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Unit 7 Assignment - (Outline, References, Images, Suggested Improvements)
[edit]- Group Page Talk link: Group_84D (talk)
Outline for Article: Inverted Repeat --- (talk page for Inverted Repeat article)
[edit]- Lead paragraph (brief introduction)
- Definition & Examples
- cartoon to explain - Jim Perry has an idea for this - to be developed in future weeks
- Examples of Inverted Repeats
- Other types of repeats
- direct repeats vs. inverted repeats
- palindromes vs. inverted repeats
- Biological Features & Functionality
- Origin of Inverted Repeats - How they are introduced.
- Conditions that favor synthesis of Inverted Repeats.
- Most common biological functions using Inverted Repeats.
- Regions where presence is obligatory.
- Location of inverted repeats in the genome - how, why and where
- Inverted repeats common in different organisms
- Databases of Inverted Repeats (with External Links as appropriate)
- References
Information about the References
[edit]- Inverted Repeats and DNA replication. 1996 review article. Might be good (or might be too old?) [1]
- RNA related. Is CRISPR a potential category? CRISPR = Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats [2]
- palindrome-mediated translocations are localized at the center of palindromic AT-rich repeats (PATRRs)[3]
- DNA inverted repeats in the genome. Might be a special category? [4]
- Folded DNA - Hairpins [5]
- Inverted repeats in the male-specific region of the human chromosome Y(MSY) [6]
- Instability of palindromes by formation of a hairpin or cruciform structure and the resultant chromosomal deletion or translocation.[7]
- Holliday-junction resolution in homologous recombination and coding joint formation in rearrangement of antigen-receptor genes.[8]
- Hypertensive crises caused by inverted left atrial appendage.[9]
- Families of inverted repeat fold transporters.[10]
- Size and distribution of inverted repeats in D. melanogaster DNA.[11]
- Transient blindness and transurethral resection.[12]
- Inverted sequences among families of repetition frequencies.[13]
- Faulty application fork maintenance pathways at nonallelic repeats and cancer and genomic disorders and speciation.[14]
- The properties of inverted repeat sequences in wheat nuclear DNA.[15]
- Invereted repeats in spinach, corn and lettuce.[16]
- Inverted repeats in MDg3 of Drosophila melanogaster.[17]
References:
- ^ Pearson, C. E.; Zorbas, H.; Price, G. B.; Zannis-Hadjopoulos, M. (1996 Oct). "Inverted repeats, stem-loops, and cruciforms: significance for initiation of DNA replication". Journal of Cellular Biochemistry. 63 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(199610)63:1<1::AID-JCB1>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 8891900. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
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(help) - ^ Richter, C (2012 Oct 19). "Function and regulation of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) / CRISPR associated (Cas) systems". Viruses. 4 (10): 2291–311. doi:10.3390/v4102291. PMC 3497052. PMID 23202464.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Kato, T.; Kurahashi, H.; Emanuel, B. S. (2012 Jun). "Chromosomal translocations and palindromic AT-rich repeats". Current Opinion in Genetics & Development. 22 (3): 221–8. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2012.02.004. PMC 3378763. PMID 22402448.
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(help) - ^ Tanaka, H.; Yao, M. C. (2009 Mar). "Palindromic gene amplification--an evolutionarily conserved role for DNA inverted repeats in the genome". Nature Reviews. Cancer. 9 (3): 216–24. doi:10.1038/nrc2591. PMID 19212324.
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(help) - ^ Bikard, D.; Loot, C.; Baharoglu, Z.; Mazel, D. (2010 Dec). "Folded DNA in action: hairpin formation and biological functions in prokaryotes". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR. 74 (4): 570–88. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00026-10. PMC 3008174. PMID 21119018.
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(help) - ^ Hallast, P.; Balaresque, P.; Bowden, G. R.; Ballereau, S.; Jobling, M. A. (2013 Jul). "Recombination Dynamics of a Human Y-Chromosomal Palindrome: Rapid GC-Biased Gene Conversion, Multi-kilobase Conversion Tracts, and Rare Inversions". PLOS Genetics. 9 (7): e1003666. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003666. PMC 3723533. PMID 23935520.
