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"Fabritius Clarus" redirects here. Not to be confused with Carel Fabritius (1622–1654), a Dutch painter.
Derivatives of Nicolas Poussin's drawing Venus and Mercury with Children
Venus en Mercurius, RP-P-OB-35.922.jpg
Painting by Poussin Etching by Fabrizio Chiari

Fabrizio Chiari (c.1615–1695[1][2][3][n 1]) was an Italian painter and engraver who spent his entire life in Rome.[1] Little of known of his life; Nicola Pio [Wikidata]'s short biography is unreliable.[1][4] Allegedly self-taught, his early works were copied from Nicholas Poussin and Domenichino and he retained their classicism while later influenced by Pietro da Cortona.[1][8] He did commissions for the Barberini family,[9] and foreign clients including Christina of Sweden.[1] He was in the team under Cortona which decorated the Quirinal Palace in 1656–7.[10] According to Pietro Santi Bartoli, Chiari salvaged fragments of the funerary urn of Marcia Otacilia Severa, found during renovations to Santa Maria in Via Lata.[11]

Chiari was active in the Accademia di San Luca, as an associate from 1635 and fellow from 1655.[1] He was also a member of the Virtuosi al Pantheon.[12] In 1669, Chiari, Giovanni Maria Morandi and Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi were appointed by the Accademia to investigate how to fix the degradation of the altarpiece of its chapel, St Luke Painting the Virgin;[13] attributed to Raphael, it was replaced by a 1623 copy by Antiveduto Grammatica.[14] In 1673, Chiari was among the Accademia's lecturers in life drawing,[15] and in 1682 he replaced Morandi in the jury of the its student competition.[16] The Accademia has an anonymous portrait of Chiari in middle age.[17] Pio's unpublished biography of Chiari was to be illustrated with a drawing by Filippo Minei, which has not been located.[18] Works bequeathed by Chiari to the Accademia have been lost.[12]

Works

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Chiari's early etchings from drawings by Nicolas Poussin are described by Michael Bryan as "executed in a scratchy but masterly style".[19] Some of Chiari's church paintings mentioned by Filippo Titi are no longer known.[1]

