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Kadero
[edit]  Location of Kadero in Sudan | |
| Location | Sudan |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 15°45′N 32°33′E / 15.75°N 32.55°E |
| History | |
| Associated with | Neolithic pastoralists |
| Site notes | |
| Archaeologists | Lech Krzyzaniak |
Kadero is an archaeological site located in Central Sudan, northeast of Khartoum, Sudan and east of the Nile River. [1][2] The site consists of burial grounds and two sand mounds around 1.5 meters in elevation, altogether encompassing around three hectares. [2][3] Kadero was occupied during the Neolithic period, dating to around 5960 and 5030 B.P.. [3]
Context
[edit]Kadero is one of thousands of Neolithic sites in Sudan, which are mostly concentrated near the Nile River. [4]
Human settlement at Kadero was at its highest during the early Neolithic Period, but the area was used as a burial site and a seasonal settlement up to the Late Neolithic. [2]
The economy of the people at Kadero was likely one of pastoralism, more specifically cattle husbandry, and gathering. [2]
Kadero may have served as a home base for peoples that inhabited a larger area, moving to sites such as Zakiab during dry seasons. [4]
Artifacts at Kadero
[edit]The two sand mounds, referred to as the northern and southern middens, contain much of Kadero's artifacts. [2]
Human remains
[edit]248 graves have been found at Kadero, 218 of them dating to the Neolithic period and the rest dating to the Meriotic and Post-Meriotic. [2] Out of the 218 Neolithic graves, only 2 date to the Late Neolithic. [2].
This constricted, tightened positioning was most drastic within Neolithic skeletons but was present throughout the site. [3]
Pottery
[edit]Musical Instruments
[edit]Jewelry
[edit]Lithic/Stone Implements
[edit]Faunal Remains
[edit]Interpretations
[edit]Archaeologists are relatively certain that the populations who lived and were buried at Kadero are not analogous to peoples living in the area today. [3] Morphological studies of the skeletons show similarities with peoples from more equatorial areas of Africa, suggesting that the peoples at Kadero moved south.
References
[edit]Armelagos, George & Greene, David. (1978). On the Interpretation of the Kadero (Sudan) Neolithic Population. Current Anthropology, 19. 10.1086/202106.
Barakat, H. N. (1995). Middle Holocene vegetation and human impact in central Sudan: charcoal from the neolithic site at Kadero. Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 4(2), 101–108. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23417550
Chłodnicki, Marek, and Karla Kroeper. Kadero: The Lech Krzyźaniak Excavations in the Sudan. Poznań Archaeological Museum, 2011.
Dzierzykray-Rogalski, T. (1977). Neolithic Skeletons From Kadero, Sudan. Current Anthropology, 18(3), 585–586. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2741436
Dzierzykray-Rogalski, T., & Krzyzaniak, L. (1978). More on the Kadero Neolithic Human Remains. Current Anthropology, 19(3), 634–636. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2741801
Garcea, E. A. A. (2020). The prehistory of the sudan. ProQuest Ebook Central https://ebookcentral.proquest.com
Gautier, A. (2007). The faunal remains of the Early Neolithic site Kadero, Central Sudan. In K. Kroeper, M. Chłodnicki, M. Kobusiewicz, & L. Kryżaniak (Eds.), Studies in African Archaeology (Vol. 9, pp. 113–117). Presented at the International symposium on Archaeology of early Northeastern Africa : in memory of Lech Krzyżaniak, Poznań, Poland: Poznań Archaeological Museum.
Haaland, R. (1987). Socio-economic differentiation in the Neolithic Sudan . B.A.R.
Krzyzaniak, L. (1976). The Archaeological Site of Kadero, Sudan. Current Anthropology, 17(4), 762–762. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2741286
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Category:Archaeological sites in Sudan Category:Neolithic sites Category:Archaeology of death
- ^ Krzyzaniak, Lech (1976). "The Archaeological Site of Kadero, Sudan". Current Anthropology. 17 (4): 762–762. ISSN 0011-3204.
- ^ a b c d e f g HerausgeberIn., Chłodnicki, Marek, HerausgeberIn. Kobusiewicz, Michał HerausgeberIn. Kröper, Karla,. Kadero : the Lech Krzyżaniak excavations in the Sudan. ISBN 978-3-946654-27-8. OCLC 958023023.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d Barakat, HalaNayel (1995). "Middle Holocene vegetation and human impact in central Sudan: charcoal from the neolithic site at Kadero". Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. 4 (2). doi:10.1007/bf00206918. ISSN 0939-6314. Cite error: The named reference ":1" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ a b Garcea, Elena. The Prehistory of the Sudan. ISBN 3-030-47185-3. OCLC 1237448434.