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(help)CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Chen, X.; Xiao, F.; Guo, J. (2013 May). "[The mechanisms of palindrome-stimulated mutation and related human diseases]". Yi Chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo Yi Chuan Xue Hui Bian Ji. 35 (5): 571–7. doi:10.3724/sp.j.1005.2013.00571. PMID 23732662.
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(help) - ^ Inagaki, H.; Ohye, T.; Kogo, H.; Tsutsumi, M.; Kato, T.; Tong, M.; Emanuel, B. S.; Kurahashi, H. (2013). "Two sequential cleavage reactions on cruciform DNA structures cause palindrome-mediated chromosomal translocations". Nature Communications. 4: 1592. doi:10.1038/ncomms2595. PMID 23481400.
- ^ Zhao, Q.; Hu, X. (2013 Sep). "Postoperative pulmonary hypertensive crisis caused by inverted left atrial appendage after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery for congenital heart disease in a neonate". Heart, Lung & Circulation. 22 (9): 781–3. doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2013.03.006. PMID 24054493.
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(help) - ^ Saier Jr, M. H.; Saier, Milton H. (2013 Aug 28). "Evolutionary relationship between 5+5 and 7+7 inverted repeat folds within the amino acid-polyamine-organocation superfamily". Proteins. 82 (2): 336–346. doi:10.1002/prot.24401. PMID 24038584.
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(help) - ^ Biezunski, N (1981). "Structure and distribution of inverted repeats (Palindromes). I. Analysis of DNA of Drosophila melanogaster". Chromosoma. 84 (1): 87–109. doi:10.1007/BF00293365. PMID 6794998.
- ^ Appelt, GL (1979 Apr). "Transient blindness: unusual initial symptom of transurethral prostatic resection reaction". Urology. 13 (4): 402–4. doi:10.1016/0090-4295(79)90340-6. PMID 433047.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Dott, P. J.; Chuang, C. R.; Saunders, G. F. (1976 Sep 7). "Inverted repetitive sequences in the human genome". Biochemistry. 15 (18): 4120–5. doi:10.1021/bi00663a032. PMID 963027.
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(help) - ^ Hu, L.; Kim, T. M.; Son, M. Y.; Kim, S. A.; Holland, C. L.; Tateishi, S.; Kim, D. H.; Yew, P. R.; Montagna, C.; Dumitrache, L. C.; Hasty, P. (2013 Sep 26). "Two replication fork maintenance pathways fuse inverted repeats to rearrange chromosomes". Nature. 501 (7468): 569–72. doi:10.1038/nature12500. PMC 3805358. PMID 24013173.
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(help) - ^ Bazetoux, S.; Jouanin, L.; Huguet, T. (1978 Mar). "Characterization of inverted repeated sequences in wheat nuclear DNA". Nucleic Acids Research. 5 (3): 751–69. doi:10.1093/nar/5.3.751. PMC 342021. PMID 643618.
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(help) - ^ Kolodner, R.; Tewari, K. K. (1979 Jan). "Inverted repeats in chloroplast DNA from higher plants". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 76 (1): 41–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.76.1.41. PMC 382872. PMID 16592612.
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(help) - ^ Bayev Jr, A. A.; Krayev, A. S.; Lyubomirskaya, N. V.; Ilyin, Y. V.; Skryabin, K. G.; Georgiev, G. P. (1980 Aug 11). "The transposable element Mdg3 in Drosophila melanogaster is flanked with the perfect direct and mismatched inverted repeats". Nucleic Acids Research. 8 (15): 3263–73. doi:10.1093/nar/8.15.3263. PMC 324151. PMID 6255410.
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Possible Images
[edit]We will need to get permission before using these unless already under the proper license:
Hairpin Image: http://course1.winona.edu/sberg/ILLUST/hairpin.JPG
Open Access Article: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/7/73/
- See Figure 3 in this article for a good example of an inverted repeat
- Here is the link to the photo: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/7/73/figure/F3
Palidrome and mirror repeats: http://www.siumed.edu/~bbartholomew/images/Lehninger/img035.gif
Examples of inverted repeats: http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/R/RecognitionHelix.gif
Suggested Improvements: These are listed on the talk page for the article
[edit]