Works by Fabrizio Chiari
Work Type Date Location Notes
Mars and Venus Etching 1635 Multiple prints[n 2] Based on a Poussin drawing now in the Louvre,[24] from which Poussin later made a painting now in MFA Boston.[n 3][26][27] Signed "Fabritius Clarus" 1635.[19]
Venus and Mercury Etching 1636 Multiple prints[n 4] Based on a Poussin drawing now in the Louvre,[30] from which Poussin later made a painting now in Dulwich Picture Gallery.[31] Signed "Chlarus".[19] Bryan lists Venus and Adonis separately, with signature "Nicolaus Pussinus".[19]
Venus and Cupid, also called The Sleeping Nymph.[32] Etching Multiple prints[n 5] An original work,[35] signed "Fabrit. Cla. inv. scul."[32]
Sacrifice of Iphigenia Etching After Domenichino's fresco in the Villa Giustiniani Odescalchi [it]. Ascription uncertain.[12]
St Martin Dividing his Cloak with the Beggar Painting 1640s San Martino ai Monti, Rome altarpiece.[36] This is a different design from his drawing of the same subject.[37]
St Martin Dividing his Cloak with the Beggar Drawing Teylers Museum, Haarlem, Netherlands[38] See also the painting.
Portrait of Sir Cardinal Pamphili, today Prince Painting by 1647 Lost Depicted Camillo Francesco Maria Pamphili as a cardinal,[39] an office he resigned in 1647.
Prophet reading a scroll with hebrew letters Painting Doria Pamphilj Gallery, Rome [39]
The Baptism of Christ Fresco 1640s San Martino ai Monti, Rome overpainted in the 18th century by Antonio Cavallucci.[36]
Allegory in Honour of King Ferdinand of Hungary Drawing 1648 Royal Collection Trust, Windsor[2] An engraving by Cornelis Blomaert was the frontispiece to a book dedicated by Fryderyk Kottulinsky to Ferdinand of Hungary.[40]
Society of Jesus crest with cherubs Drawing Engraved by "Cō. Cauc." as frontispiece for several works of Giovanni Stefano Menochio.[41][42]
Ignatius Loyola and Saint Patrick with Hibernia[43][44][45] Drawing by 1673[45] Engraved by Carlo Camassei.[46] The only known copy is in the Franciscan Archives, University College Dublin.[45]
John of Jesus and Mary, Peter of the Mother of God, Dominic of Jesus and Mary, and Ferdinand of Holy Mary Rowing the Ship of Teresian Reform to Rome Drawing by 1668 An engraving by A. Clouet was the frontispiece to a 1668 history of the Discalced Carmelites.[47][48]
The Crucifixion Painting Originally Santi Cecilia e Biagio dei Materassari, Rome[49] Now lost. When Our Lady of the Divine Love by Gioacchino Bombelli was placed at the altar in the 19th century the former altarpiece, St. Blaise removing a fishbone from a child's windpipe by Sigismondo Rosa was moved to the side altar, displacing Chiari's painting.
Holy Trinity, Sant'Agostino and Santa Monica Painting 1651 Augustinian church of SS. Trinità, Viterbo [10]
Assumption and Coronation of the Virgin Painting 1654 originally Regina Coeli convent chapel, Rome Lost when the chapel was demolished in the 1870s[1]
Death of St Anne Painting 1654 originally Regina Coeli convent chapel, Rome Turned up in 2012[50] and sold in 2019 for $30,000 at Sotheby's.[51]
Mary Magdalene Painting Santi Celso e Giuliano, Rome [10]
Apollonia matrona Romana burying St Anastasia Painting Sant'Anastasia al Palatino, Rome The painting, photographed in 1937 in the chapel of SS. Joseph and Jerome, has since been lost. Chiari worked under Lazzaro Baldi.[52]
St. Thomas of Villanova Distributing Alms Painting 1658 Santa Maria del Popolo, Rome To mark the canonization of Thomas of Villanova.[53] See also the drawing in the Museum of New Zealand. Originally placed in the Thomas of Villanova Chapel, it was moved near the sacristy when Casimiro Brugnone de Rossi redecorated the chapel from 1858.
St. Thomas of Villanova Distributing Alms Drawing c.1658 Museum of New Zealand[54] See also the painting in Santa Maria del Popolo.
