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Mars landers

[edit]
Table consisting of list of Mars landers
S.No Landers Launch Date Landing Date Mass (kg)[1] Landing Site Region Status Country of Origin MOLA Entry Velocity References
6. Viking 1 20 Aug 1975 20 Jul 1976 572 22.27°N 47.95°W Chryse Planitia Success  USA -3.5 4.61 km/sec [2]
7. Viking 2 09 Sep 1975 03 Sep 1976 572 47.64°N 225.71°W Utopia Planitia Success  USA -3.5 4.61 km/sec [3]
11. Mars Pathfinder 04 Dec 1996 04 Jul 1997 361 19°7′48″ N 33°18′12″W Ares Vallis Success  USA -2.5 7.26 km/sec [4][5]
12. Mars Polar Lander 03 Jan 1999 03 Dec 1999 583 76°S 195°W Ultimi Scopuli Failed  USA -3.0 6.91 km/sec [6][7]
13. Beagle 2 02 Jun 2003 25 Dec 2003 33.2 11.5265°N 90.4295°E Isidis Planitia Failed  United Kingdom - 5.63 km/sec [8][9]
14. Spirit rover 10 Jun 2003 4 Jan 2004 174 14.5684°S 175.4726°E Gusev Crater Success  USA -1.9 5.4 Km/sec [10][11][12]
15. Opportunity rover 07 Jul 2003 25 Jan 2004 174 1.9462°S 354.4743°E Meridiani Planum Success  USA -1.4 5.5 Km/sec [10][13][12]
16. Phoenix lander 04 Aug 2007 5 May 2008 350 68.22°N 125.7°W Vastitas Borealis Success  USA -3.5 5.59 km/sec [4]
17. Curiosity rover 26 Nov 2011 5 Aug 2012 899 4.5895°S 137.4417°E Gale Crater Operational  USA 2.0 5.6 km/sec [14][15][12]
18. Schiaparelli EDM 14 Mar 2016 19 Oct 2016 577 2.052°S 6.208°W Meridiani Planum Failed European UnionESA/ Russia 1.45 5.83 km/sec [16]
19. InSight Mars Lander 5 May 2018 26 Nov 2018 727 4.5°N 135.9°E Elysium Planitia Success  USA -2.5 6.3 km/sec [17]
20. Perseverance rover 30 Jul 2020 18 Feb 2021 1,025 18.4447°N 77.4508°E Jezero crater Operational  USA - - [18]
21. Tianwen-1 23 July 2020 14 May 2021 240 25.1°N 109.7°E Utopia Planitia Operational  China - - [19]
  1. ^ M, Malaya Kumar Biswal; A, Ramesh Naidu (2018-08-23). "A Novel Entry, Descent and Landing Architecture for Mars Landers". arXiv:1809.00062 [physics.pop-ph].
  2. ^ "Viking 1 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  3. ^ "Viking 2 Lander". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  4. ^ a b Shevalev, I. L.; Huntress, W. T.; Moroz, V. I. (2002-09-01). "Planetary Missions of the 20th Century*". Cosmic Research. 40 (5): 419–445. doi:10.1023/A:1020690700050. S2CID 117853853.
  5. ^ Nilsen, E. N. (2012). Exploring Mars: an overview
  6. ^ Willcockson, William H. (1999). "Mars Pathfinder Heatshield Design and Flight Experience". Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. 36 (3): 374–379. Bibcode:1999JSpRo..36..374W. doi:10.2514/2.3456.
  7. ^ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  8. ^ Lindstrand, Per (2003). "Parachute Subsystems for the Beagle 2 Mars Lander Entry Descent and Landing Systems". 44th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. doi:10.2514/6.2003-1902. ISBN 978-1-62410-100-7.
  9. ^ Linkin, V.; et al. (1998-06-01). "A sophisticated lander for scientific exploration of Mars: scientific objectives and implementation of the Mars-96 Small Station". Planetary and Space Science. 46 (6–7): 717–737. Bibcode:1998P&SS...46..717L. doi:10.1016/S0032-0633(98)00008-7. PMID 11541818.
  10. ^ a b mars.nasa.gov. "Newsroom". mars.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  11. ^ "GeoHack - Spirit rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  12. ^ a b c Mars Exploration Entry, Descent and Landing Challenges (gatech.edu)
  13. ^ "GeoHack - Opportunity rover". geohack.toolforge.org. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  14. ^ mars.nasa.gov. "Summary | Rover". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  15. ^ mars.nasa.gov. "News". NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. Retrieved 2021-05-24.
  16. ^ "NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  17. ^ Greicius, Tony (2015-02-23). "InSight Mars Lander | Missions". NASA. Retrieved 2019-01-13.
  18. ^ "Mission Overview". NASA Mars. NASA. Archived from the original on 2022-04-10. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
  19. ^ @sklplanets (May 15, 2021). "Succesful [sic] landing of #Tianwen1, on #Mars! Landing point: 109.7 E, 25.1 N, less than 40 km from target location in Utopia Planitia. More details expected later!" (Tweet). Retrieved 2021-05-15 – via Twitter.
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