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Vertebrate paleofauna

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Based on the Paleobiology Database:[1]

Cartilaginous fish

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Carcharhinus C. sp. Leisure World A requiem shark.
Carcharodon C. arnoldi Lompoc A relative of the great white shark.
C. hastalis
C. planus Leisure World
Cetorhinus C. sp. Leisure World A relative of the basking shark.
Galeocerdo G. aduncus Aliso Viejo A relative of the tiger shark.
Hexanchus H. sp. A sixgill shark.
Isurus I. sp. A mako shark.
Myliobatis sp. Laguna Niguel, Leisure World An eagle ray.
Otodus O. megalodon Altamira Shale, Laguna Niguel, Leisure World, El Toro Altamira Shale, Lower A megatooth shark, the megalodon.
Sphyrna S. sp. Laguna Niguel A hammerhead shark.
Strongyliscus S. robustus Lompoc A bullhead shark.

Bony fish

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Based on Fierstine et al (2012) and the Paleobiology Database. A majority of these are preserved in diatomite, with many, especially the most complete ones, recovered from a diatomaceous earth mine at Lompoc.[2][1]

Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Acipenseridae indet. Mission Viejo Disarticulated partial skeleton. A sturgeon of uncertain affinities.
Achrestogrammus A. achrestus Lompoc Articulated partial skeleton A presumed greenling.
Araeosteus A. rothi Lompoc Articulated skeletons A relative of the prowfish.
Argyropelecus A. affinis Valmonte Diatomite Articulated skeletons, whereabouts uncertain The modern Pacific hatchetfish.
A. bullockii Lompoc Articulated skeletons A marine hatchetfish.
Bathylagus B. angelensis Bairdstown, El Modena, Lompoc Articulated skeletons A deep-sea smelt.
Bolbocara B. gyrinus Lompoc Articulated skeleton A grenadier.
Chauliodus C. eximius Lompoc Articulated skeletons A viperfish.
Cyclothone (=Rogenio) C. cf. solitudinis Bairdstown Articulated skeleton A bristlemouth.
C. sp. El Modena
Cynoscion C. eprepes Lompoc Partial articulated skeletons A weakfish.
Decapterus D. hopkinsi Articulated skeletons A mackerel scad.
Drimys D. defensor Lompoc Articulated skeleton A barracudina.
Eclipes E. cf. extensus Altamira Shale Articulated skeletons A cod.
E. manni Lompoc
E. veternus El Modena
Emmachere E. rhachites Lompoc Articulated skeletons. A goosefish.
Eoscorpius E. primaevus Bairdstown Lost partial skeleton A presumed sablefish, but potentially a scombrid.
Etringus E. sp. Altamira Shale Scales A herring.
Eriquius E. plectrodes Lompoc Articulated skeleton. A surfperch.
Eritima E. evides Bairdstown Articulated skeleton. A cardinalfish.
Euleptorhamphus E. peronides Lompoc Articulated skeletons. A halfbeak. Attribution to Euleptorhamphus doubted.
Euzaphleges E. longurio Lompoc Articulated skeletons. A euzaphlegid scombroid.
Evesthes E. jordani Lompoc Articulated skeletons. A large-tooth flounder.
Forfex F. hypuralis Pine Canyon Articulated skeleton A forficid beloniform.[3]
Ganoessus G. clepsydra El Modena Articulated skeleton. A herring.
G. michaelis Buttle Articulated skeleton.
Ganolytes G. aratus Lompoc Articulated skeleton. A herring.
Gasterosteus G. aculeatus Lompoc Articulated skeletons. The modern three-spined stickleback.
Hexagrammidae indet. Lompoc Lost headless skeleton A greenling.
Hippoglossoides H. pristinus Lompoc Articulated skeleton A righteye flounder.
Hipposyngnathus H. imporcitor Lompoc Articulated skeletons A pipefish.
Ioscion I. morgani Lompoc Lost partial articulated skeleton An ioscionid percomorph, potential carangid affinities.
Istiophoridae indet. Predentary A marlin of uncertain affinities.
Lampanyctus (=Engraulites) L. remifer Lompoc Articulated skeletons. A lanternfish, formerly considered an anchovy.
Lampanyctinae indet. Lompoc Articulated skeleton A lanternfish.
Lampris L. zatima Lompoc, El Capitan Beach Articulated partial skeletons A relative of the opah.
Lirosceles L. elegans Lompoc Articulated skeleton A cottid sculpin.
Lompoquia L. culveri Lompoc Articulated skeleton A drumfish.
L. retropes
Makaira M. nigricans (sensu lato) Rostral fragment The modern blue marlin.
Megalops ?M. vigilax (=Starrias ischyrus) Lompoc Articulated partial skeleton A tarpon.
Molidae indet. An ocean sunfish.
Ocystias O. sagitta Lompoc Lost articulated skeleton A scombrid.
Ophiodon O. ozymandias Lompoc Partial articulated segment A relative of the lingcod.
Opisthonema O. palosverdensis Altamira Shale Articulated skeleton A thread herring.
Ozymandias O. gilberti Lompoc Vertebral segment, skull A scombrid.
Paralichthys P. antiquus Lompoc Head, body fragment A large-tooth flounder.
Plectrites P. classeni Lompoc Articulated skeletons A seabream.
Pleuronichthys P. veliger Lompoc Articulated skeleton A righteye flounder.
Protanthias P. fossilis Lompoc Articulated skeleton An anthias.
Pseudoseriola P. sanctaeineziae Lompoc Articulated skeleton A relative of the bluefish.
Quaesita Q. quisquilia El Modena Articulated skeletons A deep-sea smelt.
Quisque Q. gilberti El Modena Slab with numerous articulated skeletons. A herring.
Rythmias R. starri Lompoc Articulated skeletons A seabream.
Sarda S. stockii Lompoc Lost partial skeleton A bonito.
Scomber S. cf. japonicus (=Turio wilburi, T. culveri, Thyrsion velox, Pneumatophorus cf. grex) Lompoc Articulated skeletons A true mackerel, tentatively referred to the modern chub mackerel.
S. sanctaemonicae (=Auxides sanctaemonicae) Brown's Canyon Partial articulated skeleton A true mackerel.[4]
Scomberessus S. acutillus El Modena Articulated skeletons. A saury, possibly conspecific with Scomberesox edwardsi.
Scorpaena S. ensiger El Modena Articulated skeletons A scorpionfish.
Scorpaenidae indet. (=Lutjanus hagari) El Modena Articulated skeleton A scorpionfish, potentially in Stereolepis.
Sebastes S. apostates Lompoc Articulated skeletons A rockfish.
S. davidi
S. defunctus
S. ineziae
S. longirostris
S. porteousi
S. thermophilus
S. velox
Sebastinus S. sp. Lompoc Lost specimen A rockfish.
Seriola S. sanctaebarbarae Lompoc Articulated skeletons An amberjack.
Syngnathus S. avus Bairdstown, El Modena Articulated skeletons A pipefish.
Thyrsocles T. kriegeri Lompoc Articulated skeletons A euzaphlegid.
Thunnus T. starksi Lompoc Articulated skeleton, head fragment A tuna.
T. sp. Altamira Shale Articulated skeleton, fragments
Trossulus ?T. exoletus Lompoc Lost articulated skeletons A presumed euzaphlegid.
Tunita T. octavia El Modena Partial articulated skeleton A scombrid.
Xestias X. iratus Lompoc Skull, articulated skeleton A scombrid.
Xyne X. grex Lompoc Multiple slabs with numerous articulated skeletons A herring, known from huge fossilized mass mortality assemblages of spawning individuals.
Xyrinius X. barbarae Carpenteria Lost skeletons A herring that may be potentially conspecific with Xyne grex. It is uncertain whether X. houshi is from the Monterey Formation.
X. elmodenae El Modena
?X. houshi
Zanteclites Z. hubbsi Bairdstown Articulated skeleton A Neotropical silverside.
Zelosis Z. hadleyi El Modena Articulated skeleton A halfbeak.

