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490 roots processed in 0.000050s on 27 January 2006, 20:50:13
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Albanian
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Anatolian
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Armenian
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Baltic
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Celtic
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Germanic
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Hellenic
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Indo-Iranian
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Italic
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Slavic
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Tocharian
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Other
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Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
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eg- |
I
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uk |
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ik |
ih/Ich |
iċ/I |
ek |
egō |
aham |
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õc |
azəm |
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ego |
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eho |
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ja |
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me- |
me
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mua |
ammuk |
amu |
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mé |
mi |
mik |
mih/mich |
mec/me |
mik/mér |
eme |
mam |
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mam |
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me |
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mehe |
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mi/mię/mnie |
menja |
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wei- |
we
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wēs |
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vedu/ |
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wit/weis |
wir/wir |
wē/we |
vit/vér |
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vayam |
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vayam/ |
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ve |
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wes |
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nes- |
us
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ne |
anzās |
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ni |
ni |
uns |
unsih/uns |
uncer/us |
oss |
no |
nas |
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na |
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nos |
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ny |
nas |
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nás |
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tu- |
thou
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ti |
tuk |
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dun/tun |
toū |
tu/tu |
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tū/tú |
ti |
þu |
dū/du |
þū/thou |
þú |
su |
tvam |
tsū' |
tü |
tū |
dy/ |
tuva/to |
tū |
tuvai |
tu/tui |
ty |
ty |
ty |
tu/tuwe |
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te- |
thee
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dih/dich |
þē/thee |
þik |
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tüa |
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te |
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te |
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cię/ci |
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iuh- |
ye
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jūs/jūs |
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jus |
ir/ihr |
gē/you |
ykkr/yðr |
humeis |
yuyam |
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yuzem |
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wos- |
you
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vas |
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vos |
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vos |
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was |
vy |
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kwo- |
who
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kush |
kuiš |
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ov-inč' |
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kas/kas |
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/cía |
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hwas |
hwer/wer |
hwā/who |
hverr |
tis |
ka- |
kus |
kâča |
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či |
/ki |
quis |
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poei |
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kto |
kto |
kus/kŭse |
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s(w)e |
refl. 3rd pers pronoun
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sien; sin |
savo/sevi |
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sik |
sih/sich; sin/sein |
sin/-- |
sik; sinn |
heos |
sva |
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se; suus |
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se |
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sja |
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ve |
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Albanian
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Anatolian
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Armenian
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Baltic
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Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
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Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
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1- oino- |
one
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një/nji |
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aīns |
vienas/viens |
oinos |
óin/aon |
un |
ains |
ein/eins |
ān/one |
einn |
oios |
eka |
akh |
ev |
aēuua |
iu/jeu |
aiva/yak |
ūnus |
uinus |
uns |
edinŭ |
jeden |
odin |
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1- sem- |
one
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gjithë |
san |
sñta |
mi/mek/meg |
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sa/ |
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samhail |
hafal |
sama |
saman/zusammen |
sum/some |
sami |
heis |
sa-kr.t |
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sâ~ |
hakeret |
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hama/hamin |
semel |
