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Digital Divide is a phenomenon in which access and use of information are discriminated due to distances in education, income level, sex, and region (ex. urban-rural areas), resulting in economic and social imbalances. The difference between Internet users according to occupation or age, and the difference of infrastructure such as high-speed Internet in the rural or the mountainous area is the actual case of the information gap.
Drawbacks of digital divide in Korea
[edit]As transiting society from industrial to de-industrial, information and knowledge can be substituted with capital and product in important social matter.
However, the nature of information and knowledge, through commercialization process in capitalism, could make a greater problem than supposition. So, information and knowledge is different from previous product( shoes, clothes, food so on) in that information and knowledge’s cyclic process from creating and application to extinction is most fast. Also, those alteration in quantity and quality is unpredictable. From the nature of information and knowledge, those could make enormous social inequality(ex. class, state, sex, education, region etc.) Furthermore, a global effect feature, one of the information and knowledge’s nature, can deepen global inequality and further sharpen the 2080 society, called Pareto's law.
Reasons and correlating variables
[edit]Distribution of Hardware
[edit]The most basic reason is the distribution of hardware. The most basic hardware in the information era is a computer, which creates an information gap between those who have difficulties buying a computer and those who do not. According to the '2006 Information Gap Index and Survey', which conducted by the Ministry of Information and Communication (MIC) on 6,300 people nationwide, while only 60% of the underprivileged people have personal computer, the average proportion of whole people are nearly 80%. Computer penetration rates are affected by many correlating variables such as region, education, and income and these variables can issue a complex impact. To overcome this difference, OLPC (One Laptop per child) is developing and also distributing $ 100 computer. In addition, a project for the free use of the internet such as the fund router project is in progress, but it is not widely available in Korea. As 'ubiquitous' becomes more and more popular, the distribution of small hardware is expected to grow even more and the digital divide is expected to deepen further.
Open software
[edit]Digital divide is also affected by the purchasing power to purchase certain software. The activation of the open software is required and also the creative activity of the consumer is becoming much more important.
Education
[edit]Education is the most relevant part of income in Korea. High income earners have higher income than low income earners, and children with lower income earners have less educational opportunities than children with higher earners. For this reason, the children of low educated are more likely to be a low educated students than those of highly educated people, and this phenomenon leads to a vicious cycle of social inequality. Because the information era is built on capitalism, this vicious circle is likely to lead to current society as well. Education is a important reason of digital divide. Without education on information society, it leads to poverty of information which causes to the economic discrimination. Most of all, considering the characteristics of knowledge which is explosively expanding, if education can not keep up with the pace of the informational change, it can cause education gap to be more severe. In order to solve this problem, continuous education is much more required rather than shot term education.
Current state of digital divide in Korea
[edit]The Digital Divide is mainly caused by the unevenness of economic, regional, physical or social opportunities. Therefore, the marginalized groups do not receive enough benefits from information and can not adapt to the information era of social services such as administration and welfare. Finally, information gaps result in limited opportunities for basic everyday life and social participation.
Kim minsub(1983)
Kim Minsub is a whistle blower who was a intellectual part time instructor of Yeonsei University. He exposed the contract workers' harsh working conditions on internet website.
Biography
Kim was born in Seoul at 1983. He liked reading since he was a child, but Kim did not get good grades in other subjects except the language subject. Kim entered Wonju Campus of Yonsei University. He started his career as a graduate school assistant in spring 2008 and completed his Ph.D. in Korean Language and Literature at the same university in 2012. After that, Kim lectured 'Writing' for undergraduates about three years.
The economic compensation he received as an assistant and time instructor were very poor. He received a salary of 583,000 won a month, which is much below the minimum wage of the korean law. Even when Kim was injured his foot by fallen book while he was cleaning professor's laboratory, he had to received medical treatment on his own. there was any support of health insurance by the university. In 2014, when Kim's first child was born and his wife was in postnatal care center, Kim began working another part time job at McDonald's desperatly. McDonld's not only paid the health insurance for Kim but also treated him more reasonably than the university. However, his colleagues and senior professors were accustomed to unequal apprenticeship and neglected or ignored the poor labor practices of time lecturers.
