User:Grapes of the bear/sandbox
| Grapes of the bear/sandbox | |
|---|---|
.jpg)
| |
| Arctostaphylos crustacea shrub with fruits | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Genus: | Arctostaphylos |
| Species: | A. crustacea
|
| Binomial name | |
| Arctostaphylos crustacea | |
| Synonyms | |
Arctostaphylos crustacea, commonly known as brittleleaf manzanita,[2] is a species of manzanita found mostly in the fog belt of the Central Coast of California and the San Francisco Bay Area. [3].
Description
[edit]Plants of this species are generally shrubs of up to 3 meters in height [4] with smooth, reddish bark,[5] and ovate leaves that are 2-5 centimeters long.[6] This species, unlike many others of the genus manzanita has bifacial leaves, leaves which mostly only have stomata on their lower surface. [7] Fruits of this species are depressed-globose (shaped like a squashed sphere) drupes which contain multiple separate nutlets. The flowers are urn-shaped and grow on multi-branched panicles. [6][8] Plants of this species, like some others in the genus Arctostaphylos, have a burl at their base from which they resprout from after the shrub is top-killed by fires. [3]
Taxonomy
[edit]This species used to be part of the Arctostaphylos tomentosa complex, but was split in 2007. [9] Subspecies of this species include:
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. crustacea — nominate subspecies, found in the Santa Cruz Mountains, the East Bay Hills, as well as parts of Monterey and San Luis Obispo counties.
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. crinita — Found in the southern Santa Cruz Mountains and parts of the Central Coast, twigs hairy with long and short bristles, lower side of leaf covered with dense hairs.[9]
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. eastwoodiana — Very limited range, found in western Santa Barbara County near Lompoc, mostly on substrate derived from siliceous rocks.[6], twigs hairy but without long bristles. [9]
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. insulicola — Found in Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz Islands, mostly on substrate derived from volcanic rocks.[9]
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. rosei — Range very fragmented, found in small specific areas from San Francisco to Monterey County.[3], twigs are hairy but without long bristles.[9]
- Arctostaphylos crustacea ssp. subcordata — Found in Santa Rosa and Santa Cruz Islands. Twigs are covered with glandular hairs.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ Adams, Joseph Edison (May 10, 1935). A Systematic Study of the Genus Arctostaphylos (PhD thesis). University of California Graduate Division. OCLC 18236502.
- ^ Kauffmann, Michael; Parker, Tom; Vasey, Michael (2015). Field Guide to Manzanitas. Backcountry Press. ISBN 978-1-941624-02-9.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
fieldguidewas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Wells, Philip V. (2000). Manzanitas of California: Also of Mexico and the World. ISBN 0-933994-22-2.
- ^ Parker, V. Thomas; Vasey, Michael C.; Keeley, Jon E. (April–June 2007). "TAXONOMIC REVISIONS IN THE GENUS ARCTOSTAPHYLOS (ERICACEAE)". Madroño. 54 (2): 148–155. doi:10.3120/0024-9637(2007)54[148:TRITGA]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 41425696.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
zawarudowas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Arctostaphylos crustacea". Flora of North America. Oxford University Press. September 29, 2009. Retrieved October 20, 2024.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
eflorawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b c d e f Cite error: The named reference
revisionismwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).