in Karant-Nunn, 236. The original Latin and German text is: "25, Augusti multa dicebant de veneficis et incantatricibus, quae ova ex gallinis et lac et butyrum furarentur. Respondit Lutherus: Cum illis nulla habenda est misericordia. Ich wolte sie selber verprennen, more legis, ubi sacerdotes reos lapidare incipiebant.

70. ^ LW 41:259–376.

71. ^ LW 41:259.

72. ^ Emanuel Valenza, "Christ Among Us? No. Heresy and Revolution, Yes!" The Angellus 8 (1985) No. 3.

73. ^ In January of 1527, Luther was overcome by "a violent rush of blood to the heart, which well-nigh killed him." For an account of this event, see: Wilhelm Rein, The Life of Martin Luther, New York, Funk & Wagnalls (1883), pp. 139–146.

74. ^ Some of these may have been stress related; the years of struggle with Rome, the various antagonisms with and among his fellow reformers, and the scandal which ensued from the bigamy of Philip of Hesse incident, in which Luther had played a leading role, all may have contributed to Luther's declining health.

75. ^ Edwards, 9.

76. ^ Spitz, 354.

77. ^ Will Durant, The Story of Civilization, vol. VI, The Reformation Chpt. XX, page 451

78. ^ cf. Brecht, 3:369–379.

79. ^ The macaronic German and Latin of Luther's last written words are: "Wir sind Bettler. Hoc est verum." Heinrich Bornkamm, Luther's World of Thought, tr. Martin H. Bertram (St. Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 1958), 291.

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