Life of Matilda of Tuscany Fresco By 1659 Originally in the Villa Borghese, Rome Seen in the Villa Borghese by the English traveller Francis Mortoft in March 1659.[55][7]
Ceiling Fresco 1663 Sala dell'Accademia, Palace of Christina of Sweden, Lungara, Rome In collaboration with Antonio Gherardi and Giovanni Bonati. The palace was demolished to make way for the Palazzo Corsini.[56]
Madonna en Kind met Domenicus en Catharina van Siena Drawing Teylers Museum, Haarlem, Netherlands [57]
The Chariot of Apollo[n 6] Fresco 1675 Sala degli Specchi (Hall of Mirrors) of the Palazzo Altieri, Rome The cornices of the Altieri ceiling, unusually for the subject, depict the four ages of man rather than the four seasons.[59][60]
La Translation du corps de saint Marc Fresco San Marco, Rome Fourth fresco on the left of the central nave above columns.[61][62] an anonymous 18C copy drawing is in the Louvre.[63]
Jacob's meeting with Esau Fresco Sala Gialla (Yellow Room), Gallery of Alexander VII, Quirinale Palace, Rome [64]
"Patience, Tolerance, Discretion" Fresco 1678 San Carlo al Corso, Rome First fresco on the left of the vault of the ambulatory.[62][10][65] According to Titi, the figure of "Tolerance" was by Ludovico Gimignani.[66]
Group of nudes flanking sacrificial braziers Fresco Gallery of Alexander VII, Quirinale Palace, Rome A grisaille fresco recovered from overpainting in the 2010s.[67]
Finding of Moses Painting bought by Cardinal Antonio Barberini.[68]
Alexander receiving Medicine from Philip of Acarnania Drawing signed 'fabrizio chiari' (verso) and with inscription 'N Poussin' on the mount. Sold by Christie's.[69]
Charles Spinola being burned at the stake Drawing Engraved by V. Guigou.[70]
History of Philip IV of Spain Decoration 1665 San Giacomo degli Spagnoli, Rome The church façades were covered for Philip's memorial service with an overall design by Giovanni Francesco Grimaldi. Chiari's paintings on the side facing Sapienza University are sketched in the engraving by Teresa del Pò included in the service's commemorative volume.[71][72][73][74]
St. Thomas of Villanova in glory Two painted silk banners Sant'Agostino, Rome and Valencia Cathedral Hung from the dome of St. Peter's Basilica, Rome during the saint's canonization service.[75]
St. Francis Trinità dei Monti, Rome Either Francis de Sales or Francis of Paola or both:
  • Refectory panels with apotheoses of SS Francis of Paola and Francis de Sales; possibly of one piece with the ceiling "Glory of the Trinity with Saints" which is by Andrea Pozzo
  • chapel of Francis de Sales was rededicated to Madeleine Sophie Barat in 1906; Heinecken says Thiboust engraved Chiari's Sales; Titi (1763) says chiaroscuro paintings of the saint's miracles had gone .[76]
  • Francis of Paola chapel had frescoes by Chiari of which only two angels in the entrance arch spandrels remain.
Predica di san Giovanni Battista Painting 1673-4 Collezione Carpegna, Vatican Museums Many members of the Academy of San Luca collaborated, each painting one figure.[77]
Decoration Jesuit novitiate, Sant'Andrea al Quirinale, Rome Chiari decorated the reconstruction of St Stanislaus Kostka's room.[78][n 7]
Allegorical Composition—A female figure writing beneath a tree, surrounded by putti and musical instruments Drawing Pen and wash; sold by Frederick Pickles, esq., at Sotheby's in 1928.[80]
Allegorical Subject—Love as a female figure with a lyre in one hand and an arrow in the other, a satyr chained at her feet Drawing Pencil, 9 inches by 6; in the Wilton Collection of Prints of Sidney Herbert, 14th Earl of Pembroke, sold at Sotheby's in 1917.[81]
Betrothal of Dido and Aeneas Painting by 1679 Formerly in Hôtel Lambert, Paris Attributed to Chiari in a 1679 inventory; it is now lost, and its true author uncertain.[82][83]
Nativity Sold in London for £5 in 1937 and £15 in 1938.[84]

