User:Fschulenburg (Public Policy)/Public Policy

Public policy

Definition

Public Policy

is goal oriented
is made by public authorities
consists of patterns of actions taken over time
is a response to pressure about some perceived problem
can be positive (purposive action) or negative (purposive decision not to take action)

Definition by Birkland, 2001: "Public policy includes the process of making choices and the outcomes or actions of particular decisions; that what makes public policy “public” is that these choices or actions are backed by the coercive powers of the state; and that at its core, public policy is a response to a perceived problem."

Public policy on Wikipedia

Public policy by topic

Note: the system below follows the structure of the PolicyArchive's database (as by August 2009).

Agriculture, forestry and fishing

Main article: Agricultural policy of the United States

Subtopics

Agricultural economics and farm holdings
Agricultural extension, research, and technology
Agricultural population and workers
Agriculture and agricultural policy
Beverage industry
Crop management
Fiber industry
Fish industry
Forests and forest products industry
Fruit industry
Grain, seed, and nut industries
Livestock, meat, and animal products industry
Processed food industries
Tobacco industry
Vegetable industry

Banking and finance

Main article: Fiscal policy of the United States

Subtopics

Banking operations and services
Banks and other financial institutions
Central banks
Commodity exchanges
Credit and loans
Currency
Financial instruments
Financial planning and risk
International banking and finance
International financial institutions
Investments and securities
Money and monetary policy see Monetary policy of the United States
Personal finance and saving
Philanthropy and nonprofit sector
Public finance
Stock exchanges
Taxation and tax policy see Taxation in the United States

Business

Main article: Business policy of the United States

Subtopics

Accounting
Acquisitions and mergers
Acquisitions and mergerss
Advertising and public relations
Business and business enterprises
Business and government
Business finance
Business operations and practices
Business organization, administration, and management
Entertainment business
Entrepreneurs, executives, and business personnel and occupations
Hospitality and tourism business
Insurance
Markets, marketing, and merchandising
Personal and housekeeping services
Real estate business
Retail business

Culture and religion

Main articles: Cultural policy of the United States; Religion policy of the United States

Subtopics

Arts and arts policy
Calendars, special days, and ceremonies
Cultural heritage and preservation
Culture and civilization
Intellectual life
Language and languages, see Language policy
Literature
Multiculturalism and cultural relations
Museums, memorials, and monuments
Music
National characteristics
Religion and religious groups
Symbols, emblems, and awards

Economics

Main articles: Economic policy of the United States

Subtopics

Consumers and consumption
Economic conditions
Economic policy, planning, and development
Economic relations
Economic research
Economic theory
Infrastructure
Property and wealth

Education

Main articles: Education policy of the United States

Subtopics

Adult, technical, and vocational education
Colleges and universities
Curriculum
Education
Education financing, facilities, and equipment
Education personnel and population
Education policy and planning
Educational psychology and learning ability
Information services and sources
Libraries
School administration
Schools
Statistics, research, and research methods and financing
Study abroad
Teaching methods

Energy

Main article: Energy policy of the United States

Subtopics

Coal industry
Electric power
Energy policy
Energy research and technology
Fuels
Natural gas industry
Nuclear power
Petroleum industry
Renewable energy sources

Environment

Main article: Environmental policy of the United States

Subtopics

Animals
Buildings and structures
Ecology
Environmental policy
Forest management
Geography and cartography
Land resources and use, Space policy
Mining and mineral resources
Natural disasters
Ocean and ocean resources
Parks, nature reserves, and open spaces
Pollution and environmental degradation
Radioactive and dangerous substances
Wastes and waste management
Water, waterways, and water management
Weather and climate

Articles

Environmental policy, Environmental policy of the United States, Reorganization Plan No. 3,United States Environmental Protection Agency, Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Lisa P. Jackson, Stephen L. Johnson, Mike Leavitt, Christine Todd Whitman, Carol Browner, William K. Reilly, Lee M. Thomas, William Ruckelshaus, Anne Gorsuch Burford, Douglas M. Costle, Russell E. Train, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Conservation Effects Assessment Project, Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, Conservation Reserve Program, Air Pollution Control Act, Clean Air Act, Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act, Clean Air Act Amendments, Air Quality Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Clean Air Act Extension, Toxic Substances Control Act, Clean Air Act Amendments, Clean Air Act Amendments, Water Pollution Control Act, Water Quality Act, Clean Waters Restoration Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Water Quality Improvement Act, Federal Water Pollution Control Amendments of 1972, Safe Drinking Water Act, Toxic Substances Control Act, Clean Water Act, Water Quality Act, Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, Wilderness Act, Scenic Rivers Preservation Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Wilderness Act, Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act, Wilderness Act, Alaska Land Protection Act, California Desert Protection Act, Food Quality Protection Act, Coordination Act, Endangered Species Preservation Act, Endangered Species Conservation Act, Marine Mammal Protection Act, Endangered Species Act, Solid Waste Disposal Act, National Environmental Policy Act, Resource Recovery Act, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, Nuclear Waste Repository Act, Hazardous and Solid Wastes Amendments Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act, Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, EPA Safer Detergents Stewardship Initiative (SDSI), Council on Environmental Quality, Nancy Sutley, Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency, United States Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, EPA 9/11 pollution controversy, Environmental justice movement, Superfund

