User:Huywilliam/sandbox

I plan to add some formula deviations to the article, conventional units used in SI and English systems. If possible, I want to mention some applications to the topic, and a graph to show correlation between Fanning friction factor and Re number, i.e. how to estimate value for f in different regimes of Re numbers.

sources:

1. Mohammad,, Khan, Kaleem. Fluid mechanics and machinery. ISBN 9780199456772. OCLC 927946607
2. Simons, Stefaan J.R.. (2007). Concepts of Chemical Engineering 4 Chemists - 3.6.1.1 Fanning Friction Factor. Royal Society of Chemistry. Online version available at:

http://app-knovel-com.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/hotlink/pdf/id:kt00C4WXBO/concepts-chemical-engineering/fanning-friction-factor

3. Ellenberger, J. Phillip. (2014). Piping and Pipeline Calculations Manual - Construction, Design Fabrication and Examination (2nd Edition) - 4.5 Friction Factor. Elsevier. Online version available at:

http://app-knovel-com.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/hotlink/pdf/id:kt00U13XV4/piping-pipeline-calculations/friction-factor

4. Chhabra, R.P. Richardson, J.F.. (2008). Non-Newtonian Flow and Applied Rheology - Engineering Applications (2nd Edition) - 3. Flow in Pipes and in Conduits of Non-Circular Cross-Sections. Elsevier. Online version available at:

http://app-knovel-com.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/hotlink/pdf/id:kt006QSGS3/non-newtonian-flow-applied/flow-in-pipes-in-conduits Huywilliam (talk) 05:42, 24 January 2017 (UTC)

Definition

Fanning friction factor is defined as a dimensionless ratio between the shear stress and the kinetic energy density of the fluid

$f={\frac {\tau _{w}}{{\frac {1}{2}}\rho v^{2}}}$

Symbol	Description	SI unit	British unit
$f$	fanning friction factor	N/A	N/A
$\tau _{w}$	pipe shear stress at the wall
$\rho$	density of the fluid		${\frac {lb_{m}}{ft^{3}}}$
$v$	average fluid velocity	${\frac {m}{s}}$	${\frac {ft}{s}}$

Algebraic representations

For laminar flow in a round tube

$f={\frac {16}{Re}}$

where $Re$ is the Reynolds number of the flow

For turbulent flow in a round tube

Hydraulically smooth piping:

Blasius (1913) $2100<Re<10^{5}$

$f={\frac {0.0791}{Re^{0.25}}}$

Koo (1933) $10^{4}<Re<10^{7}$

$f=0.0014+{\frac {0.125}{Re^{0.32}}}$

Pipes/tubes of general roughness

Haaland (1983) $4\centerdot 10^{4}<Re<10^{7}$, ${\frac {k}{D}}<0.05$

${\frac {1}{\sqrt {f}}}=-3.6\log _{10}\left[{\frac {6.9}{Re}}+\left({\frac {k/D}{3.7}}\right)^{10/9}\right]$

https://app-knovel-com.offcampus.lib.washington.edu/web/view/swf/show.v/rcid:kpIFEE0005/cid:kt00CBU222/viewerType:pdf/root_slug:introduction-food-engineering?cid=kt00CBU222&page=2&q=fanning%20friction%20chart&b-q=fanning%20friction%20chart&sort_on=default&b-subscription=TRUE&b-group-by=true&b-search-type=tech-reference&b-sort-on=default&scrollto=the%20Fanning%20fric

Commercial standard steel piping

Drew (1936) $10^{4}<Re<10^{7};{\frac {k}{D}}\approx 0.0015$

$f=0.0014+{\frac {0.090}{Re^{0.27}}}$

Fully rough conduits

Nikuradse and Reichert (1943) $Re>10^{4};{\frac {k}{D}}>0.01$

${\frac {1}{\sqrt {f}}}=2.28-4.0\log _{10}\left({\frac {k}{D}}\right)$