Uncompleted works

[edit]

Chiari was commissioned to paint frescoes in the Virtuosi's confraternity chapel in the Pantheon, but in his absence Francesco Cozza did this from 1659.[85]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Pellegrino Antonio Orlandi and Nicola Pio give 1621 as his birth year.[4][5][6] Friedrich Noack states this is impossible given that he was active by 1635.[7]
  2. ^ Examples in the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art,[20] Victoria and Albert Museum,[21] Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco,[22] and two in the British Museum.[23]
  3. ^ Doris Wild suggested the painting was also by Chiari.[25]
  4. ^ Example in the British Museum,[28] and two in the Rijksmuseum, one reversed.[29]
  5. ^ Examples in British Museum,[33] and Rijksmuseum.[34]
  6. ^ Not to be confused with the ceiling fresco of the same name in the Palazzo Barberini by Giuseppe Bartolomeo Chiari.[58]
  7. ^ The reconstruction in the novitiate is distinct from the side-chapel dedicated to Stanislaus Kostka within the church.[79]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Fattorosi Barnaba 1980.
  2. ^ a b Royal Collection Trust n.d.
  3. ^ Mossakowski 2009, p. 40.
  4. ^ a b Pio 1977.
  5. ^ Orlandi 1719, p. 147.
  6. ^ Orlandi & Guarienti 1763, p. 143.
  7. ^ a b Noack, Friedrich (1909). "Chiari, Fabrizio". Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Kunstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Vol. 6. Leipzig: Seemann. p. 484.
  8. ^ Fidanza & 2010 127.
  9. ^ Dunn 1997, p. zzz.
  10. ^ a b c d cassiciaco.it n.d.
  11. ^ Bartoli 1741, p. 307.
  12. ^ a b c Martin 2009.
  13. ^ De Luca 2017, p. 345 f.12.
  14. ^ Turismo Roma 2020.
  15. ^ Brook, Carolina; Camboni, Elisa; Consoli, Gian Paolo; Moschini, Francesco; Pasquali, Susanna (2016). Roma-Parigi: accademie a confronto : l'Accademia di San Luca e gli artisti francesi, XVII-XIX secolo (in Italian). Rome: Accademia di San Luca. p. 158. ISBN 978-88-97610-17-5. Retrieved 9 April 2021 – via academia.edu.
  16. ^ De Luca 2017, pp. 247 n.771, 350 f.24.
  17. ^ Accademia di San Luca n.d.
  18. ^ Clark 1967, p. 18, No. 150.
  19. ^ a b c d Bryan 1816, p. 272.
  20. ^ Accession Number: 62.570.1, New York Metropolitan Museum of Art
  21. ^ Accession Number: E.714-1963, Victoria and Albert Museum
  22. ^ Accession number: 1988.1.281, Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
  23. ^ Registration numbers U,8.35 and 1869,0410.2289, British Museum
  24. ^ "Mars et Vénus". Musée du Louvre. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  25. ^ Rosenberg, Pierre (1982). France in the Golden Age: Seventeenth-Century French Paintings in American Collections. p. 305. ISBN 0-87099-295-3.
  26. ^ Blunt 1966, p. zzz.
  27. ^ "Mars and Venus - Nicolas Poussin". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  28. ^ Registration number: U,8.34, British Museum
  29. ^ Object numbers RP-P-OB-35.921 and RP-P-OB-35.922, Rijksmuseum
  30. ^ "Vénus et Mercure". Musée du Louvre. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  31. ^ "Venus and Mercury - Poussin, Nicolas". Google Arts & Culture. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  32. ^ a b Heller, Andresen & Wessely 1870.
  33. ^ Registration number: 1925,0627.1, British Museum
  34. ^ Object number: RP-P-1904-2792, Rijksmuseum
  35. ^ Murphy 2009.
  36. ^ a b Sutherland 1964, pp. 62, 69.
  37. ^ @Viminale (11 November 2020). "La solidarietà, la fratellanza, la forza della generosità nel #SanMartino che divide il mantello col povero, olio su tela del seicentesco Fabrizio Chiari" (Tweet) (in Italian) – via Twitter.
  38. ^ "De heilige Maarten deelt zijn mantel met de bedelaar". www.europeana.eu. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  39. ^ a b Lloyd 2010.
  40. ^ Kotulinski, Fridericus Alexander (1648). Conclusiones Theologicae (in Latin). Rome: Francesco Corbelletti. OCLC 733967012.
  41. ^ Menochio, Giovanni Stefano. Economica christiana composta dal padre Gio. Stefano Menochio della Compagnia di Giesú . (in Italian). per il Baba.
  42. ^ Menochio, Giovanni Stefano. Historia sacra della vita, attioni, dottrina, miracoli, passione, morte, risurrettione, e salita al cielo del nostro Redentore, e Saluatore Giesu Christo. Composta dal p. Gio. Stefano Menochio della Compagnia di Giesu. Parte prima [-seconda] (in Italian).
  43. ^ "UNIVERSITY ARCHIVE SERVICE" (PDF). UCD. Retrieved 9 April 2021. UCD-OFM MS B85, C17th Engraving depicting St Ignatius Loyola and St Patrick supporting a shield with monogram of the Holy Name. St Patrick's right arm encircles a kneeling Hibernia.
  44. ^ @ucdarchives (17 March 2020). "St Ignatius Loyola, founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order) depicted here assisting St Patrick in saving Ireland" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  45. ^ a b c Fennessy, Ignatius (1999). "More Printed Items from the Wadding Papers (FLK MSS D 1-2, and others)". Collectanea Hibernica (41): 49 no. 36. ISSN 0530-7058. JSTOR 30004677.
  46. ^ Heinecken 1790, pp. zzz, 536.