Government

Main article: Government policy of the United States

Subtopics

Central or federal government
Communism and socialism
Executive power
Foreign relations see Foreign policy of the United States
Government agencies and bodies
Government employees
Intergovernmental relations
Internal security
Legislative power and procedure
Local and municipal government
Nation state
Public administration
Public finance
Public officials
Public policy
Public services and utilities
State or regional government

Health

Main article: Health policy of the United States

Subtopics

Dental health services
Diseases and disorders
Food and nutrition
Health care financing
Health care planning
Health promotion
Health services administration
Health services for adolescents
Health services for children
Health services for low income people
Health services for men
Health services for minorities
Health services for non-citizens
Health services for older people
Health services for the chronically ill
Health services for the disabled
Health services for the uninsured
Health services for women
Hospitals and other health care facilities
Licensing and regulation
Medical research and technology
Mental health
Pharmaceutical services, see Category:Pharmaceuticals policy, Category:Drug policy, Drug policy of the United States
Physicians, nurses, and other health personnel
Preventive health services
Quality of health care
Tissue and organ procurement

Human rights

Main article: Human Rights policy of the United States

Subtopics

Civil and political rights
Economic, social, and cultural rights
Human rights promotion and violations

International relations

Main article: Foreign policy of the United States

Subtopics

Diplomacy
International and regional organizations
International peace and security
International relations
International relief and humanitarian assistance
Treaties
War

Justice

Main article: Justice policy of the United States

Subtopics

Courts and judicial power
Crime and criminals
International courts
Judgments and sentences
Legal procedure
Legal profession and occupations
Police and law enforcement
Prisoners and imprisonment
Prisons and correctional facilities and personnel

Labor

Main article: Labor policy of the United States

Subtopics

Employment and labor supply
Labor conditions, wages, salaries, and benefits
Labor policy
Occupational health and safety
Unions
Work and labor
Work design
Workplaces

Law and ethics

Main article: Law policy of the United States

Subtopics

Administrative law
Civil law
Commercial law
Constitutional law
Corporations and securities law
Criminal law
Environmental law
Ethics
Family law
Health law
Immigration law
Intellectual property, copyright, patent, and trademark law
International law
Labor law
Law and jurisprudence
Liability, torts, and personal injury
Local government law
Maritime law
Military and martial law
Public law
Real estate and property law

Manufacturing and industry

Main articles: Manufacturing policy of the United States; Industry policy of the United States

Subtopics

Appliance and furnishing industries
Automotive industry
Building and construction
Chemical industries
Clothing and textile industry
Computer and electronics industry
Industrial management, production, and productivity
Industrial materials
Industry and industrial policy
Machinery and equipment industry
Manufacturing and manufactured goods
Metals industry
Pharmaceutical industry

Media, telecommunications, and information

Main articles: Media policy of the United States; Telecommunications policy of the United States; Information policy of the United States

Subtopics

Broadcasting
Communication systems
Electronic data processing, transmission, and retrieval
Film and video
Information policy
Journalism and the news
Mass media
Press
Print media and publishing
Radio
Telecommunications
Telephone
Television

Military and defense

Main article: Military policy of the United States

Subtopics

Military bases and buildings
Military equipment and weapons
Military personnel
Military planning, strategy, and
Military planning, strategy, and operations
Military policy
Military service
Military spending
National security
Veterans

Politics

Main article: Political policy of the United States

Subtopics

Campaigns, lobbying, and pressure groups
Elections and voting
Insurgency, and counterinsurgency
Nationalism
Political dissent
Political ethics
Political ideologies and movements
Political parties and groups
Political status
Politics

Population and demographics

Main article: Population policy of the United States

Subtopics

Children and youth
Demography and census
Disabled
Ethnic and racial groups
Family planning
Immigrants and aliens
Immigration and immigration policy
Men
Migrants and migration
Native races
Older people
Refugees
Women

Science and technology

Main article: Science policy of the United States

Subtopics

Astronomy and space science and technology
Biology and biotechnology
Computer science and information technology
Science and science policy
Scientific equipment
Scientific research
Scientists, engineers, and technical workers
Technology and technology policy

Social conditions

Main article: Social conditions policy of the United States

Subtopics

Alcohol and drug addiction and trafficking
Associations and meetings
Communication
Community life and organization
Discrimination and affirmative action
History
Housing
Leisure, recreation, and hobbies
Marriage and family life
Poverty and homelessness
Psychology
Public welfare and social services
Race relations
Rural conditions
Safety and security
Sex
Social conditions and problems
Social movements
Social policy
Social research
Social sciences and social scientists
Social status
Social values
Sports
Urban conditions
Volunteerism

Trade

Main article: Trade policy of the United States

Subtopics

Commercial treaties and agreements
Common markets, free trade associations, and monetary unions
Customs administration and duties
Export-import trade
Free trade and protection

Transportation

Main article: Transportation policy of the United States

Subtopics

Air transport
Freight transport
Highways
Inland water transport
Mail and delivery service
Maritime industry and transport
Motor transport
Motor vehicles
Railroads and trains
Ships and boats
Traffic and traffic regulation
Transportation
Transportation policy and planning
Urban transport

Public policy as a Concept and a Field of Study

Public policy as a Concept
- Key terms: Public policy

Fields of Policy Study
- Policy and politics
- Policy process
- Policy analysis
- Policy evaluation
- Policy design
- Policymakers and policymaking institutions
- Policy implementations

Research Methods
- Statistical analysis
- Case studies
- Cost analysis
- Risk assessment
- Text analysis
- Delphi technique

Public policy research