User:JPRiley/Kidder
Frank E. Kidder | |
|---|---|
| Born | November 3, 1859 |
| Died | October 27, 1905 (aged 45) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Architect |
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Frank E. Kidder FAIA (November 3, 1859 – October 27, 1905) was an American architect in practice in Boston and Denver from 1886 until his death in 1905. In addition to his professional practice, he was the author of The Architects' and Builders' Pocket-book, an influential handbook for architects and students. This book was first published in 1884 and went to eighteen editions, the last published in 1948.
Early life and education
[edit]Frank Eugene Kidder was born November 3, 1859, in Bangor, Maine, to Bradley Page Kidder and Victoria Isabel Kidder, née Additon. He was educated in the Bangor public schools and at Maine State College, now the University of Maine. He earned his bachelor's in civil engineering in 1879, after also spending the fall of 1878 at Cornell University, taking classes with the third year architecture students. After a semester as an instructor in drawing he worked for Ware & Van Brunt in Boston and for Henry Janeway Hardenbergh in New York City. In 1880 he entered the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) as a special student for a one-year course in architecture. He was additionally awarded a master's in civil engineering from Maine State in 1882.[1]
In 1894 he was futher awarded a PhD from Maine State College.[2]
Architectural career
[edit]After leaving MIT Kidder joined Boston architect Arthur H. Vinal. About this time he began to suffer from a weakness of his lungs, and he was temporarily unable to pursue full-time employment. For the next few months he was employed by the Massachusetts Charitable Mechanic Association to test building materials for fire resistance, and also lectured at MIT. When he was again able to work full-time he joined Norcross Brothers, Boston and Worcester contractors, for whom he worked as drafter, clerk and engineer. In 1884 Vinal was appointed City Architect, and Kidder joined his office as head drafter. In 1886 he resigned to join established architect Edgar C. Curtis, forming the partnership of Curtis & Kidder.[1] Curtis belonged to a prominent Boston family and had been educated in the Beaux-Arts atelier of Joseph Auguste Émile Vaudremer. Curtis died in December of the same year, and Kidder continued as a sole practitioner.[3] He had some success in these early years, designing two major buildings for Maine State College, but his health continued to decline.[4][5]
In 1888 he relocated to Denver to take advantage of its drier climate. The following January he formed the partnership of Kidder & Humphreys with John J. Humphreys. Their work included the Christ Methodist Episcopal Church in Denver.[6] Humphreys withdrew in 1891 to open his own office, and Kidder continued alone. He developed a specialty of churches, for large and small congregations. For the last five years of his career he practiced as a partner in the firm of Kidder & Wieger and as president of the F. E. Kidder Architect Company. In his later years he was known less as a designer, but was frequently retained as a consulting architect. He worked until shortly before his death.[4][5]
In Kidder's time architects and students were assisted by engineering handbooks such as The Civil Engineer's Pocket-book, by John C. Trautwine, but found them wanting for architectural purposes. As a student Kidder's writing had been frequently been published in the Maine and architectural press, and he planned to write a handbook for architects. In 1885 the result, The Architects' and Builders' Pocket-book, was brought out by John Wiley & Sons.[1] It was immediately successful, and went to eighteen editions. Fourteen of these were published during Kidder's lifetime, and after his death, new editions were edited by Thomas Nolan and Harry Parker. Beginning with the 17th edition, the book was known as The Architects' and Builders' Handbook. The last edition was published in 1948. Of his other books, the best known was another handbook, Building Construction and Superintendence, published in parts beginning in 1896.[4][5]
Personal life