  47. ^ Askew, Pamela. Caravaggio's Death of the Virgin. Princeton University Press. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-691-03983-1.
  48. ^ Isidorus a Sancto Josepho; Petrus a Sancto Adrea (1668). Historia generalis fratrum discalceatorum ord. B. M. V. de Monte Carmelo (in Latin). Vol. 1.
  49. ^ Nibby 1839, p. 132.
  50. ^ Sotheby's 2012.
  51. ^ LotSearch n.d.
  52. ^ Rinaldi, Simona (18 December 2019). "Pittori e scultori nel Diario di Carlo Cartari" (PDF). In Lanzetta, Letizia (ed.). La storia o/e le storie nel Diario di Carlo Cartari avvocato concistoriale romano. LuoghInteriori. p. 55. doi:10.5281/zenodo.3826224. ISBN 978-88-6864-178-8.
  53. ^ Colantuoni 1899, p. 115.
  54. ^ "St. Thomas of Villanova distributing alms". Collections Online. Museum of New Zealand. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  55. ^ Letts, Malcolm (1925). Francis Mortoft: his book: being his travels through Franch and Italy 1658-1659. London: The Hakluyt Society. p. 156.
  56. ^ Fischetti, Federico (2010). "Pier Francesco Mola e la pittura di storia: il caso delle tele monumentali dell'Accademia d'Arte di San Pietroburgo". Prospettiva (139/140): 173. ISSN 0394-0802. JSTOR 24435112.
  57. ^ "Madonna en Kind met Domenicus en Catharina van Siena". www.europeana.eu. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  58. ^ De Iulis 2019, pp. 51, 53 (fig 5).
  59. ^ Montagu 1978, p. 337 fn.12.
  60. ^ De Iulis 2019, pp. 55 (fig 8), 56.
  61. ^ Titi 1763, p. 180.
  62. ^ a b Waterhouse 1976.
  63. ^ "La Translation du corps de saint Marc". Musée du Louvre. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  64. ^ De Benedetti, Michele. Palazzi e ville reali d'Italia. Florence: Alinari. p. 54.
  65. ^ "The Ambulatory". www.arciconfraternitasantiambrogioecarlo.it. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  66. ^ Titi 1763, p. 373.
  67. ^ Negro, Angela. "I ritrovati affreschi della Galleria di Alessandro VII al Quirinale. Aggiornamenti e proposte attributive su Schor, Canini, Colombo, Fabrizio Chiari, Baldi, Ferri, Grimaldi e Lauri (Estratto dal fasc. 146)". www.bollettinodarte.beniculturali.it (in Italian). Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  68. ^ Dunn 1994, p. 651 fn.72.
  69. ^ "Fabrizio Chiari (1621-1695)". www.christies.com. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  70. ^ "print". The British Museum. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  71. ^ Rua, Antonio Perez de. Funeral hecho en Roma en la Yglesia de Santiago de los Espanoles a 18. de Diciembre de 1665 a la memoria del re Felipe IV. etc (in Spanish). Jacomo Dragondelli.
  72. ^ Mínguez, Víctor (2000). "The festival books and the Habsburg Empire: power and performance". Court, nobles and festivals. Studies on the Early Modern visual culture. pp. 9–29. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  73. ^ "Funeral hecho en Roma en la yglesia de Santiago de los Españoles a 18 de Diciembre de 1665. A la gloriosa memoria del rei catolico delas Españas nuestro señor D. Felipe Quarto… by Antonio". Martayan Lan.
  74. ^ ROBIN HALWAS (November 1995). "Catalogue 3; ILLUSTRATED AND OTHER RARE BOOKS; 16th—19th centuries" (PDF). London. p. 123 Lot 63. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  75. ^ Majorana, Bernadette. "«Comparendo infine la Festa».La canonizzazione di Tomás de Villanueva: apparati tra Roma e Bordeaux (1658-1659), 2013". in A. Iturbe Saíz - R. Tollo, Santo Tomás de Villanueva. Culto, historia y arte, San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Madrid) - Tolentino (Macerata), Ediciones Escurialenses - Biblioteca Egidiana, 2013, vol. I, pp. 101-124. p. 107. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  76. ^ Titi 1763, p. 375.
  77. ^ De Luca 2017, p. 199 No.XV.
  78. ^ Barbieri & Pucci 1950, p. 464.
  79. ^ Barbieri & Pucci 1950, p. 463.
  80. ^ Chiari, Fabrizio. "Allegorical Composition". Frick Art Reference Library. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  81. ^ Prints, drawings, pictures, and armour, from the historical collections at Wilton House, Salisbury, the property of the Rt. Hon. The Earl of Pembroke & Montgomery. 1917 July 5-10. London: Sotheby, Wilkinson & Hodge. 1917. p. 32, Lot 342.
  82. ^ Boyer, Jean-Claude (2001). "Le cabinet de l'Amour de l'hôtel Lambert : propositions pour quelques tableaux perdus". Mélanges en hommage à Pierre Rosenberg : peintures et dessins en France et en Italie, XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles. Paris: Réunion des Musées nationaux. pp. 114–118. ISBN 2711842312.
  83. ^ Kerspern, Sylvain (21 June 2005). "À propos de l'Énée transportant Anchise du Musée des Beaux-Arts de Dijon : jalons pour l'œuvre de Charles Errard". La Tribune de l'Art (in French). Retrieved 9 April 2021.
  84. ^ "Chiari, Fabrizio". Benezit Dictionary of Artists. Vol. 1. 31 October 2011. doi:10.1093/benz/9780199773787.article.B00037294.
  85. ^ Speelberg, Femke; Rinaldi, Furio (2015). "Vincenzo de' Rossi as Architect: A Newly Discovered Drawing and Project for the Pantheon in Rome". Metropolitan Museum Journal. 50: 175 n.29. doi:10.1086/685679.

