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Spirit of the American Doughboy

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Location City State Coordinates Image Dedicated Notes/References
Memorial Park Columbia South Carolina 34°00′06″N 81°02′34″W / 34.001759°N 81.042699°W / 34.001759; -81.042699 (Columbia, South Carolina) 2002 Reproduced from molds of the original work by Sarasota, Florida, sculptor Frank Colson and erected on November 11, 2002.[1]
The intersection of Whaley Street and Olympia Avenue. Olympia South Carolina 33°59′07″N 81°02′08″W / 33.985198°N 81.035632°W / 33.985198; -81.035632 (Columbia, South Carolina) 1930 Dedicated on November 11, 1930.[2]
Owen County Courthouse Spencer Indiana 39°17′09″N 86°45′44″W / 39.28593333°N 86.76228333°W / 39.28593333; -86.76228333 (Spencer, Indiana) 1927
Somerset Cemetery Crisfield Maryland 37°59′00″N 75°50′41″W / 37.983331°N 75.844771°W / 37.983331; -75.844771 (Crisfield, Maryland) 1923
In Freedom Won Park (intersection of North Main Street and 3rd Avenue North). Payette Idaho 44°04′42″N 116°56′06″W / 44.078287°N 116.935070°W / 44.078287; -116.935070 (Payette, Idaho) 1923 Originally dedicated on May 30, 1923, at the intersection of Eighth Street and Center Avenue. [3]
Price City Peace Garden Price Utah 39°35′59″N 110°48′30″W / 39.599753°N 110.808306°W / 39.599753; -110.808306 (Price, Utah) 1922 Dedicated on May 22, 1922 in Hiawatha, Utah. Rededicated (with a plaque for World War II) on May 30, 1948. Relocated to Price, Utah, and rededicated on November 11, 1989.[4]
Main Plaza, near the Comal County Courthouse New Braunfels Texas 29°42′11″N 98°07′28″W / 29.703106°N 98.124522°W / 29.703106; -98.124522 (New Braunfels, Texas) 1937 Dedicated on November 11, 1937[5]
Edith Ort Thomas Elementary School Frenchtown New Jersey 40°32′02″N 75°03′45″W / 40.533894°N 75.062519°W / 40.533894; -75.062519 (Frenchtown, New Jersey) 1926 Rededicated November 11, 1995[6]
Allingham Park Vernon Texas 34°08′57″N 99°17′46″W / 34.149139°N 99.296169°W / 34.149139; -99.296169 (Vernon, Texas) 1926 Dedicated December 5, 1926. Unveiled December 14, 1926.[7]
Doughboy Square (formerly P. T. Barnum Square) Bethel Connecticut 41°22′17″N 73°24′40″W / 41.371422°N 73.411197°W / 41.371422; -73.411197 (Bethel, Connecticut) 1928 Restored and rededicated in 2016.[8][9]
Intersection of Main Street and Granite Avenue New Canaan Connecticut 42°01′35″N 73°19′41″W / 42.026304°N 73.328118°W / 42.026304; -73.328118 (New Canaan, Connecticut) 1928 Originally installed in front of the Town Hall (since demolished and relocated).[10]
Clearwater Memorial Causeway Park Clearwater Florida 27°57′45″N 82°48′10″W / 27.962466°N 82.802718°W / 27.962466; -82.802718 (Clearwater, Florida) 1927 First dedicated on November 11, 1927. Restored and rededicated on November 10, 2006. Another Viquesney statue, Spirit of the American Navy, is at this location.[11]
Veterans Memorial Park Palatka Florida 29°38′40″N 81°36′56″W / 29.644471°N 81.615578°W / 29.644471; -81.615578 (Palatka, Florida) 1927 Dedicated November 11, 1927. One of four total Viquesney statues located near Memorial Park Bridge. This one is on the east end of the bridge, on the north side of Highway 101. Upon completion of the new bridge in December 1976, the four were reinstalled in roughly the same locations.[12]
