User:Ehua10/sandbox

Community Development article:

• Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference   
• Is everything in the article relevant to the article topic? Is there anything that distracted you?
• Is the article neutral? Are there any claims, or frames, that appear heavily biased toward a particular position?
• Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?  
• Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented? 
• Check a few citations. Do the links work? Is there any close paraphrasing or plagiarism in the article?
• Is any information out of date? Is anything missing that could be added?
• Check the "talk" page of the article - what is the Wikipedia community saying about how to present this topic? How is the article rated in terms of Wikipedia's quality scale? 

Not every fact is referenced with a reliable reference. Everything in the article is related to the article topic. The title "The Global South" confused me; maybe a better title would help. The article is mostly neutral with a few biased terms such as "important." Info comes from scholarly work. I feel that viewpoints of other countries are not represented enough. From what I have checked, there seems to be no plagiarism. There is not info that is out of date.

African Americans in California

Source 1: https://www.jstor.org/stable/25177592?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=african&searchText=american&searchText=california&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Facc%3Don%26amp%3BQuery%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bcalifornia%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff&seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents

First I will state the updated number of people of this group in California as of 2016.

Source 1.5: https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF

According to U.S. Census Bureau, those identified as African American or black make up 6.2% or 2,299,072 residents in California.

Second, I will include the history of mobilization of this group of people into California.

Africans first appeared in California from Mexico due to the Spanish Conquest (5). The first census recorded of African Americans in California appeared in 1850 with 962 people and 1860 with 4,086 people (6). Then, in 1910 the number rose to 22,000 (1). African Americans totaled to less than one percent of California's population before the Second World War (1). Post-WWII, African Americans boosted its population enormously in California (1) The population of African Americans grew slowly with other minorities in California, with only 21,645 African American residents in 1910 compared to two million white residents. (4)

Third,

African American residents of California were first mentioned in 1919 by black Californian historian Delilah Beasley, and later on Rudolph Lapp, others. (1) More information appeared in journals such as The Journal of Negro history and The Journal of African American History. (3) More historical coverage of African Americans in California were published by the California Eagle, California Voice, and Los Angeles Sentinel. (1)

Fourth, I will include their involvement in education.

Source 2: https://www.jstor.org/stable/2963084?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=african&searchText=american&searchText=california&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Facc%3Don%26amp%3BQuery%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bcalifornia%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Educational opportunities: After a petition sent by African Americans to the Los Angeles Board of Education in 1872, the California Supreme Court ruled Ward v. Floor current segregation in educational practices as unconstitutional, breaching U.S. Constitution's 14th and 15th amendments (4). African students in lower education increased from 24 in 1870 to 183 by the late 19th century, and ranked highest performing students in literacy subjects in 1900 (4). In 1994, California's African American students made up about seven percent of higher education, which comprised of only nine percent in the country of higher education attainment by African Americans. (2)

Source 3: https://www.jstor.org/stable/20064043?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=african&searchText=american&searchText=california&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Facc%3Don%26amp%3BQuery%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bcalifornia%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff&seq=2#page_scan_tab_contents

Source 4: https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5323/jafriamerhist.97.4.0376?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=african&searchText=american&searchText=california&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Facc%3Don%26amp%3BQuery%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bcalifornia%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bfc%3Doff

"In 1872, African Americans petitioned the Los Angeles Board of Education to end segregation and began a series of court cases to overturn the practice. In Ward v. Floor (`874), a case that lasted two years and centered on a young girl named Mary Ward, California Supreme Court agreed that both the 14th and 15th amendements to the US Constitution had been violated and that children of color deserved access to public educaiton institiutions.

In 1870, the number of African American school-aged children in LA totaled twenty-four out of 203 colored children.

And by the end of the 19th century, 183 (69 percent) African American children between the ages of 6 and 17 were enrolled in public schools.7

In addition, by 1900, African Americans in Los Angeles had the highest literacy rate for the entire state; San Francisco ranked second, and Alameda trailed closely behind. By 1910, 1,115 (92 percent) black children ages 6 to 14 were enrolled in the public schools, accounting for almost half of all African American students in California."

Source 5: https://www.jstor.org/stable/1048813?Search=yes&resultItemClick=true&searchText=african&searchText=american&searchText=california&searchUri=%2Faction%2FdoBasicSearch%3Ffc%3Doff%26amp%3Bpage%3D2%26amp%3BQuery%3Dafrican%2Bamerican%2Bcalifornia%26amp%3Bsd%3D%26amp%3Bgroup%3Dnone%26amp%3Bacc%3Don%26amp%3Bwc%3Don%26amp%3Bed%3D&seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

Source 6: Cali af amer stats http://www.ncpedia.org/sites/default/files/census_stats_1790-1860.pdf