References

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Further reading

[edit]
  • Prosperi Valenti Rodinò, Simonetta (2002). "Poussin tradotto e tradito: Fabrizio Chiari e Pietro del Po primi incisori italiani di Poussin". In Bonfait, Olivier; Desmas, Anne-Lise (eds.). L'idéal classique; Les échanges artistiques entre Rome et Paris au temps de Bellori (1640–1700). Paris; Rome: Somogy; Académie de France à Rome. pp. 263–278. ISBN 978-2850565359.
  • Rosenberg, Pierre (2020). "Poussin et non Fabrizio Chiari". In Vannugli, Antonio (ed.). Amica veritas: studi di storia dell'arte in onore di Claudio Strinati. Roma: Quasar. pp. 421–424. ISBN 978-88-5491-110-9.
  • Sestieri, Giancarlo (1994). Repertorio della pittura romana della fine del Seicento e del Settecento (in Italian). Vol. I. Turin: Allemandi. p. 51. ISBN 978-88-422-0465-7.
  • Strinati, Claudio (2019). "Su Fabrizio Chiari". In Baldassarri, Francesca; Confalone, Maia (eds.). Gli amici per Nicola Spinosa (in Italian). Rome: Ugo Bozzi. pp. 110–115. ISBN 978-88-7003-061-7.
  • Wildenstein, Georges (1957). Les graveurs de Poussin au XVIIe siècle (in French). Les Beaux Arts.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fabrizio Chiari.



Category:1610s births Category:1695 deaths Category:Artists from Rome Category:17th-century Italian painters Category:Italian male painters Category:Italian engravers Category:Fresco painters Category:Pontifical Academy of Fine Arts and Letters of the Virtuosi al Pantheon

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