Veterans Memorial Park Palatka Florida 29°38′50″N 81°37′41″W / 29.647133°N 81.628083°W / 29.647133; -81.628083 (Palatka, Florida) 1927 Dedicated November 11, 1927. One of four total Viquesney statues located at both ends of Memorial Park Bridge. This one is on the west end of the bridge, on the north side of Highway 101. Upon completion of the new bridge in December 1976, the four were reinstalled in roughly the same locations.[13]
Intersection of Main Street and North Broadway Lincoln Maine 45°21′44″N 68°30′17″W / 45.362239°N 68.504754°W / 45.362239; -68.504754 (Lincoln, Maine) 1927 Dedicated May 29, 1927.[14]
Taylor Park St. Albans Vermont 44°48′39″N 73°04′57″W / 44.810792°N 73.082473°W / 44.810792; -73.082473 (St. Albans, Vermont) 1927 Dedicated November 11, 1923.[15]
Quintard Avenue median, between 12th and 13th Streets Anniston Alabama 33°39′37″N 85°49′36″W / 33.660358°N 85.826726°W / 33.660358; -85.826726 (Anniston, Alabama) 1921 Dedicated November 11, 1921.[16]
Bay Front Park Sarasota Florida 27°20′04″N 82°32′38″W / 27.334335°N 82.544024°W / 27.334335; -82.544024 (Sarasota, Florida) 1998 This is a copy of Viquesney's original, by Sarasota-resident sculptor Frank Colson.
At the North 20th Street entrance of Linn Park Birmingham Alabama 33°31′12″N 86°48′34″W / 33.520078°N 86.809350°W / 33.520078; -86.809350 (Birmingham, Alabama) 1923 Dedicated November 11, 1923.[17]
Putnam County Courthouse Greencastle Indiana 39°38′39″N 86°51′53″W / 39.644200°N 86.864700°W / 39.644200; -86.864700 (Greencastle, Indiana) 1927 Dedicated November 11, 1927.[18]
DeBardeleben Park Bessemer Alabama 33°23′59″N 86°57′19″W / 33.399600°N 86.955283°W / 33.399600; -86.955283 (Bessemer, Alabama) 1922 Originally located at the corner of 19th Street and Carolina Avenue, it was dedicated on November 11, 1922. It was moved to its current location in 1969. Restored and rededicated on November 11, 1999.
Mohave County Court House Kingman Arizona 35°11′31″N 114°03′09″W / 35.191900°N 114.052617°W / 35.191900; -114.052617 (Kingman, Arizona) 1922 Originally located at the corner of 19th Street and Carolina Avenue, it was dedicated on November 11, 1922. It was moved to its current location in 1969. Restored and rededicated on November 11, 1999.
Ellig-Stauffer American Legion Post No. 31 Fort Smith Arkansas 35°25′25″N 94°22′32″W / 35.42360713°N 94.37549636°W / 35.42360713; -94.37549636 (Fort Smith, Arkansas) 1930 Originally dedicated July 4, 1930 at the entrance to Lewis Tilles Park. Removed in the 1980s due to frequent vandalism. Restored and rededicated at its current location on Memorial Day, 1998. Listed on the US National Register in 1997.[19]
The intersection of Perry and Cherry Streets Helena Arkansas 34°31′45″N 90°35′10″W / 34.529200°N 90.586133°W / 34.529200; -90.586133 (Helena, Arkansas) 1927 Originally dedicated July 10, 1927. Added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 23, 1997, it is one of only two (the other is in Fort Smith, Arkansas) listed on the National Register.[20]
Evergreen Cemetery Colorado Springs Colorado 38°49′04″N 104°48′07″W / 38.817746°N 104.801883°W / 38.817746; -104.801883 (Colorado Springs, Colorado) 1922 Dedicated on Memorial Day, May 30, 1922.[21]

