User:Gaudeashish/sandbox/marathi

Marathi

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• LANGUAGE

A language of India

ISO 639-3

mar

Alternate Names

Maharashtra, Maharathi, Malhatee, Marthi, Muruthu

Autonym

मराठी‎ (Marāṭhī)

Population

95,200,000 in India, all users. L1 users: 83,000,000 in India (2011 census). L2 users: 12,200,000 (2001 census). Total users in all countries: 95,312,800 (as L1: 83,112,800; as L2: 12,200,000).

Location

Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Goa, Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh states; Maharashtra state: Belgaum, Bidar, and Karnataka districts.

Language Maps

India: Index map

Language Status

2 (Provincial). Statutory provincial language in Maharashtra State (1950, Constitution, Schedule VIII).

Classification

Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Outer Languages, Southern

Dialects

Gawdi of Goa, Kasargod, Kosti, Kudali, Nagpuri Marathi. 42 dialects. Complex dialect situation. Dialects bordering other major language areas share many features with those languages. Dialects or closely related languages: Konkani [knn], Goan Konkani [gom], Deccan [dcc], Varhadi-Nagpuri [vah], and Gowlan [goj]. There is a dialect in Thanjavur District and elsewhere in Tamil Nadu influenced lexically by Tamil [tam] and Kannada [kan], with at least 100,000 speakers.

Typology

SOV; postpositions; noun head final; gender (masculine/feminine/neuter); no articles; case-marking (7 cases); verb affixes mark person, number; passives; tense and aspect; 37 consonants, 8 vowels, 2 diphthongs; non-tonal.

Language Use

The Bene Israel are a Marathi-speaking Jewish group in Mumbai. Used as L2 by Ahirani [ahr], Bhalay [bhx], Far Western Muria [fmu], Gowli [gok], Indo-Portuguese [idb], Katkari [kfu], Khandesi [khn], Korku [kfq], Korlai Creole Portuguese [vkp], Lambadi [lmn], Mawchi [mke], Nihali [nll], Noiri [noi], Northern Gondi [gno], Northwestern Kolami [kfb], Palya Bareli [bpx], Pardhan [pch], Pauri Bareli [bfb], Powari [pwr], Rathwi Bareli [bgd], Saraiki [skr], Tulu [tcy], Vaagri Booli [vaa], Varli [vav], Vasavi [vas], Waddar [wbq].

Language Development

Literacy rate in L1: 77% (2001 census). Literacy rate in L2: 77% (2001 census). Fully developed. Bible: 1821–2002.

Language Resources

OLAC resources in and about Marathi

Writing

Braille script [Brai]. Devanagari script [Deva], primary usage.

Other Comments

The Habshi are Muslim, descended from East African slaves brought to western India. Are is a synonym for a Marathi caste name. Are also refers to Marathi-speaking communities in south India. Hindu, Jewish, Muslim.

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External links

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