User:Femto/Elementbox legend and prototype
Appearance
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Name, Symbol, Number | gold, Au, 79 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Chemical series | transition metals | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Group, Period, Block | 11, 6, d | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Appearance | metallic yellow | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CAS registry number | 7440-57-5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic mass | 196.96655(2) g/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electron configuration | [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Crystal structure | cubic face centered | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oxidation states | 3, 1 (amphoteric) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electronegativity | 2.54 (Pauling scale) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic radius | 135 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Atomic radius (calc.) | 174 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Covalent radius | 144 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Van der Waals radius | 166 pm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Physical properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phase | solid | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Density (near r.t.) | 19.3 g/cm³ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Liquid density at m.p. | 17.31 g/cm³ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Melting point | 1337.33 K (1064.18 °C, 1947.52 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Boiling point | 3129 K (2856 °C, 5173 °F) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of fusion | 12.55 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat of vaporization | 324 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heat capacity | (25 °C) 25.418 J/(mol·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal conductivity | (300 K) 318 W/(m·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Material properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Young's modulus | 78 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bulk modulus | 220 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shear modulus | 27 GPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Poisson ratio | 0.44 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mohs hardness | 2.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vickers hardness | 216 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brinell hardness | 2450 MPa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Thermal expansion | (25 °C) 14.2 µm/(m·K) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Speed of sound (thin rod) | (r.t.) (hard-drawn) 2030 m/s | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Magnetic ordering | diamagnetic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Electrical resistivity | (20 °C) 22.14 nΩm | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Miscellaneous | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ionization energies | 1st: 890.1 kJ/mol | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2nd: 1980 kJ/mol | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notable isotopes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References |
(*) links to the currently used userpage templates
- {{Elementbox_header}} (*) opens the table; generates TableImage link and navigational stuff; first heading "General"; name, symbol, number
- {{Elementbox_series}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_groupperiodblock}} (*) three parameters; generates links group_X_element, period_X_element, and X_block
- {{Elementbox_appearance}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_appearance_img}} (*) includes standard link image (omit space after image name)
- {{Elementbox_cas_number}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_section_atomicprop}} (*) heading with color parameters
- {{Elementbox_atomicmass_gpm}} (*) includes unit gram per mole
- {{Elementbox_econfig}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_epershell}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_crystalstruct}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_oxistates}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_electroneg_pauling}} (*) includes pauling scale
- {{Elementbox_atomicradius_pm}} (*) includes unit picometre
- {{Elementbox_atomicradiuscalc_pm}} (*) includes units picometre; condition "calculated"
- {{Elementbox_covalentradius_pm}} (*) includes unit picometre
- {{Elementbox_vanderwaalsrad_pm}} (*) includes unit picometre
- {{Elementbox_section_physicalprop}} (*) heading with color parameters
- {{Elementbox_phase}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_density_gpcm3nrt}} (*) includes unit gram per cubic centimetre; condition near room temperature
- {{Elementbox_densityliq_gpcm3mp}} (*) includes unit gram per cubic centimetre; condition liquid at melting point
- {{Elementbox_meltingpoint}} (*) three parameters; includes units kelvin, celsius/fahrenheit degrees
- {{Elementbox_boilingpoint}} (*) three parameters; includes units kelvin, celsius/fahrenheit degrees
- {{Elementbox_heatfusion_kjpmol}} (*) includes unit kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_heatvaporiz_kjpmol}} (*) includes unit kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_heatcapacity_jpmolkat25}} (*) includes unit joule per mole kelvin; condition at 25 °C
- {{Elementbox_thermalcond_wpmkat300k}} (*) includes unit watt per metre kelvin; condition at 300 K
- {{Elementbox_vaporpressure_katpa}} (*) embedded sub-table; six parameters plus a comment
- {{Elementbox_section_materialprop}} (*) heading with color parameters
- {{Elementbox_youngsmodulus_gpa}} (*) includes unit gigapascal
- {{Elementbox_bulkmodulus_gpa}} (*) includes unit gigapascal
- {{Elementbox_shearmodulus_gpa}} (*) includes unit gigapascal
- {{Elementbox_poissonratio}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_mohshardness}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_vickershardness_mpa}} (*) includes unit megapascal
- {{Elementbox_brinellhardness_mpa}} (*) includes unit megapascal
- {{Elementbox_thermalexpansion_umpmk}} (*) includes unit micrometre per metre kelvin
- {{Elementbox_thermalexpansion_umpmkat25}} (*) includes unit micrometre per metre kelvin; condition at 25 °C
- {{Elementbox_speedofsound_mps}} (*) includes unit metre per second
- {{Elementbox_speedofsound_rodmpsat20}} (*) includes unit metre per second; condition in thin rod at 20 °C
- {{Elementbox_speedofsound_rodmpsatrt}} (*) includes unit metre per second; condition in thin rod at room temp
- {{Elementbox_magnetic}} (*) simple key/content
- {{Elementbox_eresist_ohmm}} (*) includes unit ohm metre (omit space to include prefix)
- {{Elementbox_eresist_ohmmat0}} (*) includes unit ohm metre (omit space to include prefix); condition at 0 °C
- {{Elementbox_eresist_ohmmat20}} (*) includes unit ohm metre (omit space to include prefix); condition at 20 °C
- {{Elementbox_section_miscellaneous}} (*) heading with color parameters
- {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies1}} (*) one row and parameter; includes unit kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies2}} (*) two rows and parameters; includes units kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies3}} (*) three rows and parameters; includes units kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_ionizationenergies4}} (*) three rows and parameters plus a more link; includes units kilojoule per mole
- {{Elementbox_isotopes_begin}} (*) opens isotopes sub-table; includes heading
- {{Elementbox_isotopes_decay}} (*) decaying entry row; parameters halflife, energy, etc.
- {{Elementbox_isotopes_stable}} (*) stable entry row; X is stable with Y neutrons
- {{Elementbox_isotopes_end}} (*) closes isotope table
- {{Elementbox_footer}} (*) bottom line; closes the table