Break break

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10th Marine Regiment
10th Marine Regiment Insignia
Active25 April 1914 - present
Country United States
Branch United States Marine Corps
TypeArtillery Regiment
RoleProvide fires in support of 2nd Marine Division
Part of2nd Marine Division
II Marine Expeditionary Force
Garrison/HQMarine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Nickname(s)Fireball
Motto(s)King of Battle
Arm of Decision (Old)
EngagementsWorld War II
* Battle of Guadalcanal
* Battle of Saipan
* Battle of Tinian
* Battle of Okinawa
Operation Desert Storm
Operation Iraqi Freedom
* 2003 invasion of Iraq
Commanders
Current
commander		Col. Clifford J. Weinstein
Notable
commanders

The 10th Marine Regiment is an artillery regiment of the United States Marine Corps based at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. They fall under the command of the 2nd Marine Division and the II Marine Expeditionary Force.

Subordinate units

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Mission

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Provide fires in support of 2nd Marine Division using organic indirect fire assets while coordinating both lethal and non-lethal fires from other II Marine Expeditionary Force fire support agencies in order to suppress, neutralize or destroy the enemy.

History

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Early years

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10th Marines was originally activated at Vera Cruz, Mexico on 25 April 1914 as an artillery battalion under the 1st Marine Brigade.[23] The Artillery Battalion, as it was then designated, was formed in compliance with Colonel John A. Lejeune's Brigade Order Number 13. Then Major Robert H. Dunlap was designated as commander, with 12 officers and 406 enlisted men making up the 1st, 9th, and 13th Companies. The Artillery Battalion was withdrawn from Vera Cruz on 23 November 1914, returning to the United States in the transport City of Memphis, arriving at the Philadelphia Navy Yard on 3 December. Two days later, the battalion was transferred to the Marine Barracks, Annapolis, Maryland.[24]

The Artillery Battalion then took part in conflicts in Haiti and the Dominican Republic from August 1915 to May 1917. On 15 May 1917, it was redesignated as the 1st Field Artillery Battalion. The battalion was expanded throughout mid-1917, adding the 85th company on 18 July. On 1 August 1917, it was redesignated as the Mobile Artillery Force, and two more companies, the 91st and 92d, were added to the organization. Five months later, on 15 January 1918, the unit was redesignated as the 10th Regiment (Field Artillery). Robert H. Dunlap, now a Lieutenant Colonel, remained in command. Primarily due to the logistics difficulties in using the obsolete 3-inch guns assigned to the Regiment, and despite determined efforts by Dunlap, the 10th Marines did not see service in World War I.[24]

Between World War I and II, the Regiment changed size and designation and filled many different roles, including building their barracks and performing other construction efforts. In November 1924, all companies were renamed as batteries. During the early 1920s, the regiment participated in annual reenactments of Civil War battles: Battle of the Wilderness in 1921, Battle of Gettysburg in 1922, Battle of New Market in 1923, and Battle of Antietam in 1924. Elements served on both coasts, served on ships during fleet maneuvers and guarded mail in the Midwest. From June 1927 to October 1928, the regiment deployed to Tientsin, China. However, only portions of the regiment remained active until it was reactivated as 10th Marines on 27 December 1940 in San Diego, California.[24]

World War II

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In February 1941, amid growing concerns of Nazi Germany's growing expansion, the United States grew concerned over the security of the Azores. The War and Navy Departments were ordered to prepare to land and occupy them. Upon request of the British for this effort, the plan was approved for a combined force of 28,000 men from the Army and Marine Corps. Marine Major General Holland M. "Howling Mad" Smith was to be the commander and the 1st Marine Division comprised the Marine component. The 1st Marine Division was reinforced it with other units, including the 2nd Battalion 10th Marines, and sailed from San Diego on 31 May 1941. As the Marines sailed south to the Panama Canal on board the transports USS Heywood (AP 12), USS Fuller (AP 14), and USS William P. Biddle (AP 15), the situation regarding the Azores changed for the better. Rather than returning home the ships and their embarked Marines continued on to Charleston, South Carolina to be reinforced and refitted for service in Iceland.[24][25] On 16 June 1941 this new organization became the 1st Marine Brigade Provisional, under the command of Brigadier General John Marston. The unit’s mission was simple: “In cooperation with the British garrison, defend Iceland against hostile attack.”[26] By 9 March 1942, the artillery battalion had left Iceland to rejoin their Regiment at Camp Elliot, near San Diego, California.[25][27]

In January 1942, 1st Battalion 10th Marines, as part of 2nd Marine Brigade (Provisional) deployed to Pago Pago to defend American Samoa. For the next three months, the battalion helped prepare defenses, and trained and conditioned themselves for the fighting to come. While preparing for their assignment to the South Pacific, the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Battalions conducted concentrated training at an artillery training center near Niland, California.[24] In August 1942 the 3rd Battalion 10th Marines, attached to the 1st Marine Division, was one of the first units to land during the assault on Guadalcanal.[28][29]

The five battalions from 10th Marines took part in the bloody battles of Tarawa, Saipan, Tinian and Okinawa.[23] In September 1945, the Regiment deployed to Nagasaki, on the island of Kyūshū, to support the Occupation of Japan.[24] The 10th Marines remained there until being relieved by the U. S. Army's 24th Division during June 1946. It reached its new home, at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, in July.[28]

After World War II

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Leaving Japan in 1946, the 10th Marines found themselves at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, which would be their home until present day. As the Korean War started, the 10th Marines were working with a skeleton crew, but five months later they were fully mobilized and back up to wartime strength and ready to fight. Again, during the Cuban Missile Crisis, they were mobilized to participate in the blockade of Cuba.[24]