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sam |
sas/s.e |
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2- dwo- |
two
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dy |
dā- |
tuwa |
erku/yerku/yergu |
dwāi |
du/divi |
vo |
dá/dó |
dau |
twai |
zwei |
twā/two |
tveir |
duō |
dva |
zū' |
dü |
duua |
dyuuæ/duuæ |
duva/do |
duo |
dus |
tuf |
dŭva |
dwa |
dva |
wu/wi |
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3- trei- |
three
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tre |
tri- |
trei |
erek'/yerek' |
tri |
trys/trīs |
treis |
treí/trí |
tri |
þreis |
drī/drei |
þrēo/three |
þrír |
treis |
tri |
tre |
tre |
θri |
ærtæ |
çi/se |
trēs |
tris |
trif |
trĭje |
trzy |
tri |
tre/trai |
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tri- |
thri- |
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4- kwetwer- |
four
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katër |
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teteri |
č'ork'/č'ors |
keturjāi |
keturi/četri |
petor |
cethir/ceahair |
pedwar |
fidwor |
feor/vier |
fēower/four |
fjórir |
tessares |
catur |
tsor |
što |
čaθwar |
cyppar/cuppar |
/čahār |
quattuor |
petora |
petor |
četyri |
cztery |
četyre |
śtwar/śtwer |
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ketri-
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5- penkwe- |
five
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pesë |
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hing/hing/hink |
pēnkjāi |
penki/pieci |
pempe |
cóic/cúig |
pump |
fimf |
fimf/fünf |
fīf/five |
fimm |
pente |
pañca |
pā.~tsh |
puč |
pan.ča |
fondz |
panča/panj |
quinque |
pompe |
pumpe |
pętĭ |
pięć |
pjat' |
päñ/piś |
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pinke |
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6- swek's- |
six
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gjashtë |
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vec'/vec' |
usjai |
šeši/seši |
suex |
sé |
chwech |
saihs |
sēhs/sechs |
siex/six |
sex |
heks |
s.as. |
śe |
s.u |
xš.uuaš |
æxsæz |
/šeš |
sex |
sehs |
sehs |
šestĭ |
sześć |
šest' |
s.äk/s.kas |
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ses- |
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7- septm.- |
seven
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shtatë |
šipta- |
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evt'n/yot'/yot'ĕ |
septīnjai |
septyni/septiņi |
sextan |
secht/seacht |
saith |
sibun |
sibun/sieben |
seofon/seven |
sjau |
hepta |
sapta |
sath |
sut |
hapta |
avd |
/haft |
septem |
seften |
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sedmĭ |
siedem |
sem' |
s.äk/s.kas |
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8- ok'tōu- |
eight
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tëte |
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aitãta- |
ut'/ut'/ut'ĕ |
astōnjai |
aštuoni/astoņi |
oxtū |
ocht |
wyth |
ahtau |
ahto/acht |
eahta/eight |
átta |
oktō |
as.t.a |
ā.t.h |
us.t. |
ašta |
ast |
ašta/hašt |
octō |
uhto |
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osmĭ |
osiem |
vosem' |
okät/okt |
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9- newn.- |
nine
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nëntë/nândë |
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ñuñtãta- |
inn/inn/innĕ |
newīnjai |
devyni/deviņi |
navan |
nói/naoi |
naw |
niun |
niun/neun |
nigon/nine |
níu |
ennea |
nava |
nav |
nu |
nauua |
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nava/noh |
novem |
nuven |
nuvim |
devętĭ |
dziewięć |
devjat' |
ñu |
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10- dek'm.- |
ten
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dhjetë/dhetë |
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tasn/tas/dasĕ |
desīmtan |
dešimt/desmit |
decam |
deich |
deg |
taihun |
zēhen/zehn |
tīen/ten |
tíu |
deka |
daśa |
da.h |
duc |
dasa |
dæs |
daθa/dah |
decem |
deken |
desem |
desętĭ |
dziesięć |
desjat' |
śäk/śak |
dece- |
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20- wīk'm.tī- |
twenty
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njëzet/njizet |
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k'san |
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vocontio |
fiche |
ugain |
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eikosi |
vin.śati |
vuh |
vici |
visaiti |
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/bist |
vīgintī |
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wiki/ikäm. |
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100- k'm.tom |
hundred
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šimtas/simts |
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cét/cead |
cant |
hund |
hunt/hundert |
hundred/hundred |
hundrað |
hekaton |
śata |
śath |
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sata/satem |
sædæ |
/sad |
centum |
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sŭto |
sto |
sto |
känt/kante |
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1000- teus-k'm.ti |
thousand
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tukstantis/tūkstots |
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þusundi |
þūsunt/tausend |
þusend/thousand |
þúsund |
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tysõšti' |
tysiąc |
tysjača |
tumane/tmām |
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per- |
foremost->first
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i parë |
para |
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pariy |
pirmas/pirmais |
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príomh |
yr |
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furist/Fürst; fruo/früh |
fyrst/first |
fyrstr |
prōtos |
prathama |
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pürük |
paoiriia |
fyccag-farast/farast |
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primus |
perum |
pert |
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pierwszy |
pervyj |
parwät/parwe |
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Albanian
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Anatolian
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Armenian
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Baltic
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Celtic
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Germanic
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Hellenic
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Indo-Iranian
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Italic
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Slavic
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Tocharian
