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Early History

Jawaharlal Nehru was born on November 14, 1889, in Allahabad, British India. His fathers name is Motilal Nehru and was a famous lawyer and a notable lieutenant. Nehru was the first prime minister of India and a leader of India's nationalist movement. He was taught education at home until he was 16. After, he continued his education at Harrow school, then went on to Trinity College in England. After getting a natural science, he went on to study law at inner temple in London. When he returned home, Nehru married four years later to Kamala Kaul with a daughter named Indira Nehru, who eventually became a Gandhi. Vijaya akshmi Pandit, Nehru's sister was the first women to become President of the UN General assembly. In 1928, Nehru was elected for President of the Indian National congress.

Entering politics

Later on, Nehru was kept in prison by the British for disobedience. During his sentence in prison, he started to study Marxism but was sickened by some methods but adjusted to India's Conditions. He was moved by Gandhi's Non-cooperation movement and how Gandhi fought for the Indians right.

World war II

The world war II started in September of 1939. Which started because the British committed India to war without advising the now-autonomous provincial ministries. Gandhi's reply contributed a civil disobedience movement which led him and Nehru into jail again. Nehru was released 3 days before the bombing of Pearl Harbor. The Japanese then moved near the border and the British wanted India to go into combat with them but all Gandhi and Nehru wanted was to have Independence which led them their third time in jail. After his release Nehru had an extreme excitement between the congress party and the Muslim league who had the same views as Gandhi and Nehru. After Louis Mountbatten, the last British viceroy was charged for finalizing British road maps, Nehru and the Muslim league divided India to create Pakistan in 1947. Afterwards, Nehru became the first prime minister of Independence of India.

Nehru's Foreign Policy

Nehru continued his support for India's independence. By doing this Nehru created this foreign policy to have their own strategies to deal with other countries. He led newly independent India from 1947 to 1964 and the U.S and the Soviet Union competed for India to be a ally though the Cold War. Nehru observed trends in modern world politics and also looked into other states foreign policies for other idea's. His policies were characterized by a ideological view that includes, nonalignment, racism, panchsheel, and colonialism. He eventually choose two Ideological aspects. The first aspect he choose was to have an identity for India without an open commitment to the United States and the Soviet Union, which led to the Non-Alignment movement. The second aspect of Nehru's foreign policy was to have the faith of goodwill and honesty in dealing with international affairs. His faith was demolished after the attack of the Chinese in 1962. This made Nehru have a psychological shock, which potentially led to his death.

role in freedom struggle

Nehru had many roles in the freedom of India's Independence which are, participating in the national congress that led to his presidency. Also engaging in the Besant's home rule movement, which set the stage for the national movement for the leader Gandhi. Nehru embrace his political career in the wake of Jallianwallah bagh massacre. Being in jail opened up a new understanding of Gandhian philosophy. He then became more inspired with Gandhi's approach of helping with India's independence.

The first prime minister of independent India

Throughout Nehru's years as a prime minister, he achieved plenty of accomplishments including, secularism, which is the separation between the state and religious institutions. He also incorporated modern thoughts and values to the table as a prime minister. Other accomplishments he achieved are making religion and ethnic point of views, making modern technology changes and has the respect for democrats. During his sentence, he was proud of making new changes of the Hindu Civil Code. For his 5-year plan, he promised education for all the children of India and also set institutions of higher education, which include medical and technology institutions.