Modern-Day Activities

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Since the end of the Korean War, that time the Regiment has participated in exercises testing the methods of firing 155mm howitzers from landing craft, as well as the twice annual Fire Exercise at Fort Bragg, North Carolina. The Regiment has also continuously sent firing batteries and battalions to train in Okinawa; and to participate in CAX, a desert training operation held at Twenty-Nine Palms, California on the edge of the Mojave Desert; and to northern Norway in support of NATO training exercises.[24]

First Gulf War

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In January 1990, the Regiment deployed to Saudi Arabia in support of Operation Desert Shield. The Regiment was tasked with providing fire support for the 2nd Marine Division in the war to oust Iraqi forces from occupied Kuwait.

Global War on Terrorism

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10th Marines deployed to Kuwait in early 2003 and provided fire support for Task Force Tarawa during the 2003 Invasion of Iraq. Since 2003, the Regiment has continued to deploy battalion headquarters units and their subordinate batteries to Iraq to provide fire support and sometimes also act as provisional rifle companies especially in the Al Anbar province of western part of the country. Units of the regiment also continue to deploy to Afghanistan in support of Operation Enduring Freedom.

See also

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References

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Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Marine Corps.
  1. ^ "The Spirit of the American Doughboy Marker". The Historical Marker database. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  2. ^ "The Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Columbia, South Carolina)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  3. ^ "The Doughboy, (Payette, Idaho)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  4. ^ "Doughboy, (Price, Utah)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  5. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (New Braunfels, Texas)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  6. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Frenchtown, New Jersey)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  7. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Vernon, Texas)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  8. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Bethel, Connecticut)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 10, 2017.
  9. ^ Perkins, Julia (July 11, 2016). "Bethel's doughboy statue to be repaired". The News-Times. Danbury, Connecticut: Hearst Media Services. Retrieved 10 April 2017.
  10. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Bethel, Connecticut)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  11. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Clearwater, Florida)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  12. ^ "Outdoor Sculpture - Florida - Palatka". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  13. ^ "Outdoor Sculpture - Florida - Palatka". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  14. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Lincoln, Maine)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  15. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (St. Albans, Vermont)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  16. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Anniston, Alabama)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  17. ^ "Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Birmingham, Alabama)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  18. ^ "The Spirit of the American Doughboy, (Greencastle, Indiana)". Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
  19. ^ "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  20. ^ Kelley, Ron (November 12, 2015). "Doughboy to get bayonet back". The Helena Arkansas Daily World. GateHouse Media. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  21. ^ "Colorado Springs, Colorado Viquesney Doughboy Statue". The E. M. Viquesney Doughboy database. Retrieved 11 April 2017.
  22. ^ "Yearly Chronologies of the United States Marine Corps - 1989". U.S. Marine Corps Historical Division. Retrieved 28 April 2015.
  23. ^ a b "10th Marines Lineage and Honors" (PDF). United States Marine Corps. Retrieved 17 March 2015.
  24. ^ a b c d e f g h Buckner, Maj. David N. (1981). Marine Corps Historical Division (ed.). A Brief History of the 10th Marines (PDF). Washington D.C.: United States Marine Corps. 19000308400.
  25. ^ a b Hough, Frank O.; Ludwig, Verle E.; Shaw, Henry I. (1958). ​​​Pearl Harbor to Guadalcanal: History of U.S. Marine Corps Operations in World War II (PDF). Vol. 1. Washington, D.C.: Historical Branch, G-3 Division, Headquarters, U. S. Marine Corps. Retrieved 27 April 2015. {{cite book}}: zero width space character in |title= at position 1 (help)
  26. ^ "World War II Marine Corps Shoulder Patches". United States Marine Corps Historical Division. United States Marine Corps. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  27. ^ Melson, Charles D. (1996). Condition Red: Marine Defense Battalions in World War II (PDF). Washington, D.C.: Marine Corps Historical Center.
  28. ^ a b Crawford, Danny J.; Aquilina, Robert V.; Ferrante, Ann A.; Kaljot, Lena M.; Gramblin, Sheila P. (2001). The 2d Marine Division and Its Regiments (PDF). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Marine Corps History and Museums Division. pp. 60–73. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
  29. ^ Johnston, Richard W. (1987). Follow me! : the story of the Second Marine Division in World War II. Nashville, Tenn.: Battery Press. ISBN 0898390990.
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