User:James086/sandbox2
Technology
[edit]Like Ivy Bridge before it, Haswell has 22 nm, 3D trigate transistors. The mainstream processors have up to 4 cores, native support for up to 32 GB of dual-channel DDR3 memory,[1] 16 PCIe 3.0 lanes, 64 KB (32 KB Instruction + 32 KB Data) L1 cache and 256 KB L2 cache per core.[2] Chips named i5 4500 and higher support Intel Transactional Synchronization Extensions (TSX), except for "R" models, those with Iris Pro, and "K" models, those with unlocked CPU multipliers.[3][4] To decrease overall system power consumption, Intel integrated a voltage regulation module onto the CPU die that controls voltage for the CPU, on-die GPU, system I/O and the integrated memory controller.[5] The "Fully Integrated Voltage Regulator" (FIVR) is one fiftieth of the size of a motherboard VRM,[5] and ramps voltage up or down five-to-ten times faster allowing for finer-grain throttling which translates to lower power consumption.[6] While the FIVR reduces overall system power consumption, it increases the power consumption, and thus thermal output, of the CPU itself which negatively affects overclocking.[5]Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).
The unreleased enterprise/server variants, Haswell-EP and Haswell-EX,[7] and enthusiast-class desktop platform Haswell-E will support DDR4 memory,[8] and have 40 PCIe 3.0 lanes.[9] Haswell-E, due to be released in the second half of 2014, will have up to 8 cores.[10]
Haswell chips have four arithmetic logic unit to improve integer performance over Ivy Bridge's three.[11] Intel added a third address generation unit and second branch prediction unit to streamline the 14 to 19 stage instruction pipeline, additionally, the instruction decode queue, which holds instructions after they have been decoded but before they have been executed, is no longer statically partitioned between the two threads that each core can service.[11] "Haswell New Instructions" are an instruction set introduced with Haswell that include Advanced Vector Extensions 2 (AVX2), gather, BMI1, BMI2, LZCNT and FMA3 support.[12]
Integrated graphics processors
[edit]There are four versions of Haswell's integrated graphics processors; GT1, GT2, GT3 and GT3e, all have hardware support for Direct3D 11.1 and OpenGL 4.2.[13][14] Ivy Bridge IGPs had up to 16 execution units whereas the Haswell's IGPss have up to 40. For GT3e Intel introduced embedded DRAM (eDRAM) to address a common bottleneck of integrated graphics, memory access speeds. Named Crystalwell, it is a separate die with 128 MB of DRAM built into the chip of products with Iris Pro 5200. The eDRAM can be shared by the CPU or GPU depending on the workload and, as such, is treated as L4 cache. Because it is on-chip, it can provide faster memory access than traditional RAM, up to 50 GB/s, however, Intel claims that it would take 100 - 130 GB/s transfer speeds with GDDR to achieve the same real-world performance.[15]
| IGP | Execution units | Max GPU clock | Max FLOPS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iris Pro 5200 (GT3e) | 40 | 1300 MHz | 832 GFLOPS |
| Intel HD 5000 (GT3) | 40 | 1100 MHz | 704 GFLOPS |
| Intel HD 4200/4400/4600 (GT2) | 20 | 1350 MHz | 432 GFLOPS |
| Intel HD Graphics (GT1) | 10 | 1100 MHz | 184 GFLOPS |
References
[edit]- ^ "Haswell" (slide). Intel. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ^ "Intel Haswell Architecture Disclosure: Live Blog" (blog).
01:58PM - Same sizes L1/L2 caches as SNB/IVB
- ^ "Transactional Synchronization in Haswell". Intel. 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2012-02-07.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
comparisonwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c Hruska, Joel (13 May 2013). "Intel's Haswell Takes A Major Step Forward, Integrates Voltage Regulator". Hot Hardware. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- ^ "The Haswell Review: Intel Core i7-4770K & i5-4670K Tested". AnandTech. 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2013-11-14.
- ^ "Haswell" (slide). Intel. Retrieved 2012-02-15.
- ^ "Intel roadmap shows Haswell-E, Haswell Refresh and Skylake". Guru3d.com. Retrieved 2013-10-12.
- ^ Hruska, Joel (17 June 2013). "Haswell-E to offer DDR4 support, up to eight cores in 2014". Extreme Tech. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- ^ Cutress, Ian (19 March 2014). "Intel 2014 Enthusiast Processors". Anandtech. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
- ^ a b Lal Shimpi, Anand (05 October 2012). "Intel's Haswell Architecture Analyzed". Anandtech. Archived from the original on 03 August 2013. Retrieved 22 March 2014.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=and|archivedate=(help) - ^ "Haswell new instruction descriptions now available". Intel. 2011-06-13. Retrieved 2012-01-04.
- ^ "Intel Haswell Architecture Slides - IDF 2012". AnandTech. 2012-09-11.
- ^ "Release Notes Driver version: 15.33.14.64.3412" (PDF). 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2014-02-24.
- ^ Lal Shimpi, Anand (2013-06-01). "Intel Iris Pro 5200 Graphics Review". Archived from the original on 2013-12-30. Retrieved 2014-02-13.
