User:JustinePorto/Public toilets in Vietnam
| Public toilets in Vietnam | |
|---|---|
 Squat toilet on the train with grab bar. White hose on bottom left is the Vietnamese bidet. | |
| Language of toilets | |
| Local words | WC |
| Men's toilets | Men |
| Women's toilets | Women |
| Public toilet statistics | |
| Toilets per 100,000 people | ??? (2021) |
| Total toilets | ?? |
| Public toilet use | |
| Type | Western style sit toilet |
| Locations | ??? |
| Average cost | ??? |
| Often equipped with | ??? |
| Percent accessible | ??? |
| Date first modern public toilets | ??? |
| . | |
Public toilets in Vietnam often do not provide toilet paper as people use water to clean themselves instead.
Public toilets
[edit]Toilet paper is rarely provided as people are expected to use water to clean themselves instead as using water is viewed as more hygienic that using paper. In some places, this means there is a jug of water next to the toilet for that purpose. In other places, there are hand held hoses attached to the toilet that can be used to clean intimate areas. These are often attached to the wall. Sometimes, toilet paper is provided for the purpose of drying yourself after using the toilet hose.[1][2] Some trains in Vietnam have public toilets that are little more than tiny rooms with holes cut in the floor. When people urinate or defecate, the material falls to the tracks below.[3]
Open defecation and sanitation
[edit]In 2001, 73% of affluent families in Vietnam had access to sanitary toilets while 12% of poor families did not.[4]
Regional and global situation impacting public toilets in Vietnam
[edit]Public toilet access around the world is most acute in the Global South, with around 3.6 billion people, 40% of the world's total population, lacking access to any toilet facilities. 2.3 people in the the Global South do not have toilet facilities in their residence. Despite the fact that the United Nation made a declaration in 2010 that clean water and sanitation is a human right, little has been done in many places towards addressing this on a wider level.[5] Around 675 million people in South Asia practiced open defecation in 2016. This was more than any other region in the world.[6]
Public toilet access has been used intentionally in South Asia to exclude certain segments of the population from participating in public life.[7] Western public toilet standards including privatization and limited opening hours disadvantage women when implemented in countries in the Far East.[8]
Many schools around the world in 2018 did not have toilets, with the problem particularly acute in parts of Africa and Asia. Only one in five primary schools on earth had a toilet and only one in eight secondary schools had public toilets.[9]
ASEAN developed a plan in 2002 that they asked to be implemented in member countries to expand public toilet access across the countries it represents. The goal was in part to help expand tourist infrastructure and improve regional economics. [5]
In many places in rural Asia, having toilets in a house is considered unclean. As a result, toilets are often located outside the main building for a residence or people practice open defecation because of a lack of toilet access in their homes.[2]
Across Southeast Asia in places where Western style flush toilets are found, many do not have toilet seats. These toilets may also not automatically flush, requiring manual flushing.[10]
Toilet paper and flush toilets were introduced relatively recently in many parts of Asia. They often are not found in public toilets, and may only be found in hotels catering to international guests and wealth clients.[2] Many youth hostels and hotels catering to backpackers in Asia do not provide toilet paper.[2]
Toilets can often be found on more modern long distance buses in Asia. For shorter trips or on older buses, they are much less common. Where toilets are not available on long distance buses, buses often make stops for toilet breaks. Sometimes the stops are in open fields.[2] Western style sit toilets are more popular among the emerging middle and upper class around the world.[11]
References
[edit]- ^ Groundwater, Ben (2020-03-23). "Seven places where you'll never have to worry about toilet paper". Traveller. Retrieved 2022-10-25.
- ^ a b c d e Guides, Rough (2010-02-01). The Rough Guide to First-Time Asia. Rough Guides UK. ISBN 978-1-84836-573-5.
- ^ Groundwater, Ben (2018-10-31). "The best, and worst, toilets all travellers with have to deal with". Traveller. Retrieved 2022-10-25.
- ^ Evans, B. E.; Haller, L.; Hutton, G. (2004). "Closing the Sanitation Gap: The Case for Better Public Funding of Sanitation and Hygiene". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 2022-10-28.
- ^ a b Glassman, Stephanie; Firestone, Julia (May 2022). "Restroom Deserts: Where to go when you need to go" (PDF). AARP.
- ^ Lijster, Michiel de. "10 Reasons We Should Care About Toilets". blogs.adb.org. Retrieved 2022-10-16.
- ^ Das, Maitreyi Bordia (19 November 2017). "The tyranny of toilets". World Bank. Retrieved 14 October 2022.
- ^ Coles, Anne; Gray, Leslie; Momsen, Janet (2015-02-20). The Routledge Handbook of Gender and Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-09478-3.
- ^ Associated Press (19 November 2018). "World Toilet Day Highlights Global Sanitation Crisis". VOA. Retrieved 10 October 2022.
- ^ Groundwater, Ben (2018-10-31). "The best, and worst, toilets all travellers with have to deal with". Traveller. Retrieved 2022-10-25.
- ^ Coles, Anne; Gray, Leslie; Momsen, Janet (2015-02-20). The Routledge Handbook of Gender and Development. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-09478-3.