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Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
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en |
in
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in/ |
yn |
in |
in/in |
in/in |
í |
en |
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in |
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on- |
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eghs |
out
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ex- |
ess-/as/ó |
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ex |
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ex |
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izu |
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iz |
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(s)uper |
over
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thar |
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ver- |
for/ |
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ufaro |
ubar/über |
ofer/over |
yfir |
hyper |
upari |
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upairi |
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bar/abar |
super |
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(s)upo |
under
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up-zi |
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iup |
uf/auf |
upp/up |
upp |
hypo |
upa |
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zir |
sub |
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ambhi |
around
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ambi- |
imb-/ |
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umbi/um |
ymbe/-- |
um |
aiphi |
abhitah |
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aiwito |
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ambi |
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oba |
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ámpi |
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medhyo- |
between
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mēj/mēč |
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medis/mežs |
medi-os |
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midjis |
mitti/Mitte |
ælemidde/middle |
meðal |
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madhyah |
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pâmüč |
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mian |
medium |
mefiaí |
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między |
meždu |
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metu |
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bhudhmen |
bottom
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bun/pun |
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bun |
bôn |
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bodam/Boden |
botm/bottom |
botn |
puthmēn |
budhnah |
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bŭnō |
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bon |
fundus |
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Albanian
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Anatolian
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Armenian
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Baltic
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Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
manu- |
person
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žmonės/-- |
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manna |
man/Mann |
mann/man |
maðr |
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manus- |
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mânša |
man-us |
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mozi |
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muž |
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nō-m.n |
name
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emër/êmën |
lāman |
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anun |
emnes |
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anm-en |
ainm/ |
anu |
namo |
namo/Name |
nama/name |
nafn |
onoma |
nāmah |
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nom |
nama |
nom |
nāma/nām |
nōmen |
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nome |
ime |
imię |
imja |
ñom/ñem |
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wī-ro- |
man
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neri |
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wirs |
vyras/vīrs |
gwyr |
fer/fear |
gwr |
wair |
wer/Werwolf |
wer/werewolf |
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vīra- |
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vīra- |
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vir |
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viru |
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wir |
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hner |
man
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ayr |
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anēr |
nar |
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ner |
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anar |
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gwen- |
woman
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grua |
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kin/gin |
genno |
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bean |
benyw |
qino |
quena/-- |
cwēn/queen |
kona |
gunē |
gnā/jani- |
zanānū' |
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gənā |
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/zan |
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žena |
żona |
žena |
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an- |
ancestor
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parët |
hannas |
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han |
ane |
anyta/-- |
eontr |
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ano/Ahn |
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annis/anōn |
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nia/niakan |
anus |
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vnuk |
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ana |
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pəter- |
father
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atë |
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ātir |
athir/athair |
gwaladr |
fadar |
fater/Vater |
fæder/father |
faðir |
patēr |
pitā |
petū'r |
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fyd/ |
pitar/pedar |
pater |
patir |
pater |
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pācar/pācer |
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māter- |
