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Anatole A. Klyosov is a Russian-born scientist who spent most of his career developing ways to use enzymes to convert agricultural waste products into useful products and to develop pharmaceuticals. He immigrated to the US during the administration of Mikhail Gorbachev. He is working on a field he named "DNA genealogy" that is a pseudoscientific version of genetic genealogy and human evolutionary genetics.

Career

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Klyosov earned Ph.D. and D.Sc. degrees in physical chemistry, and an M.S. degree in enzyme kinetics, from Moscow State University.[1] In the late 1970s he worked at Harvard University; he was offered a contract to keep working there but the USSR government would not allow him to take it and he remained in the USSR.[2]

From 1981 to 1990, he was professor and head of the Carbohydrates Research Laboratory at the A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, USSR Academy of Sciences.[3] In the winter of 1982/1983 he became the first person behind the Iron Curtain who was allowed by the government of the USSR to use the computer network that later became the Internet, in order for him to represent the USSR in a conference hosted on the network; he used a computer hosted on Institute's network.[2] He said that he developed methods to use enzymes to convert cotton plant waste products into glucose and by 1983 a pilot plant had been built in the USSR to test these methods.[4] He was awarded the USSR State Prize in Science and Technology in 1984.[5] In 1989 he was made a fellow of the World Academy of Art and Science[6]

After Mikhail Gorbachev came to power Klyosov immigrated to the US,[2] and from 1990 to 1998, he was a visiting professor of biochemistry at the Center for Biochemical and Biophysical Sciences at Harvard Medical School.[3]

In 1991 he started a consulting business called MIR International.[7][8]

From 1996 to 2006 Klyosov worked at a subsidiary of Kadant, where he applied enzymology to processing of waste products from the paper-making industry, and following advice from a friend in the plastics industry, helped create a business that used cellulose granules as filler material for plastic composite products.[1][9]

In 2001 he helped found Pro-Pharmaceuticals, a company that was formed to use enzymes to add carbodydrates to existing cancer drugs to make them work better, and was caught up in scandal in 2004 when the company's investors accused its CEO of misrepresenting his role in the company.[10] He joined the company as Chief Scientific Officer in 2006.[1] Pro-Pharmaceuticals named a new CEO in March 2011,[11] and gave Klyosov a one year contract to continue as CSO the same month.[12] The company was renamed as Galectin Therapeutics in May 2011.[13] He then became a member of the company's scientific advisory board.[3]

"DNA genealogy"

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From 2008[14] Klyosov became also known for what he calls "DNA genealogy", a new discipline aimed to synthesize anthropology, linguistics and archaeology and implement methods of chemical kinetics in genetics.[15] Between 2010 and 2016 Klyosov published 10 books in the field, characterized as a "patriotic science" in which he made "outlandish claims",[15][16] and used erroneous methods.[17] These books and related journal publications describing "DNA genealogy" are considered pseudoscience with respect to genetic genealogy and human evolutionary genetics and have been characterized by Russian scientists as "DNA demagoguery”.[15][17][18] In some of his writings on DNA genealogy Klyosov tried to refute the Out of Africa hypothesis and proposed his alternative Into Africa theory.[19]

Klyosov is the founder and president of the Academy of DNA Genealogy[15] and self-publishes its proceedings via Lulu.[20]

In 2013 Klyosov became editor-in-chief of the journal Advances in Anthropology, published by Scientific Research Publishing,[19][15][21] after a mass resignation of editors from the journal.[22]

Publications

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Books in English

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  • Klyosov, A. A. (2007). Wood-Plastic Composites. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470165928. (Translated to Chinese, Science Press, China, 2010; translated to Russian, НОТ Publishing House, 2010, 736 с.)
  • Wingard, L. B. Jr; Berezin, I. V.; Klyosov, A. A., eds. (1980). Enzyme Engineering. N.Y.: Plenum Press.
  • Klyosov, A. A.; Witczak, Z. J.; Platt, D., eds. (2006). Carbohydrate Drug Design. ACS symposium series (Vol 932). Washington DC: American Chemical Society. ISBN 9780841239463.
  • Klyosov, A. A.; Witczak, Z. J.; Platt, D., eds. (2008). Galectins. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470377789.
  • Klyosov, A. A., ed. (2012). Glycobiology and Drug Design. ACS symposium series (Vol 1102). Washington DC: American Chemical Society.
  • Klyosov, A. A.; Traber, P. G., eds. (2013). Galectins and Disease Implications for Targeted Therapeutics. ACS symposium series (Vol 1115). Washington DC: American Chemical Society. ISBN 9780841228801.

Books in Russian

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Enzymology

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  • Berezin, I. V.; Klyosov, A. A. (1976). Практический курс химической и ферментативной кинетики [Practical Course of Chemical and Enzymatic Kinetics] (in Russian). Moscow University Press.
  • Klyosov, A. A.; Berezin, I. V. (1980). Ферментативный катализ. Т. 1 [Enzyme Catalysis, Vol. 1] (in Russian). Moscow University Press.
  • Klyosov, A. A. (1984). Ферментативный катализ. Т. 2 [Enzyme Catalysis, Vol. 2] (in Russian). Moscow University Press.
  • Berezin, I. V.; Klyosov, A. A.; et al. (1987). Egorov, N. S.; Samuilov, V. D. (eds.). Биотехнология. Кн. 8: Инженерная энзимология [Biotechnology. Book 8: Engineering Enzymology] (in Russian). Москва: Высшая школа.