Birds

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Based on the Paleobiology Database:[1]

Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Aethia A. rossmoori Lower An auklet.
Alcodes A. ulnulus Lower A Lucas auk.
Cerorhinca C. dubia Lompoc A relative of the rhinoceros auklet.
C. sp. Lower
Diomedea D. sp. A great albatross.
Fulmarus F. hammeri Lower A fulmar.
Gavia G. brodkorbi A loon.
Limosa L. vanrossemi Lompoc A godwit.
Morus M. lompocanus Lompoc, Monterey A gannet.
M. magnus
M. media (=Miosula)[5] Lompoc
M. willetti (=Sula willetti)[5] Lompoc
Microsula M. sp. Lower A sulid.
Miomancalla M. wetmorei A Lucas auk.
Oceanodroma O. sp. A storm petrel.
Osteodontornis O. orri Tepusquet Creek A pseudotooth bird.
Palaeoscinis P. turdirostris Tepusquet Creek Articulated skeleton A songbird.
Phoebastria P. anglica A North Pacific albatross.
Procellaridae indet. Tepusquet Creek A tubenose of uncertain affinities.
Praemancalla P. lagunensis Lower A Lucas auk.
Presbychen P. abavus Lower A goose.
Puffinus P. barnesi A shearwater.
P. calhouni Lower
P. diatomicus Lompoc
P. priscus Lower
Uria U. brodkorbi Lompoc Articulated skeleton. A murre.