mother
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ëma |
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mayr |
mūti |
motė/māte |
mātir |
máthir/máthair |
modryb |
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muoter/Mutter |
mōdor/mother |
mōðir |
mētēr |
mātr. |
mā.j |
motr |
mātar- |
mad/madæ |
mātar/mādar |
māter |
maatreis |
matrer |
mati |
matka |
mat' |
mācar/mācer |
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mater |
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bhrāter- |
brother
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vlla |
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yeġbayr/yeġpayr |
brāti |
brolis/brālis |
brātir |
bráthair/dearbhráthair |
brawd |
brōþar |
bruoder/Bruder |
brōþor/brother |
bróðir |
phrātēr |
bhrātar |
boy |
br.o |
brātar- |
ærvad/ |
brātār/barādar |
frāter |
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fratrom |
bratru |
brat |
brat |
pracer/procer |
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bra' |
brater |
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swesor- |
sister
|
motër |
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k'uyr |
|
sesuo/-- |
suiior |
deirfiúr |
chwaer |
swistar |
swester/Schwester |
sweostor/sister |
systir |
eor |
svasar- |
|
sus |
shanhar- |
xuæræ |
xahar |
soror |
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sestra |
siostra |
sestra |
s.ar/s.er |
|
|
|
|
|
sunu- |
son
|
dielli |
|
|
ustr |
soūns |
sūnus/-- |
|
|
|
sunus |
sunu/Sohn |
sunu/son |
sonr |
nios |
sūnu- |
|
|
hunu- |
|
|
|
|
|
synu |
syn |
syn |
se/soyä |
|
|
|
|
|
dhugəter- |
daughter
|
bijë |
|
|
dustr/tusdr |
duckti |
duktē/ |
duxtīr |
|
|
dauhtar |
tohter/Tochter |
dohtor/daughter |
dóttir |
thugatēr |
duhitar- |
|
jü |
|
|
doxtar |
|
|
|
dusti |
|
doč' |
ckācar/tkacer |
|
|
|
|
|
daiwer- |
husband's brother
|
|
|
|
taigr/daikr |
|
dieveris/dieveris |
|
|
|
|
zeihhur/-- |
|
|
dāēr |
devar- |
|
|
|
|
|
lēvir |
|
|
|
|
dever' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
swek'rū |
mother-in-law
|
vjehërr |
|
|
skesur/sgesur |
|
šešuras |
chwegr |
|
|
swaíhrō |
swigur/Schwieger |
swēor/-- |
sväära |
ekurā |
śvaśrū- |
|
č.uč. |
xvasura- |
|
|
socrus |
|
|
|
świekra |
svekrov' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
snus-os |
daughter-in-law
|
|
|
|
nu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
snoru/-- |
|
nuos |
snushā- |
|
|
|
|
|
nurus |
|
|
snŭkha |
snecha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'əlōu- |
brother's wife
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
galōs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
glōs |
|
|
zlŭva |
|
zolovka |
|
|
|
|
gelaros |
|
yenəter- |
brother-in-law's wife
|
|
|
|
ner |
|
jentė/ietere |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
einatēr |
yātar- |
|
iâri |
|
|
|
ianitrīcēs |
|
|
|
|
jatrov' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
awon- |
grandfather/mother's brother
|
|
|
|
hav |
awis |
avynas |
avontīr |
aue/ó |
ewythr |
awó |
ōheim/Oheim |
ēam/-- |
|
aia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
avus/avunculus |
|
|
uy |
wuj |
uj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
nepōt- |
grandson/nephew
|
nip |
|
|
|
|
nepuotis/ |
nei |
niath/ |
nai |
|
nefo/Neffe |
nefa/-- |
|
|
napāt- |
|
nâvo |
napāt- |
|
napā/nave |
nepōs |
|
|
netiy |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
widhewā- |
widow
|
e ve |
|
|
|
widdewu |
|
|
fedb/ |
gweddw |
widuwō |
wituwa/Witwe |
widuwe/widow |
|
eitheos |
vidhavā- |
|
|
viðavā- |
|
/beva |
vidua |
|
|
vidova |
wdowa |
vdova |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ghos-ti |
stranger/guest
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gasts |
gast/Gast |
gæst/guest |
gestr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
hostis |
|
|
gosti |
gość |
gost' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
k'er- |
head
|
krye |
|
|
karapen/garaben |
kerpetis |
|
|
ceann |
|
|
hirni/Hirn |
|
hjarni |
kare |
karparas |
|
|
sar |
|
/sar |
cerĕbrum |
|
|
|
|
čerep |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kaput- |
head
|
krye |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ceann |
|
haubiþ |
houbit/Haupt |
hēafod/head |
hofuð |
|
kaput- |
|
|
|
|
|
caput |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pilo- |
hair
|
flok |
|
|
|
|
plaukas/plūksnas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pilos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pĭlus |
|
|
|
|
pleš |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pula- |
hair
|
qime |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ulach/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pula |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhru- |
brow
|
vetull |
|
|
|
wubri |
bruvis/-- |
|
brú/bruach |
|
|
brā/Braue |
brū/brow |
brún |
ophrus |
bhrus |
|
|
|
|
abru |
|
|
|
bruvi |
brew |
brov' |
pärwām./pärwāne |
|
abroutes |
|
|
|
ous- |
ear
|
vesh |
|
|
|
|
ausis/auss |
aus |
clúas |
auso |
ōra/Ohr |
ēare/ear |
eyra |
ous |
usi |
|
|
usi |
|
gaušā/guš |
auris |
|
|
ucho |
ucho |
uxo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
okw- |
eye
|
sy |
|
|
ač'k' |
|
akis/acs |
|
súil |
enep |
augo |
ouga/Auge |
ēaġe/eye |
auga |
ophthalmos |
aks.i |
|
âče~ |
|
|
|
oculus |
|
|
oko |
oko |
oko |
ak/ek |
|
|
|
|
|
nas- |
nose
|
hun |
|
|
|
nazy |
nosis/nāss |
|
|
|
|
nasa/Nase |
nosu/nose |
nös |
|
nasa |
|
nâsur. |
nah |
|
nāham/ |
nasus |
|
|
nasu |
nos |
nos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ōs- |
mouth
|
goj |
aish |
|
|
austo |
uosta/osta |
oss |
|
|
|
|
ōr/-- |
oss |
|
as/osthas |
|
âša |
aosta |
|
|
ōs |
|
|
|
usta |
usta |
|
|
|
|
|
|
leb- |
lip
|
buz |
|
|
|
|
|
llef |
liopa |
|
|
lefso/Lippe |
lippa/lip |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/lab |
labĭum |
|
|
|
|
lobzat' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dent- |
tooth
|
dhëmbë |
|
|
|
|
dantis/ |
dant |
|
dant |
tunþus |
zand/Zahn |
tōþ/tooth |
tǫnn |
odous/donti |
dantam |
dãd |
dut |
|
|
/dandān |
dēns/dentis |
|
|
|
dziąsło |
desna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dn.g'hū- |
tongue
|
gua |
|
|
lezu |
insuwis |
liežuvis/-- |
|
teanga |
tafod |
tuggo |
zunga/Zunge |
tunge/tongue |
tunga |
|
jihva |
|
dic |
huzvan |
|
hazānam/zabān |
lingua |
|
|
językŭ |
język |
jazyk |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'enu- |
cheek
|
faqe |
|
|
cnaut/dznaud |
|
žandas/zods |
genou |
gin/ |
|
kinnus |
kinni/Kinn |
cin/chin |
kinn |
genos |
hanus |
|
|
zanu |
|
chaneh/goune |
gena |
|
|
|
|
|
sanwem |
|
|
|
azon |
|
g'ebh- |
jaw
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gial |
|
|
kiuwa/Kiefer |
ċeafl/jowl |
keptr |
|
|
|
