User:Htafer/GGN68

	File:.jpg
Identifiers
Other data
RNA type	Gene; snRNA; snoRNA; CD-box;
PDB structures	PDBe

GGN68 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifiying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

GGN68 is a member of the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contains the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA), which are highly conserved for this snoRNA. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs^[1]. GGN68 features also a highly conserved sequence motif AGATTATGAGAT upstream of the D box, which most likely corresponds to the guide region. It further contains a low complexity region of highly variable length in the midle of its sequence. GGN68 length ranges from 163 nt in mouse up to 289 nt in Tursiops

GGN68 is encoded within the intron between exons 10 and 11 of LARP4 in human . Short RNA fragments deriving from GGN68 were found in human, chicken, cattle and monotremes ^[2] ^[3] ^[4] ^[5] ^[6] ^[7] ^[8]

References

^ Galardi, S.; Fatica, A.; Bachi, A.; Scaloni, A.; Presutti, C.; Bozzoni, I. (October 2002). "Purified Box C/D snoRNPs Are Able to Reproduce Site-Specific 2'-O-Methylation of Target RNA in Vitro". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (19): 6663–6668. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMC 134041. PMID 12215523.
^ Taft, R. J. and Glazov, E. A. and Lassmann, T. and Hayashizaki, Y. and Carninci, P. and Mattick, J. S., title = Small RNAs derived from snoRNAs (2009). RNA. 15: 1233–1240. PMID 19474147. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Missing pipe in: |author= (help); line feed character in |author= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Langenberger, David and Bermudez-Santana, Clara and Stadler, Peter F. and Hoffmann, Steve (2010). "Identification and classification of small RNAs in transcriptome sequence data". Pac.\ Symp.\ Biocomput. 15: 80–87. PMID 19908360. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 52 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 48 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Friedlander, M R and Chen, W and Adamidi, C and Maaskola, J and Einspanier, R and Knespel, S and Rajewsky, N. (2008). "Discovering microRNAs from deep sequencing data using \textttmiRDeep". Nat Biotechnol. 26: 407–415. PMID 18392026. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 54 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Glazov, E A and Kongsuwan, K and Assavalapsakul, W and Horwood, P F and Mitter, N. and Mahony, Timothy J. (2009). "Repertoire of Bovine miRNA and miRNA-Like Small Regulatory RNAs Expressed upon Viral Infection". PLoS ONE. 4: e6349. PMID 19633723. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 55 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 48 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Glazov, E A and Cottee, P A and Barris, W C and Moore, R J and Dalrymple, B P and Tizard, M L (2008). "A microRNA catalog of the developing chicken embryo identified by a deep sequencing approach". Genome Res. 18: 957–964. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Glazov, E A and Cottee, P A and Barris, W C and Moore, R J and Dalrymple, B P and Tizard, M L (2008). "A microRNA catalog of the developing chicken embryo identified by a deep sequencing approach". Genome Res. 18: 957–964. PMID 18469162. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Murchison, E P and Kheradpour, P and Sachidanandam, R and Smith, C and Hodges, E and Xuan, Z and Kellis, M and Grutzner, F and Stark, A and Hannon, G J (2008). "Conservation of small RNA pathways in platypus". Genome Res. 18: 995–1004. PMID 18463306. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 58 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

Page for Small nucleolar RNA at Rfam

[1] Galardi, S.; Fatica, A.; Bachi, A.; Scaloni, A.; Presutti, C.; Bozzoni, I. (October 2002). "Purified Box C/D snoRNPs Are Able to Reproduce Site-Specific 2'-O-Methylation of Target RNA in Vitro". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (19): 6663–6668. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.19.6663-6668.2002. PMC 134041. PMID 12215523.

[2] Taft, R. J. and Glazov, E. A. and Lassmann, T. and Hayashizaki, Y. and Carninci, P. and Mattick, J. S., title = Small RNAs derived from snoRNAs (2009). RNA. 15: 1233–1240. PMID 19474147. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Missing pipe in: |author= (help); line feed character in |author= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Langenberger, David and Bermudez-Santana, Clara and Stadler, Peter F. and Hoffmann, Steve (2010). "Identification and classification of small RNAs in transcriptome sequence data". Pac.\ Symp.\ Biocomput. 15: 80–87. PMID 19908360. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 52 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 48 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Friedlander, M R and Chen, W and Adamidi, C and Maaskola, J and Einspanier, R and Knespel, S and Rajewsky, N. (2008). "Discovering microRNAs from deep sequencing data using \textttmiRDeep". Nat Biotechnol. 26: 407–415. PMID 18392026. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 54 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[5] Glazov, E A and Kongsuwan, K and Assavalapsakul, W and Horwood, P F and Mitter, N. and Mahony, Timothy J. (2009). "Repertoire of Bovine miRNA and miRNA-Like Small Regulatory RNAs Expressed upon Viral Infection". PLoS ONE. 4: e6349. PMID 19633723. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 55 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 48 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[6] Glazov, E A and Cottee, P A and Barris, W C and Moore, R J and Dalrymple, B P and Tizard, M L (2008). "A microRNA catalog of the developing chicken embryo identified by a deep sequencing approach". Genome Res. 18: 957–964. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[7] Glazov, E A and Cottee, P A and Barris, W C and Moore, R J and Dalrymple, B P and Tizard, M L (2008). "A microRNA catalog of the developing chicken embryo identified by a deep sequencing approach". Genome Res. 18: 957–964. PMID 18469162. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 48 (help); line feed character in |title= at position 52 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[8] Murchison, E P and Kheradpour, P and Sachidanandam, R and Smith, C and Hodges, E and Xuan, Z and Kellis, M and Grutzner, F and Stark, A and Hannon, G J (2008). "Conservation of small RNA pathways in platypus". Genome Res. 18: 995–1004. PMID 18463306. {{cite journal}}: line feed character in |author= at position 58 (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

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