생애[원본 편집]
[edit]성장기[원본 편집]
[edit]서울특별시 마포구 홍익대학교 인근에서 자랐다. 어렸을 때부터 독서를 좋아하였으나 국어 외 과목에서 좋은 점수를 얻지 못하였다. 수능점수에 맞추어 연세대학교 원주캠퍼스의 인문학부에 진학하여 1학년 2학기부터 졸업시까지 장학금을 받을 정도로 공부를 열심히 하였다. 대학원 진학을 앞두고 군에 입대하여 육군 병장으로 만기 전역하였다.
대학원 생활[원본 편집]
[edit]2008년 봄에 대학원 조교로 사회 생활을 시작해 2012년 동 대학에서 국문학과 박사과정을 수료하였다. 이후 3년 동안 학부 글쓰기 강의를 담당하였다. 조교 및 시간강사로 그가 겪은 경제적 현실은 매우 열악하였다. 법정 최저시급에도 못미치는 월 58만3000원가량의 급여를 받았고 건강보험조차 보장되지 않았다. 교수 연구실을 정리하다가 떨어진 책에 다리를 찍혀 열 바늘 꿰맸을 때도 병원비는 스스로 해결해야했다. 2014년 부인이 첫 아이를 낳고 산후조리원에 있을 때 절박한 심정으로 맥도날드 물류하차 아르바이트를 시작하였다. 일은 고되었지만, 맥도날드는 월 60시간을 일하면 건강보험료를 부담해줬을 뿐만 아니라 대학교보다 그를 합리적으로 대우해주었다. 그의 동료와 상급자인 교수들은 불평등한 도제식 교육관계에 익숙해져있었고 시간강사들의 열악한 노동현실을 묵인하거나 외면하였다.
《나는 지방대 시간강사다》[원본 편집]
[edit]2014년 9월부터 연세대학교 시간강사의 열악한 현실을 폭로하는 글을 '309동 1201호'라는 필명으로 인터넷에 연재하였다. 이는 김민섭에 따르면 "남이 잘못한 것을 고발하기 위해 쓴 것이 아니라 내 스스로 부족한 것을 돌아보기 위한" 것이였다. 《나는 지방대 시간강사다》의 조회 수는 200만 회가 넘어가며 '알바'만도 못한 시간강사의 처우 문제에 사회적 관심을 불러 일으켰다. 2015년 11월 출간된 동명의 책은 한 달 만에 4000부 가까이 팔렸다. 책이 출간된지 얼마 지나지 않아 주변 사람들은 '309동 1201호'가 김민섭임을 알게되었고 곧 선배 중 일부는 그를 "왜 우리를 모욕하고 우리 학교가 비리의 온상인 것처럼 썼느냐"며 비난했다. 김민섭은 배신감을 느끼고 박사 학위 취득을 포기한 채 시간강사를 관두었다.
김민섭(영어: Kim Minsub, 1983년 ~ )는 《나는 지방대 시간강사다》로 대학교 계약직 지식노동자의 열악한 노동 환경을 고발한 교육자, 육체노동자이다.
| Category | Criteria | Fees(Won) | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| District Car Camping site | Adult | For one night, one person | 1,600 |
|
| Teenager | 1,200 | |||
| Children | 800 | |||
| Car camping zone | For one night, one car, one camping zone | 13,000 |
| |
| Caravan | 16㎡ (4 people) | For one night | 60,000 |
|
| 26㎡ (6 people) | 100,000 | |||
| 33㎡ (8 people) | 120,000 | |||
| Category | Criteria | Fees | Note |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parking Fees | compact vehicle
|
2,000 | |
midsize vehicle
|
4,000 | ||
fullsized vehicle
|
6,000 |