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Before the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices existed for transmitting speech and music over a greater distance greater than that of normal direct speech.

Before the invention of electromagnetic telephones, mechanical acoustic devices existed for transmitting speech and music over a greater distance. This distance was greater than that of normal direct speech.

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Some of the earliest known experiments were conducted by the British physicist and polymath Robert Hooke from 1664 to 1685.

Some of the earliest known experiments were conducted by the British physicist and polymath, Robert Hooke, from 1664 to 1685.

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When the Bell telephone patents expired and many new telephone manufacturers began competing, acoustic telephone makers quickly went out of business.

When the Bell telephone patents expired and many new telephone manufacturers began competing, acoustic telephone makers quickly went out of business.

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Women were regarded as the most frequent users of the telephone.

Telephone companies started to see little improvement in revenue and sales. Women began being hired by companies to replace the previously all-male workplace. This started the integration of women as telephone operators.[1]

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women working as telephone operators in the 1950s

In 1800, the first female operator was hired in Montreal. This started the integration of women as telephone operators.[1] In many cases, an operator's role was to be a mediator. The submissive and passive traits that were attributed to women displayed them as the more appealing suitors for the job.

Feminine labor such as communicators and mediators became attributed to woman whereas the mechanical labors of operating remained men's work.

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References

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  1. ^ a b Martin, Michèle (1988). "Feminisation of the Labour Process in the Communication Industry: The Case of the Telephone Operators, 1876-1904". Labour / Le Travail. 22: 139. doi:10.2307/25143030.