User:Jenny Min/sandbox
Women's clothing as a means of repression.
[edit]Origin: Corset
[edit]Corset controversy
[edit]The corset is a type of underwear worn by women, and has been used as an important item for the first time since the 16th century, when it first emerged in the Renaissance, when it first appeared in the Renaissance. It features a pair of dresses designed to tighten the waist and abdomen, and the breast and chest accents, and the breasts show a female figure on a curved curve in the shape of a woman wearing a corset and a skirt underneath the waist.[1]
However, wearing women's corset has resulted in several physical disabilities. Excessive tightening of the chest with a hard corset leads to the function of the internal organs and causes the body to bend the spine. And breathing at the top of the diaphragm caused dizziness or chest discomfort. Women in Europe were easily fatigued, prone to fainting and were prone to illnesses such as tuberculosis, stomach pains, and lactic acid pains. [2]
Nevertheless, the corset was continuously worn and the lower rib bones were artificially altered to artificially modify the body. The ornaments that put pressure on the body were used until the 1960s. Women before the 20th century died in his mid-forties, wearing a corset has helped make women's bodies vulnerable to diseases. And despite these terrible side effects, why did it take so long to stop wearing women wearing corset?[3]
This can be described as a "Situation of women who are limited to women in a male-dominated environment". Women who are limited to social advancement in a male-dominated environment were the only way to increase their value to get married to the royal family or the nobility. Therefore, the mothers of upper-class households had to wear a corset to their young daughters to keep their skinny and graceful bodies in shape. By wearing a corset from a child, the girls became obsessed with their appearance and easily accepted standards of appearance. At that time, women were predominant in traditional sex images that women in Europe were weaker than men and should be passive. That creates stereotypes that a charming woman should have smooth, romantic, and effeminate appearance.[4]
By the end of the 19th century, due to the social atmosphere of pursuit of rational thinking and naturalistic values, the distorted beauty of the corset is not beautiful, and the natural body is said to be beautiful. However, in a natural condition, since the waistline does not differ greatly from the breasts or hips. Natural beauty meant a woman with a thin waist without wearing a corset. Therefore, most women who are not naturally slim or have a chubby body are considered that the corset was forced to wear to maintain a desirable body. In the 20th century, the wearing of excessive corset was worn away, but wearing underwear for physical correction continued. Bra to cover chest was made, and a flexible corset to appeared.[5]
Example of a case of revolution in suppressing women.
[edit]Early in the modernization, the modern women expressed the willingness of women’s liberation through fashion. They wanted to be freed from oppression under the patriarchal system.
The modern woman was a symbol of 'modern'. It represented the owner of a new sensual style and knowledge, which meant modernization. The modern woman was different from looks first and fashionably high. Along with the new woman, the modern woman, the westernized fashion emerged and diffused.
Among various modern characteristics, the predominant feature is fashion. The issue of this period of clothing was made up of discourse related to social modernization, in particular, there were many social discussions about female fashion. In the process of modernization, the focus on physical fitness is the most noticeable phenomenon. The conflict between the western oriented value and the custom stood prominently in the discourse surrounding the body. In the modern enlightening atmosphere, women also wanted to be reborn as modern subjects.
Coco chanel
[edit]Gabriel Coco Chanel is the founder and fashion designer of Chanel, which is famous for her clothes, bags, and cosmetics. Her designs were very drastic in the sense that it was active and comfortable for women. At that time, women wore dresses that emphasized feminine sexuality with tight waist skirts. Chanel thought it was a design to look beautiful in the eyes of men. She thought that women’s clothes should be comfortable with women and beautiful in the eyes of women. So she took away the cumbersome edge of skirt and decorative ornaments; she emphasized beauty from simplicity. In particular, her designs were freed from her tight waist corset. This was a remarkable change in the history of fashion in the sense that it freed women from the oppression of women’s clothes. At first, some people feel resistance with simple and simple attire. However, they gradually became fond of Chanel's design, which is not only easy to act, but also with subtle beauty.[7]