|
zafana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
zob |
|
|
|
|
|
|
smek- |
chin
|
mjekër |
zamakur |
|
mauruk/maurug |
|
smakras/smakrs |
|
smig |
|
|
|
|
|
|
smasru |
|
|
|
|
|
maxilla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhardh-ā- |
beard
|
mjekër |
|
|
|
|
barzda/bārda |
|
|
barf |
bards |
bart/Bart |
beard/beard |
barðr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
barba |
|
|
brada |
broda |
boroda |
|
|
|
|
|
moni |
neck
|
qaf |
|
|
|
|
|
maniakys |
muin/muinéal |
mwnwgl |
|
mana/Mähne |
manu/mane |
mǫn |
mannon |
manya |
|
|
|
|
|
monīle |
|
|
|
|
monisto |
|
|
|
|
|
|
omesos |
shoulder
|
sup |
|
|
us |
|
|
|
|
|
ams |
|
|
ass |
ōmos |
amsa |
|
|
|
|
|
umĕrus |
|
|
|
|
|
es/āntse |
|
|
|
|
|
k'ub- |
shoulder
|
sup |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gogof |
hups |
huf/Hüfte |
hype/hip |
|
kubos |
śupti |
|
|
supti |
|
/šāne |
cubitus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arm- |
arm
|
krah |
|
|
armunk/armung |
irmo |
|
|
lámh |
|
arms |
arm/Arm |
earm/arm |
armr |
arthron/ |
irmas |
|
|
|
arm |
|
armus |
|
|
ramo |
ramię |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
el- |
elbow
|
brryl |
|
|
olok/olog |
|
alkūnė/elkonis |
elin |
uillean |
elin |
aleina |
elina/Elle |
eln/ell |
aln |
alas/oleon |
aratnis |
|
|
|
|
|
ulna |
|
|
|
|
lokot' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dous- |
forearm
|
parakrah |
|
|
|
|
paduse |
|
doe |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dos |
|
|
daos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pazuxa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'hes- |
hand
|
dorë |
kessar |
izre |
dzer.k'/cer.k' |
|
pažastis/-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kheir |
hastas |
|
düšt |
zasta |
|
dasta/dæst |
praesto |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
men- |
hand
|
dor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
munt/Vormund |
mund/-- |
|
mane |
|
|
|
|
|
|
manus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
onogh |
nail
|
thuni |
|
|
yeġung/yeġunk |
|
nāgas/nags |
eguin |
inga/ionga |
ewin |
|
nagal/Nagel |
næġel/nail |
nagl |
onohos; onux |
anghri |
|
|
nakhara |
|
/nāxun |
unguis |
|
|
noguti |
|
nogot' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
psten- |
breast
|
gji |
|
|
stin/sdin |
spenis |
spenys/spenis |
|
sine/ |
|
|
spunni/Spanferkel |
spane/-- |
speni |
stēthos |
stana |
|
|
fštana |
|
pestan/sine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
perk'- |
rib
|
bri |
|
|
|
|
pirsys |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
parsus |
|
|
parsum |
fars |
|
|
|
|
persi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pog- |
lap
|
prehr |
|
|
|
|
paksis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
paksas |
|
|
|
|
|
pectus |
|
|
|
|
pax |
passa |
|
|
|
|
|
onbh- |
navel
|
krthiz |
|
|
|
nabis |
naba |
|
imbliu/imleacán |
|
|
nabalo/Nabel |
nafela/navel |
nafli |
omphalos |
nabhya |
naf |
|
naba |
|
naf |
umbilīcus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
udero- |
belly
|
bark |
|
|
|
|
vedaras/vēders |
|
|
|
|
wanast/Wanst |
|
|
otheros |
udaram |
|
|
udaras |
|
del |
uterus; venter |
|
|
vedro |
|
bedro |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pizda |
vulva
|
pith |
|
|
|
|
pizda |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pizda |
|
|
|
|
|
|
put- |
vulva
|
|
|
|
|
|
puti |
|
|
|
|
vut/Fotze |
|
futh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pūtĕō |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pes- |
penis
|
kar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
faselt/Fasel |
fæsl/-- |
fösull |
peos |
pasas |
|
|
|
|
|
pēnis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
org'hi- |
testicle
|
herdhe |
|
|
orjik/orčik |
|
arzus |
|
uirghe |
|
|
|
|
|
orkhis |
|
|
|
arazi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ors- |
arse
|
byth |
arras |
|
or |
|
|
|
err/ |
|
|
ars/Arsch |
ærs/arse |
ars |
orrhos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'louni- |
buttock
|
byth |
|
|
|
|
|
clun |
|
clun |
|
|
|
hlaun |
|
sroni |
|
slaunis |
sraoni |
|
|
clūnis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kroksko |
leg
|
krake |
|
|
|
|
karka |
cos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kiskum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kraka |
|
okorok |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ped- |
foot
|
sput |
pata |
|
ot-/votk'/vodk' |
pe'da' |
pėda/pēda |
|
|
|
fotus |
fuoz/Fuß |
fōt/foot |
fótr |
podi |
padam |
|
|
pâdha |
fad/ |
/pa |
pēs/pedis |
|
per'i |
pe'š |
pieszy |
pešij |
pem./paiyye |
|
|
|
|
|
g'enu- |
knee
|
guni |
gienu |
|
cungkʿ/çunk |
|
|
geno |
glún/glúin |
glin |
kniu |
kniu/Knie |
cnēo/knee |
kne |
gonu |
jānu |
|
|
znum |
zonyg |
/zānu |
genū |
|
|
|
|
zveno |
kanwem/kenī |
|
|
Genua/Genava |
|
|
kemək- |
kneecup
|
|
|
|
|
|
kenkle/cinksla |
|
|
|
|
|
hēla/heel |
hæll |
|
kañkāla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
persna |
heel
|
themr |
parsina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fairsna |
fersana/Ferse |
fiersn/-- |
|
ptera |
parsni |
|
|
|
|
|
perna/pernis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
kwrep- |
body
|
shkrep |
|
|
|
|
|
|
corp |
corff |
|
href/ |
hrif/midriff |
|
prapis |
krapa |
|
|
xrafstra |
|
|
corpus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nau- |
corpse
|
|
|
|
|
nave |
nawe |
newyn |
duine |
|
naus |
not/ |
néo-/-- |
nár |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
navi |
|
nav'/onava |
nut/naut |
|
|
|
|
|
pel- |
skin
|
|
|
|
|
|
pleinen |
|
|
|
|
fel/Fell |
filmen/film |
feldr |
pelos/pilon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pellis |
|
|
|
|
pelena |
|
|
|
|
|
|
tuakos |
skin
|
|
tuekkas |
|
|
|
|
|
craiceann |
|
|
|
|
|
sakos |
tvacas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(k)ost- |
bone
|
asht |
hastai |
|
oskr |
|
|
|
|
asgwrn |
|
|
|
|
ostoun |
asthi |
|
ât.i |
asti |
|
/ostexān |
os; costa |
|
|
kostĭ |
kość |
kost' |
/ásta |
|
|
|
|
|
g'wiya |
sinew
|
|
|
|
jil/čil |
|
gysla/cīpsla |
|
|
gewyn |
|
|
|
|
bios |
jya |
|
ja |
jya |
|
|
fīlum |
|
|
žitsa |
|
žila |
|
|
|
|
|
|
memso |
flesh
|
mish |
|
|
mis |
mensa |
|
|
|
|
mimz |
|
|
|
menisk |
mamsam |
maz |
|
|
|
|
membrum |
|
|
|
|
mjaso |
misa |
|
|
|
|
|
kreu- |
blood
|
|
|
|
|
|
kraujas/ |
|
/crau/cru/ |
crau |
|
rāo/roh |
hrēaw/raw |
hrár |
kreas |
kravis |
|
|
kruva- |
|
|
cruor |
|
|
kruvi |
krew |
krov' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
esr- |
blood
|
|
ešar |
esêne- |
ariun |
|
--/asinis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eiar |
asrak |
|
|
|
|
|
aser |
|
|
|
|
|
ysār/yasar |
|
|
|
|
|
mozgo |
brain
|
|
|
|
|
muzgeno |
|
|
|
|
|