"DNA genealogy"

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  • Klyosov, A. A.; Tyunyayev, A. A. (2010). Происхождение человека (по данным археологии, антропологии и ДНК-генеалогии) [Origin of Man (according to archaeology, anthropology and DNA genealogy)] (in Russian). Москва: Белые Альвы. ISBN 978-5-91464-040-5.
  • Кљосов, A. A. (2013). Порекло Словена. Осврти на ДНК-генеалогију [Origin of Slavs. Essays in DNA Genealogy] (in Serbian). Београд: Мирослав.
    • Klyosov, A. A. (2015). Происхождение славян и других народов. Очерки ДНК-генеалогии [Origin of Slavs and Other Peoples. Essays in DNA Genealogy] (in Russian). Москва: Алгоритм. ISBN 978-5-4438-0978-6.
  • Klyosov, A. A. (2013). Происхождение славян. ДНК-генеалогия против "норманнской теории" [Origin of Slavs. DNA Genealogy Against the "Norman Theory"] (in Russian). Москва: Алгоритм. ISBN 978-5-4438-0324-1.
  • Klyosov, A. A. (2016). Кому мешает ДНК-генеалогия? Ложь, инсинуации, и русофобия в современной российской науке [Who is Against DNA Genealogy? Lies, Insinuations and Russophobia in modern Russian science] (in Russian). Москва: Книжный мир. ISBN 978-5-8041-0842-8.

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Press Release: Pro-Pharmaceuticals Announces the Appointment of Anatole Klyosov, Ph.D., D.Sc. as Chief Scientist". Pro-Pharmaceuticals via the Free Online Library. January 13, 2006.
  2. ^ a b c "Internet-Pionier Kljosow: Genosse Online". SPIEGEL ONLINE. 22 October 2010. Retrieved 15 October 2014.
  3. ^ a b c "Galectin Therapeutics Advisory Board". Retrieved 16 October 2014.
  4. ^ "Russians catch the nu-food bug". New Scientist: 543. 26 May 1983.
  5. ^ Pravda newspaper, November 7, 1984, front page
  6. ^ "World Academy of Art and Science".
  7. ^ "Business Entity Summary for: MIR INTERNATIONAL, INC". Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth. Retrieved 2016-06-22.
  8. ^ "Annual report: MIR INTERNATIONAL, INC" (PDF). Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth. Retrieved 2016-06-22.
  9. ^ Schut, Jan H. (October 2004). "From Paper-Mill Sludge to Plastic Decking". Plastics Technology.
  10. ^ Krasner, Jeffrey (March 14, 2004). "David Platt wants to cure cancer. Can his company avoid life support?". Boston Globe.
  11. ^ "Press Release: Pro-Pharmaceuticals Names Peter G. Traber, M.D., Former Glaxosmithkline Chief Medical Officer & President Emeritus Of Baylor College Of Medicine, President & Chief Executive Officer (Nasdaq:Galt)". Galectin Therapeutics. March 9, 2011.
  12. ^ "Form 8-K, Exhibit Exhibit 10.1: Amended Employment Agreement dated 03/31/2011 between the Co.and Anatole Klyosov". SEC Edgar. April 6, 2011. See 8-K index page
  13. ^ Lang, Michelle (May 26, 2011). "Pro-Pharmaceuticals renames to Galectin Therapeutics". Boston Business Journal.
  14. ^ Lebedev, V. P. [in Russian] (2013-02-03). "Праславяне на слонах покоряют мир (Стеб Задорнова и наука Клесова)" [Protoslavs on Elephants Conquer the World (Zadornov's Banter and Klyosov's Science)] (in Russian). Lebed (almanac). Retrieved 2017-01-09. Шел 2008 г, начало карьеры Клесова с его наукой про ДНК-генеалогию = It was 2008, the beginning of Klyosov's career with his science about DNA-genealogy.
  15. ^ a b c d e Balanovskaya, E. V.; et al. (2015-01-13). "ДНК-демагогия Анатолия Клёсова" [Anatoly Klyosov's DNA-demagogy] (in Russian). TrV-Science.
  16. ^ Antonova, Maria (November 29, 2016). "Putin's Great Patriotic Pseudoscience". Foreign Policy.
  17. ^ a b Balanovsky, O. P. (2015). "Лженаучные дискуссии" [Pseudoscientific discussions]. Генофонд Европы [Gene pool of Europe] (in Russian). KMK Scientific Press. pp. 64–66. ISBN 9785990715707.
  18. ^ Klein, L. S. (2015). "Опасная ДНК-демагогия Клёсова" [Klyosov's dangerous DNA-demagogy] (PDF). In Aleksandrov, E. B.; Efremov, Yu. N. (eds.). В защиту науки [In defense of science] (in Russian). Vol. Bulletin No.15 of Commission on pseudoscience and research fraud of Russian Academy of Sciences. Moscow: Nauka. pp. 29–49. ISBN 978-5-02-039148-2. Retrieved 2016-04-26.
  19. ^ a b "Problematical theories". UCL, Molecular and Cultural Evolution Lab. Retrieved 2016-10-22.
  20. ^ Klein, L. S. (2015). "Происхождение славян, версия биохимическая" [The origin of the Slavs, version biochemical]. Российский археологический ежегодник N 5 [Russian Archaeological Yearbook No 5] (PDF) (in Russian). pp. 651–664.
  21. ^ "The Chinese Publisher SCIRP (Scientific Research Publishing): A Publishing Empire Built on Junk Science". Scholarly Open Access. 2014. Archived from the original on 2016-06-16.
  22. ^ Beall, Jeffrey. "An Editorial Board Mass-Resignation — from an Open-Access Journal".
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Category:Genetic genealogy Category:Russian genealogists Category:1946 births Category:Living people Category:Russian physical chemists Category:Pseudohistorians

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