Reptiles

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Based on the Paleobiology Database:[1]

Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Crocodylia indet. A crocodilian of uncertain affinities.
aff. Dermochelys D. sp. Lower A potential relative of the leatherback turtle.
Psephophorus P. sp. Lower A dermochelyid sea turtle.

Mammals

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Cetaceans

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Albicetus A. oxymycterus Santa Barbara A physeteroid toothed whale.
Albireonidae indet. Laguna Niguel An albireonid toothed whale.
Atocetus A. nasalis Laguna Niguel A kentriodontid toothed whale.
"Balaenoptera" "B." ryani Monterey Bay A baleen whale of uncertain affinities.
Delphinapterinae indet. Laguna Niguel A relative of the beluga whale.
Delphinavus D. newhalli Suey Ranch A delphinidan of uncertain affinities.
aff. Kampholophos K. sp. El Toro A kentriodontid toothed whale.
Kogiidae indet. Laguna Niguel A relative of the dwarf sperm whales.
Liolithax L. kernensis El Toro, Leisure World A kentriodontid toothed whale.
aff. Messapicetus M. sp. Laguna Niguel A beaked whale.
Mixocetus M. sp. Laguna Niguel A tranatocetid baleen whale.
Nannocetus N. sp. Laguna Niguel A cetothere.
Norrisanima N. miocaena Lompoc A stem-rorqual whale.
Piscolithax P. tedfordi Laguna Niguel A porpoise.
Pithanodelphis P. sp. Laguna Niguel, El Toro A kentriodontid toothed whale.
Salumiphocaena S. stocktoni Palos Verdes, El Toro Valmonte A porpoise.
Zarhinocetus Z. errabundus Aliso Viejo Lower An allodelphinid toothed whale.

Perissodactylans

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Pliohippus P. sp. El Toro An equid.

Desmostylians

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Desmostylus D. hesperus Monterey Bay, San Luis Obispo, Solvang, Palos Verdes, Leisure World A desmostylian.
Jamilcotatus J. boreios Santa Cruz Island A desmostylian, not officially named.
Neoparadoxia N. cecilialina Mission Viejo A paleoparadoxiid desmostylian.
Paleoparadoxia P. sp. Palos Verdes, Leisure World Altamira Shale A paleoparadoxiid desmostylian.

Carnivorans

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Allodesmus A. cf. sinanoensis Leisure World Lower A desmatophocid pinniped.
Atopotarus A. courseni Palos Verdes Altamira A desmatophocid pinniped.
Borophagus B. sp. El Toro A borophagine canid.
Imagotaria I. downsi Lompoc, Laguna Niguel, Leisure World An odobenid pinniped.
Monachinae indet. Laguna Niguel A monachine seal.
Pithanotaria P. starri Lompoc, Mission Viejo, Laguna Niguel An eared seal.
Pontolis P. barroni Aliso Viejo An odobenid pinniped.
P. cf. magnus Palos Verdes Valmonte

Sirenians

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Dioplotherium D. allisoni El Toro Lower A dugongid related to the dugong.
Dusisiren D. dewana Upper A dugongid related to Steller's sea cow.
D. jordani Lompoc, Moulton Ranch, Laguna Niguel, Leisure World
Metaxytherium M. sp. Leisure World A dugongid.

Paleoflora

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The Monterey Formation contains some of the few examples of fossilized non-calcareous algae in the world, which tend to be preserved in diatomite.[6]

Brown algae

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Paleocystophora P. subopposita A brown algae, family Cystoseiraceae.
Paleohalidrys P. californica A brown algae, family Cystoseiraceae.
P. occidentalis
P. superba
Julescraneia J. grandicornis A kelp, family Lessoniaceae.

Plants (green and red algae)

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Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Caulerpites C. denticulata A green alga.
Chondrides C. flexilis A red alga.
Paleosiphonia P. oppositiclada A red alga.
  1. ^ a b c d Czaplewski, John J. "PBDB Navigator". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
  2. ^ California Academy of Sciences (1890). Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco : California Academy of Sciences.
  3. ^ "PBDB Collection". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
  4. ^ "PBDB Taxon". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-09-24.
  5. ^ a b Ksepka, Daniel T.; Tennyson, Alan J. D. (2024-01-01). "Oldest fossil record of Sulidae from New Zealand". Journal of Ornithology. 165 (1): 277–280. doi:10.1007/s10336-023-02117-0. ISSN 2193-7206.
  6. ^ "Monterey Formation - Algae". ucmp.berkeley.edu. Retrieved 2024-11-18.