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Moroccan Cuisine
Moroccan Cuisine has influences from around the Africa, Middle East, and Europe due to its close location to all of these regions geographically. This geographical location gives Morocco easy access to trade products and ideas, seen with the vegetable seed controversies currently happening, to all of the locations. Common crops found in the region include carrots, beans, peas, and onions. The region often uses dryland farming and there are currently large debates about agronomic vs. agricultural crop growth. In terms of food security in Morocco, the agriculture industry provides security for a significant part of the population with the physical food, a spot in the workforce, and ultimately income as well. Morocco hosts outdoor food markets in secluded areas, causing men to do the grocery shopping for households. In Morocco's early history, a lot of origins for crops like wheat were destroyed by drought which set the country up for a period of hunger and recovery that still exists a bit today. Due to this current state of hunger, during the 1980s Northern African government began making movements toward food security in their policy amendments.
OUTLINE:
Agricultural Practices
[edit]- Dryland farming--have source found, waiting on ILLIad request
- Morocco has farming practices and expansion ideas coming from their neighboring economies and countries, each of which introduces new ideas and crops to the population's diet. Morocco's, "Farmers produce primarily grains for human & animal consumption; other crops are introduced as farm size increases, more labor & capital can be appropriated, & staple food crops are secured. A large portion of the income generated from commercialized agricultural products is used to purchase food items not produced on farm."[1]
Agronomic vs. Agricultural crop controversies (agronomic dominate Morocco)
[edit]Morroco's conveinent location allows their ports to exchange with European, Middle Eastern, and African nations. The issue with this is that not all of the vegetables, crops, and seed varieties being exchanged have an ideal climate for cultivation in Morocco.
- Impact on job market
- “they do not have their own vegetable breeding industry to develop new varieties specific to their environments.”[2]
- little seed knowledge about what they’re growing/selling
- “Even in remote underdeveloped areas, consumers have become accustomed to the opportunity to choose among various vegetable products in the marketplace, and tend to purchase only those that have the best appearance with consistent size, shape, colour, etc. This was highly evident in Morocco, and this situation really limits the varieties that a particular vegetable grower can produce and market effectively. Thus, small or subsistence farmers in these areas must grow vegetable products that consumers will purchase, which means either hybrid or open-pollinated, pure-line varieties that have consistent quality and appearance.”[2]
Food Security In Morocco:
- “Agriculture is central to the food security and economic growth of developing countries, and is the primary source of income for most of the world’s poor (Wheeler and Kay 2010). [2]
Gender Roles in regards to food:
- To fulfill household food needs, families in Morroco visit their outdoor food markets, known as the sūq. Women traditionally cook and prepare the meals for families, including their extensive lghiddā', lunch. Men are given the responsibility to do the food shopping since they tend to be not centrally located. [3]
Hunger:
- In 1878, Morocco's kingdom of wheat crops was destroyed by a drought which ultimately led to a food shortage and crisis. [4]
- Common health related issues in this region due to hunger and malnutrition include anemia, (work to expand on this)[5]
Obesity Issues in Morocco:
- SOURCE TO COME BACK TO LATER: Rguibi M, Belahsen R. Overweight and obesity among urban Sahraoui women of south Morocco. Ethn Dis. 2004;14:542– 547.
Political Policy:
- In the 1980s, liberalization policies began to be prevelant in Northern Aftricanfood policies to sway away from favoring economic markets and toward securing citizens with both local and imported goods[6]
- ^ "The Subsistence Basis of Dryland Farming: Implications for Agricultural Research and Policy". Rural Sociological Society.
- ^ a b c "Vegetable seed availability and implications for developing countries: A perspective from Morocco". Outlook on Agriculture. 45.
- ^ Coleman, Leo (2011). Food: Ethnographic Encounters. London, UK: Berg. pp. 83–96. ISBN 978-1-84788-907-2.
- ^ Holden, Stacy (2009). The Politics of Food in Modern Morocco. Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida. ISBN 978-0-8130-3373-0.
- ^ "Breaking the poverty/malnutrition cycle in Africa and the Middle East". Nutrition Reviews®. 67.
- ^ "Food Policies in North Africa and Their Consequences on Agro-Pastoral Societies". Revue Tiers Monde. 46.