marg/Mark |
mearg/marrow |
mergr |
|
majjas |
massunt |
|
mazga |
|
/maġz |
|
|
|
mozgu |
mózg |
mozg |
mäs's'unt |
|
|
|
|
|
gwheleg'h- |
gland
|
|
|
|
geġdz/keġc |
|
geležuones/dziedzeris |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eleza |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reusmen- |
throat
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
rhumen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
romantha |
|
|
|
|
|
rumen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pleu-mon |
lung
|
|
|
|
|
|
plausas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pleumōn |
kloman |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
płuco |
pljuče |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'erd- |
heart
|
|
kir |
kride |
sird/sirt |
seyr |
širdis/sirds |
craidd |
cride/croidhe |
craidd |
hairto |
herza/Herz |
heorte/heart |
hjarta |
kardia |
hr.daya |
|
zâra |
zərədā |
zærdæ |
|
cor |
|
|
sreda |
serce |
serdce |
kri/käryāñ |
|
|
|
|
|
yēkwr.- |
liver
|
|
|
|
|
|
jeknos/aknas |
|
ae |
|
|
|
|
|
hēpar |
yaknas |
|
iâñi |
yakar/jigar |
|
/jegar |
jecur |
|
|
|
|
ikra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
spleng'h- |
spleen
|
|
|
|
p'aicaln |
blusne |
bluznis/ |
|
selg/ |
|
|
|
|
|
splēn |
plihan |
|
pr.u |
sparazan |
|
|
liēn |
|
|
slezena |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'hel- |
gall
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
galla/Galle |
galla/gall |
gall |
khole |
|
|
|
|
|
|
fel |
|
|
|
żółć |
elč |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lendh- |
kidney
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/lenden |
lendenu/-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lumbus |
|
|
|
|
ljadvie |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gwelbh- |
womb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhroin |
|
wamba |
wamba/Wamme |
wamb/womb |
vomb |
delphus |
garbhas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gwrebh- |
womb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/brommach |
|
|
|
|
|
brephos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
črevo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'her- |
bowels
|
|
|
|
jar/čar |
|
zarna/ |
|
|
|
|
garn/Garn |
gearn/yarn |
garn |
horion |
hirah |
|
|
|
|
|
hernia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eter- |
intestines
|
|
|
|
anderk/anderg |
|
|
|
inathar/ |
|
|
|
|
|
entera |
antram |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jatro |
wątroba |
utroba |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kakka |
excrement
|
|
|
|
kakor/gagor |
|
|
|
/cacc |
cach |
|
/kacke |
|
|
kakkao |
|
|
|
|
|
(isfa.)keke |
cacare |
|
|
|
|
kaka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Human feelings and qualities
[edit]
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
men- |
mind
|
men |
|
|
mitk'/midk' |
|
mintis |
|
|
|
muns |
/Minne |
gemynd/mind |
minni |
menos |
manas |
|
|
manah- |
|
manesh |
mens |
|
|
mineti |
|
mnit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aiw- |
vital force
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aye/ever |
|
aiōn |
ayuh |
|
|
ayu |
|
|
aevum |
|
|
|
|
|
aym |
|
|
|
|
|
swep- |
sleep
|
gjumë |
|
|
k'nel |
|
sapnas |
|
súan/són |
hun |
|
|
swefan/-- |
svefn |
hupnos |
svapnas |
|
|
xvafna |
|
xab/xoft |
somnus |
|
|
|
|
son |
s.päm./s.pane |
|
|
|
|
|
an- |
spirit
|
frym |
|
|
anjn |
|
|
anal |
anam |
anysbryd |
andi |
|
eðian/-- |
anda |
anemos |
anas |
|
|
|
|
|
anĭmal |
|
|
vonja |
|
von' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'eus- |
taste
|
shije |
|
|
|
|
|
|
guss/ |
|
kustus; kiusan |
kiosan/kiesen |
ċēosan/choose |
kjosa |
|
josati |
|
|
zaoso/zusto |
|
dauš-/ |
gustus |
|
|
|
gust |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ters- |
dry
|
ter |
|
|
tsarav |
|
|
|
tirim |
|
þaursus |
durst/Durst |
þurst/thirst |
þurr |
tersesthai |
tarsna |
|
|
tarsu |
|
|
terra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sweid- |
sweat
|
djersë |
|
|
k'rtink'/k'rdink' |
|
/sviedri |
|
|
chwys |
|
sweiz/Schweiß; swizzen/schwitzen |
swāt/sweat; swætan/sweat |
sveiti |
hidros |
svedate |
|
|
xvaeda- |
|
xosh |
sūdor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dakru- |
tear
|
lot |
|
|
arc'unk' |
|
ašara/asara |
|
dēr/deór |
deigryn |
tagr |
zahar/Zähre |
tēar/tear |
tār |
dakru |
aśru |
|
|
asrū-azan |
|
|
lacrĭma |
|
|
|
|
|
ākär/akrūna |
|
|
|
|
|
ghouros |
fear
|
frik |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/gure |
|
gaurs |
graus |
|
|
|
ghoras |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
žurit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ghers- |
horror
|
|
|
|
garsim/karsim |
|
grassa |
|
gruam |
|
|
|
|
gersta |
|
|
|
|
grahma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
trudes- |
leprosy
|
grbult |
|
|
|
|
truneti |
|
trosc/ |
|
trutsfill |
|
|
|
truo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
trūdō |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
sawel- |
sun
|
diell |
|
|
|
|
saulė/saule |
haul |
suil/ |
haul |
sauil |
sunna/Sonne |
sunne/sun |
sól |
hēlios |
suras |
|
su |
hvar |
xur |
xur/xorshid |
sōl |
|
|
slunice |
słońce |
solnce |
swāñce/swāñco |
|
|
|
|
|
mens- |
moon/month
|
muaj |
|
|
amis |
|
mėnulis/mēness; mėnuo/mėnesis |
|
mi/ |
mis |
mēna; menoþs |
mano/Mond; mōnād/Monat |
mōna/moon; mōnaþ/month |
máni; mānaðr |
mēn |
masas |
|
mos |
mahya |
/mæj |
māha/māh |
mensis |
|
|
měsęcĭ |
miesiąc |
mesjac |
mañ/meñe |
|
|
|
|
|
ster- |
star
|
yll |
šittar |
|
astġ/asdġ |
|
|
sterenn |
|
seren |
stāirno |
sterro/Stern |
steorra/star |
stjarna |
astēr |
tārā/strebhih/stṛ́ |
|
r.âšto |
star- |
sthaly/ |
/setāre |
stēlla |
|
|
|
|
|
śre/śćirye |
|
|
|
|
|
nebh- |
sky/cloud
|
qiel |
nepis |
|
|
|
debesis/debess |
néal |
|
nef |
|
nebul/Nebel |
nifol/-- |
|
nephos |
nabhas |
|
niru |
|
|
|
nebŭlō |
|
|
nebo |
niebo |
nebo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
leuk- |
light/bright
|
drit |
lalukkes |
luga |
luys |
lauxnas |
laukas/lauks |
leux |
loscaim/loiscim |
llug |
liuhaþ |
lioht/Licht |
lēoht/light |
leygr |
leukos |
rocate |
|
luka/r.uč |
|
|
roxan |
lūx |
Lúvkis |
Vuvçis |
luci |
|
lug |
luk |
|
|
|
|
|
telp- |
space
|
hapsir |
|
|
|
|
talpa |
|
/tallaim |
talm |
|
|
|
|
|
talpas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
tolpa |
--/tälp- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
aus- |
dawn
|
ag |
|
|
|
|
aušra/ausma |
|
fair |
gwawr |
|
ōstra/Osten |
ēast/east |
austr |
hēos |
us.ās |
|
|
ušastara |
|
|
aurōra |
|
|
|
|
utro |
|
|
|
|
|
|
agh- |
morn
|
gdhi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aige |
ahem |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jug |
|
|
|
|
|
|
deien- |
day