Coco Chanel was a woman who had a philosophy and beliefs, not just a simple fashion designer. She was also the artist who freed women from life in a subdued life, and was also the most beautiful artist who portrayed women as the most beautiful.[8]
No-bra’ movement
[edit]As the lingerie Tool, which still serves as a tool for female suppression, recently, Suli who is a former member of teen idol ‘F(x)’ has been criticized as having complained about the photos which-contentious about ‘no-bra’- posted on his social networking site ‘instagram’. It leads to sexual innuendo starting with criticism that it is not officially qualified. The surprising fact is that not only men but also women roles as the subject of criticism.[9]
In fact, a feminist movement ‘no-bra’, ‘Let’s not put on a bra’ is as one of the themes of feminism and is spreading to North America and Europe. In the slogan " Free the nipple, " the feminist argues to shake up the oppression in the bra.[10]
Changing after movement "no-bra"
[edit]Although ‘to not wear bra’ is not accepted as a natural phenomenon, the number of women who complain about the social atmosphere in the country as well as in the domestic society is increasing. Social networking sites, such as Twitter and Internet communities, are often found to support the review, and do share tips on how to avoid attention in not wearing underwear.[11]
There is also a tendency to increase comfort when designing and purchasing underwear.In the past, people valued ‘volume up’ function when making or buy it. But, now a single layer bra ‘bralette’ which don’ have no-wire, no- falsies is emerging as a trend. Global underwear brand Victoria unveiled ‘bralette’ last April, and Vivian took over France's trademark brand of " Barbara. " and expands product line, and the Korea brand ‘TRY’ also launched the ‘bralette’ in this year.[12]
Significance of movement "no-bra"
[edit]It is interpreted as a move to escape from a means of suppressing women, not just women who don`t want to wear underwear. It is significant in that women attempt to escape from the subject of female oppression.[13]
References
[edit]- ^ 전(Jeon), 양진(Yangjin) (2015). "18-20세기 서유럽 코르셋에서 나타난 문화적 양면성에 관한 연구(A Study on Cultural Ambivalence of the Corset)". 인문과학연구노총(The Journal Of Humanites) (in Korean). 36: 267–288.
- ^ 이(Lee), 수민(Sumin) (2016-08-29). "[세계는, 왜? ①]코르셋부터 부르키니까지…여성 옷을 둘러싼 억압의 흑역사([Why the world? ①] From the corset to the bureuki… Dark history of suppression around women's clothing)". 헤럴드경제 미주판(Korea Herald Business in English). Retrieved 2016-12-05.
- ^ 전(Jeon), 양진(Yangjin) (2015). "18-20세기 서유럽 코르셋에서 나타난 문화적 양면성에 관한 연구(A Study on Cultural Ambivalence of the Corset)". 인문과학연구노총(The Journal Of Humanites). 36: 267–288.
- ^ "women in male-dominated industries: A toolkit of strategies" (PDF). Australian Human Rights Commission. Australizan Government. 2013.
- ^ 정(Jeong), 혜정(Hye jeong) (2009). "19세기 코르셋에 대한 연구(A Study on the corset in 19th Century)". 한복문화학회 2009 춘계학술대회(Hanbok Culture Society 2009 spring scholarship meeting). 4: 96–98.
- ^ 김(Kim), 은정(Eun-Jung) (2004). "근대적 포상으로서의 여성 패션 연구-모던 걸(개화기~1945년)을 중심으로(A study on Women Fashion as a Symbol of Modernity : Focusing on Modern Women Form the Enlightenment period to 1945 In Korea)". 아시아 여성연구(The Journal of Asian Women). 43(2): 331–359.
- ^ 김(Kim), 선영(Sun-Young) (2014-05-29). "여성 옥죄던 코르셋에서 해방… 패션 '혁명' 일으키다(Freedom from the corset that suppressed women…This leads to the ' revolution ' of fashion)". 프리미엄 조선(Premium Chosun).
- ^ 김(Kim), 선영(Sun-Young) (2014-05-29). "여성 옥죄던 코르셋에서 해방… 패션 '혁명' 일으키다(Freedom from the corset that suppressed women…This leads to the ' revolution ' of fashion)". 프리미엄 조선(Premium Chosun).
- ^ 정(Jung), 희원(Hee won) (2016-09-05). "설리 논란으로 본 '노브라가 어때서'(Refering to the controversy over seoli, 'What is wrong with no-bra.')". 브릿지 경제(Bridge kyungjae).
- ^ 박(Park), 미소(Mi so) (2016-08-16). "폭염 속 자유... 노브라가 대세(Freedom in the sweltering... No-bra is heat.)". Joongang ilbo.
- ^ 김 (Kim), 상민 (Sangmin) (2016-08-09). "설리, 노브라 사진 논란에 네티즌 지적 "민망하다" (Regarding the photos of ui at seolli, netizens say they are " embarrassing ".)". 서울경제신문 (in Korean). Retrieved 2016-11-29.
- ^ 박(Park), 미소(Mi so) (2016-08-16). "폭염 속 자유...노브라가 대세(Freedom in the sweltering... No-bra is heat.)". Joongang ilbo.
- ^ 김(Kim), 유민(Yoo min) (2016-10-24). "노브라는 당당하면 안되나요 (No Bra, No Problem)". 서울신문(The Seoul Shinmun ).