User:Jähmefyysikko/sandbox2
Scandinavia vs. Nordic countries
[edit]The term Nordic countries refers to the five countries of Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Iceland and their associated territories.[1] These communities share many common geographical, historical, and socio-cultural features distinct from the rest of Europe.[2] The concept of Nordic countries evolved in the 19th and 20th centuries to emphasize regional cooperation and a distinct cultural identity. Finland and Iceland initially faced challenges in being recognized as part of this Nordic world. Finland had transitioned from the Swedish rule to the Russian Empire in the early 19th century, and had to assert its identity within the Nordic context. Iceland, with its geographical isolation and unique cultural heritage, also sought inclusion in the Nordic cooperative framework. The concept was solidified by the establishment of the Nordic Council in 1952.
In Scandinavian languages and in other languages spoken in the region, the word Scandinavia usually only refers to the three countries of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. In English and other languages it is often used to encompass all communities that consider themselves Nordic. Consequently, terms like "Scandinavian" and "Nordic" are frequently used interchangeably, though they may carry different connotations locally.[3][4][5][6]
The geological term Fennoscandia (sometimes Fennoscandinavia) refers to the Fennoscandian Shield (or Baltic Shield), which includes the Scandinavian Peninsula, Finland and Karelia, and excludes Denmark and other parts of the wider Nordic world. The terms Fennoscandia and Fennoscandinavia are sometimes used in a political sense to refer to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland.[7]
Refs
[edit]- ^ "Facts about the Nordic region". Nordic Council of Ministers & Nordic Council. 1 October 2007. Archived from the original on 8 February 2018. Retrieved 25 March 2014.
- ^ Contesting Nordicness: Diversity, Identity, and Belonging in the Nordic Region. Helsinki Yearbook of Intellectual History, 2. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter. 2021. doi:10.1515/9783110730104. ISBN 9783110730104.
- ^ Knut Helle, 'Introduction Archived 18 November 2022 at the Wayback Machine', in The Cambridge History of Scandinavia, Volume I: Prehistory to 1520, ed. by Knut Helle, E. I. Kouri, and Jens E. Oleson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), pp. 1–14 (pp. 1–4).
- ^ "Scandinavia". The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. 2008. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007. Retrieved 9 January 2008.
Scandinavia: Denmark, Norway, Sweden—sometimes also considered to include Iceland, the Faeroe Islands, & Finland.
- ^ 'Scandinavia, proper noun', Lexico: Powered by Oxford.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
ebwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Fennoscandia, n. Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine", Oxford English Dictionary Online, 2nd edn (Oxford: Oxford University Press, December 2019). Accessed 10 February 2020.