|
dit |
|
|
tiv/div |
|
diena/diena |
|
die/dia/denus/ |
dydd |
sintīns |
lengizin/Lenz |
lencten/lent |
|
|
dinam |
|
|
|
|
|
nundinae |
|
|
dĭnĭ |
dzień |
den' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wes-pero- |
evening
|
perndim |
|
|
gišer/kišer |
|
vakaras/vakars |
|
/fescor |
ucher |
veig |
|
|
|
hesperos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
vespera |
|
|
|
wieczór |
večer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
nekw-t- |
night
|
natë |
nekuz |
|
|
naktin |
naktis/nakts |
nocht |
innocht/anochd |
nos |
nahts |
naht/Nacht |
niht/night |
nōtt |
nuks |
nakti |
|
|
|
|
|
nox |
|
|
nosti |
noc |
noč' |
nakcu/nekcīye |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
yēr- |
year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jer |
jar/Jahr |
gēar/year |
ar |
iros |
|
|
|
yare |
|
dušiyaram/ |
hornus |
|
|
jaro |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wet- |
year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wiþrus |
widar/Widder |
weðer/wether |
veðr |
etos |
vatsah |
|
|
|
|
|
vetus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wes- |
spring
|
|
|
|
garun/karun |
|
vasara/ |
var |
|
|
|
|
|
var |
ear |
vasantas |
|
vâsut |
vanri |
|
/bahār |
vēr |
|
|
vesna |
wiosna |
vesna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sem- |
summer
|
|
|
|
amar. |
|
|
sam |
sam/ |
haf |
|
sumar/Sommer |
sumor/summer |
sumar |
|
sama |
|
|
ham |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
osen- |
harvest
|
|
|
|
|
assanis |
|
|
|
|
asans |
aran/Ernte |
earnian/earn |
önn |
onopa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jesień |
osen' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'hei- |
winter
|
dimër/dimën |
gima- |
|
dzmer./cmer. |
|
žiema/ziemas |
Giamillus |
gheimhridh |
gaeaf |
|
|
|
gōi |
kheima |
heman |
|
ze~ |
zimo |
|
/zemestān//dai |
hiems |
|
|
zima |
|
zima |
śärme/śimpriye |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
k'ewero- |
northwind
|
|
|
|
c'urt/c'urd |
|
šiaurys/-- |
|
|
|
skura |
scūr/Schauer |
scūr/shower |
skūr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
caurus |
|
|
severu |
|
sever |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sneigh |
snow
|
|
|
|
|
snaygis |
sniegas/sniegs |
|
snigid/ |
nyf |
snaiws |
snēo/Schnee |
snāw/snow |
snjor |
nipha |
snihyati |
|
|
|
|
|
nix |
|
|
snegu |
śnieg |
sneg |
|
|
|
|
|
|
grad- |
hail
|
|
|
|
karkut/gargut |
|
gruodas/-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
grando |
|
|
|
grad |
grad |
|
|
|
|
|
|
yeg- |
ice
|
|
|
|
|
|
iža/ieze |
|
aig/oighear |
ia |
|
ichil/Gicht |
gicel/icicle |
jaki |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ikra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ei-s- |
ice
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
īs/Eis |
īs/ice |
íss |
|
|
|
|
isu/aexa |
ix |
/yax |
|
|
|
|
|
inej |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sneudh- |
mist
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nudd |
|
nudd |
|
|
|
|
nuthon |
|
|
|
snaoda |
|
|
nubes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
meldh- |
lightning
|
|
|
|
|
mealde |
milna/-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
molnija |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
solo- |
whole
|
gjallë |
|
|
olj/olč |
|
|
|
oll/ |
holl |
|
|
|
|
holos |
sarvah |
|
sũdi |
haurva- |
|
|
sōlus |
|
|
|
cały |
|
salu/sol |
|
|
|
|
|
semi- |
half
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sami- |
sami/-- |
sām-/sand-blind |
|
hēmisus |
sami |
|
sâmaũ |
|
|
|
sēmis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aiti- |
part
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aitios-aisa |
|
|
|
aeta- |
|
|
|
aeteis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
dhg'em- |
earth
|
dhè |
tekan |
|
|
same |
žemė/zeme |
|
domhain |
dyn |
guma |
gomo/Bräutigam |
guma/bridegroom |
gumi |
khthōn |
ks.a |
za.min |
|
|
zæxx/ |
zam/zamin |
humus |
huntruis |
hondomu |
zemlja |
ziemia |
zemlja |
tkam/kem. |
|
|
|
zemelo/zamelon |
semela
|
akmon |
stone
|
|
|
|
|
|
akmen |
|
|
|
|
hamar/Hammer |
hamor/hammer |
hamarr |
akmōn |
acma |
|
|
asman |
|
|
|
|
|
kamy |
kamień |
kamen' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'embh- |
ledge->tooth
|
dhëmb/dhamb |
|
|
camel/dzamel |
|
žambas/zobs |
|
|
|
|
kamb/Kamm |
camb/comb |
kambr |
gomphos |
jambhas |
kam/keme |
zâmoa |
|
|
|
gemma |
|
|
zǫbŭ |
gęba/ząb |
zub |
|
|
kombous |
|
|
|
gwere |
mount
|
gur |
|
|
ler |
|
giria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
deiras |
giris |
|
|
gairi |
|
|
|
|
|
gora |
góra |
gora |
|
|
|
|
|
|
agras |
field
|
|
|
|
art/ard |
|
|
|
|
|
akrs |
achar/Acker |
æcer/acre |
akr |
agros/agrestis |
ajrah |
|
|
|
|
|
ager |
|
ager |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lendh- |
steppe
|
|
|
|
|
lindan |
|
landa- |
land/lann |
llan |
|
lant/Land |
land/land |
land |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ledina |
|
ljada |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gues- |
forest
|
gethi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
questa/-- |
|
|
|
guspita |
|
|
|
|
|
vespice |
|
|
|
|
xvorost |
|
|
|
|
|
|
leug- |
puddle
|
legate |
|
|
|
|
liugas |
Lugu-dunum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lugaios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
luja |
|
|
|
lugas |
|
|
lat- |
swamp
|
|
|
|
|
|
Latuva |
Arelate |
laith |
llaid |
|
/letten |
|
|
latas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mori- |
bog
|
|
|
|
|
mary |
marios/mare |
Aremorici |
muir/muir |
môr |
mari; marei |
mari/Meer; mersk/Marsch |
mere/mere; mersc/marsh |
marr |
|
maryada |
|
|
|
|
|
mare |
|
|
|
morze |
more |
|
|
|
|
|
|
laku- |
pond
|
|
|
|
lič/lij |
|
Lakajai |
|
loch/loch |
|
|
lagu/-- |
lagu/-- |
|
lakkos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lacus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eg'hero- |
lake
|
|
|
|
|
assaran |
ežeras/ezers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Akherōn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ezero |
jezioro |
ozero |
|
|
|
oseriates |
|
|
akwa- |
river
|
ha |
akwanzi |
|
|
|
upė/upe |
|
abhainn |
|
aha |
aha/Ache |
īg/island |
á |
|
ap |
|
|
|
|
|
aqua |
|
|
|
|
Oka |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wedor |
water
|
ujë |
watar |
|
get/ked |
wundan |
vanduo/ūdens |
|
uisce/uisge |
dŵr |
watō |
wazzar/Wasser |
wæter/water |
vatn |
hudōr |
udan- |
odūr |
|
|
|
|
unda |
|
utur |
voda |
woda |
voda |
war |
|
bedu |
|
bedu |
udrēnas
|
poimno- |
foam
|
|
|
|
|
|
spainė/ |
|
|
|
|
veim/Feim |
fām/spiúma |
|
|
phena |
|
|
|
fink |
|
pumex |
|
|
pena |
|
pena |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
paəwr. |
bonfire
|
|