[edit]Kidder was married in 1882 to Kate Emery Newhall in Bangor.[1] They had three children, one son and two daughters. In Denver, to help maintain his health, he lived a spartan lifestyle, sleeping outside every night and commuting by bicycle from his home in the Highland.[5] He died October 27, 1905, at home in Denver at the age of 45. His death was due to complications of a stomach surgery and was unrelated to his earlier health problems.[7]
Kidder was a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects and served as Colorado chapter president in 1903 and 1904.[7]
Kidder's son, Bradley P. Kidder, was an architect who practiced in Santa Fe, New Mexico. He was the 1959 recipient of the AIA's Edward C. Kemper Award; his architectural works include the first (1957) and second (1968) opera houses of the Santa Fe Opera.[8]
Legacy
[edit]As a practicing architect, Kidder was stylistically conservative. His buildings were designed in the pupular revival styles of the time, especially the Richardsonian Romanesque. He was chiefly known for his written works–during his lifetime they meant that he was by far the best-known architect in Denver.[5]
Architectural works
[edit]- 1887 – Grace United Methodist Church (former), 56 Magazine St, Cambridge, Massachusetts[9]
- 1888 – Coburn Hall, University of Maine, Orono, Maine[10]
- 1888 – Holmes Hall, University of Maine, Orono, Maine[10]
- 1889 – Bradley P. Kidder house, 385 Union St, Bangor, Maine[11]
- 1891 – Christ Methodist Episcopal Church,[a] 2201 Ogden St, Denver[12]
- 1891 – Harman Hall, 400 St Paul St, Denver[13]
- 1894 – Asbury Methodist Church (former), 3011 Vallejo St, Denver[14]
- 1895 – First Presbyterian Church (former), 1820 15th St, Boulder, Colorado[15]
- 1895 – Old Stone Congregational Church,[a] 408 High St, Lyons, Colorado[15]
- 1898 – Chautauqua Auditorium,[a] Chautauqua Park, Boulder, Colorado[16]
- 1900 – Peoples' Tabernacle,[b] 20th and Lawrence Sts, Denver[17]
- 1902 – North Presbyterian Church (former), 2201 W 34th Ave, Denver[15]
- 1902 – Smedley Elementary School, 4250 Shoshone St, Denver[18]
- 1906 – First Congregational Church,[b] Pennsylvania and College Aves, Fort Worth, Texas[19]
Bibliography
[edit]- Frank E. Kidder, The Architects' and Builders' Pocket-book (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1884)
- Frank E. Kidder, A History of the Kidder Family (Boston: David Clapp & Son, printers, 1886)
- Frank E. Kidder, Building Construction and Superintendence (New York: William T. Comstock, 1896)
- Frank E. Kidder, Churches and Chapels (New York: William T. Comstock, 1900)
Notes
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Morgan Hewitt Stafford, A Genealogy of the Kidder Family: Comprising the Descendants in the Male Line of Ensign James Kidder, 1626-1676, of Cambridge and Billerica in the Colony of Massachusetts Bay (Rutland: Tuttle Publishing Coimpany, 1941): 472-473.
- ^ "Annual commencement, state college," The Maine Farmer, June 28, 1894, 4.
- ^ "Death of Edgar C. Curtis, architect" in The American Architect and Building News 20, no. 574 (December 25, 1886): 297.
- ^ a b c Frank E. Kidder, Building Construction and Superintendence, part 3 (New York: William T. Comstock, 1906): 5-7.
- ^ a b c d e Richard R. Brettell, Historic Denver: the Architects and the Architecture (Denver: Historic Denver, 1973): 135-141.
- ^ The City of Denver, ed. Andrew Morrison (St. Louis: George W. Engelhardt, 1890): 63.
- ^ a b "Death of Frank Eugene Kidder" in Carpentry and Building (December, 1905): 330.
- ^ "Profile of an architect: Bradley P. Kidder" in New Mexico Architect 1, no. 2 (April, 1959): 7 and 10.
- ^ The Cambridge Annual for 1887, ed. George F. Crook (Boston: George F. Crook, 1887)
- ^ a b University of Maine at Orono Historic District NRHP Nomination (1978)
- ^ Historic Residential Architecture of Bangor NRHP Multiple Property Documentation Form (1996)
- ^ Christ Methodist Episcopal Church NRHP Inventory-Nomination Form (1976)
- ^ Thomas J. Noel, Buildings of Colorado (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997): 93.
- ^ Thomas J. Noel, Buildings of Colorado (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997): 108.
- ^ a b c Frank E. Kidder, Churches and Chapels (New York: William T. Comstock, 1900)
- ^ Thomas J. Noel, Buildings of Colorado (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997): 180.
- ^ American Architect and Building News 69, no. 1289 (September 8, 1900): xii.
- ^ The Daily News, August 7, 1902, 6.
- ^ Manufacturers Record 48, no. 2 (July 27, 1905): 50.