pahhur |
|
hur |
|
|
|
|
|
|
fiur/Feuer |
fyr/fire |
furr |
pur |
pu |
|
|
|
|
afruz/afruxt |
|
|
pir |
|
|
požar |
por/pūwar |
|
|
|
|
|
egni- |
fire
|
|
agnis |
|
|
|
ugnis/uguns |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
agni |
|
|
|
|
|
ignis |
|
|
ogn' |
ogień |
ogon' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dhu- |
smoke
|
|
|
|
|
dumis |
dūmai/dūmi |
|
dē/dumhach |
dub |
dauns |
toup/toben |
dōmian/dusk |
daunn |
thumos |
dhumas |
|
|
|
|
/dud |
fumus |
Mefit |
|
|
dym |
dym |
twe/tweye |
|
|
|
|
|
pers- |
dust
|
|
pappars |
|
|
|
parsla/pīšļi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
fors |
|
pr.sati |
|
|
paršuya- |
|
|
|
|
|
perst' |
|
|
pärs- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
deru- |
tree
|
dru/drû |
taru |
|
car./dzar. |
drawine |
derva/dreve |
Dervus |
derucc/ |
derwen; dâr |
triu |
|
trēow/tree |
trē |
drus; drys |
dāru/dāru |
|
dâa |
dāuru |
|
/deraxt |
durus |
|
|
drěvo |
drzewo |
derevo |
or |
|
|
|
|
|
g'hasto- |
stick
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gass |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
hasta |
|
hostatu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'hazdho- |
stick
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gat |
|
gazds |
gart/Gart |
gād/goad |
gaddr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
žedr' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'ak- |
branch
|
thekë |
|
|
čyuġ/jyuġ |
sagnis |
šaka/saka |
|
gēc/gēag |
|
hōha |
huohili/ |
|
|
|
śakha |
|
coa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
soxa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
dherghen- |
thorn
|
|
|
|
|
|
drignės/drigenes |
|
draigen/ |
draen |
|
tirnpauma/dirnbaum |
|
|
|
drāks.a |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
deren |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wred- |
root
|
rrënjë |
|
|
|
|
|
|
frém/fréamh |
gwraidd |
vaurts |
wirz/Wurz |
wyrt/wort |
rōt |
rhiza |
vardhati |
|
|
|
|
|
rādīx |
|
|
|
|
vred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gwetw |
resin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bedwen |
beithe |
|
|
kuti/Kitt |
cudu/cud |
kvāða |
|
jatu |
|
|
|
|
|
bitūmen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kel- |
glue
|
|
|
|
|
|
klejai |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kolla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
klej |
klej |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
bhāgo- |
beech
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bāgācon|beith |
|
|
buohha/Buche |
bēce/beech |
bōk |
phugos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
fāgus |
|
|
|
|
buzina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
perkwu- |
oak
|
|
|
|
|
|
perkunas |
dair |
|
|
foraha/Föhre |
furh/fir |
fura |
|
parkati |
|
|
|
|
|
quercus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhereg'- |
birch
|
|
|
|
|
berse |
beržas/bērzs |
|
|
|
|
birihha/Birke |
birce/birch |
bjǫrk |
|
bhūrjah. |
|
|
|
bärz |
|
frāxinus |
|
|
breza |
|
bereza |
|
|
|
|
|
berzas
|
klen- |
maple
|
|
|
|
|
|
klevas/kļava |
kelyn |
|
kelyn |
|
|
hlin/linn |
hlynr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
klen |
|
|
klino-trokhon |
|
|
|
ol- |
alder
|
|
alanzan |
|
|
aliskande |
alksnis/ |
alisa |
|
|
|
elira/Erle |
alor/alder |
alr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
alnus |
|
|
|
olcha |
olxa |
|
|
alixa |
|
|
|
os- |
ash
|
ah |
|
|
hachi |
woasis |
uosis/osis |
|
|
onnen |
|
asc/Esche |
æsc/ash |
askr |
oksua |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ornus |
|
|
|
|
osina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
apsa |
aspen
|
|
|
|
|
|
opuse/ |
|
|
|
|
aspa/Espe |
æspe/aspen |
ösp |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eywo- |
yew
|
|
|
|
aigi/aiki |
|
ieva/īve |
iva |
eo/ |
ywen |
|
iwa/Eibe |
īw/yew |
yr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
iva |
|
|
|
|
|
|
grabh- |
hornbeam/oak
|
|
|
|
|
|
skroblas/skābardis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Graboui |
|
|
grab |
|
|
grabion |
|
|
|
wyg'h- |
elm
|
vidh |
|
|
|
|
vinkšna/vilksna |
|
|
|
|
|
wice/Wych Elm |
|
|
|
|
|
viz (Kurdish) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vjaz |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'heluna |
pine
|
|
|
|
jelun/čelun |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
giolnar |
kheilos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
elwn- |
cedar
|
|
|
|
|
|
addle/egle |
odocos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ebulus |
|
|
|
|
el' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
koslo- |
hazel
|
|
|
|
|
|
kasulas |
coll |
coll/ |
|
|
hasal/Hasel |
hæsl/hazel |
hasl |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
corulus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ar- |
nut
|
arrë |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
orzech |
orex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
abl- |
apple
|
|
|
|
|
woble |
obuolys/ābols |
avallo |
uball/ubhall |
afal |
|
apful/Apfel |
æppel/apple |
eple |
|
abalas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
janloko |
jabłko |
jabloko |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ker- |
cherry
|
|
|
|
|
|
keras/kirna |
|
|
ceiriosen |
craf |
|
|
|
keradion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
čerenok/koren' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
rap- |
turnip
|
|
|
|
|
|
rōpē/ |
|
|
|
|
raba/Rübe |
|
|
rhapus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
rapum |
|
|
repa |
|
repa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
krem- |
onion
|
|
|
|
|
|
kermušē/cermauksis |
|
crem/creamh |
|
|
|
hramsan/ramson |
|
kremeon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ōg- |
berry
|
|
|
|
|
|
uoga |
|
āirne |
|
akran |
ēker/Ecker |
æcern/acorn |
akarn |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vinjaga |
|
jagoda |
oko |
|
|
|
|
|
mor- |
blackberry
|
|
muri |
|
mori |
|
|
merwydden |
/smēār |
mwyar |
|
|
|
|
moron |
|
|
|
|
|
|
mōrum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'alam- |
reed
|
|
|
|
|
salme |
/salms |
|
|
|
|
halm/Halm |
healm/haulm |
halmr |
kalamos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
culmus |
|
|
|
|
soloma |
kulmãm.ts |
|
|
|
|
|
koino- |
grass
|
|
|
|
xot/xod |
|
šienas/siens |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
koina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
seno |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
morwi- |
ant
|
morr |
|
|
mrjiun/mrčiun |
|
merva |
|
moirb |
|
|
|
|
maurr |
murmēs |
vamras |
|
|
maoiri |
|
/mour |
formica |
|
|
mravie |
mrówka |
muravej |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhei- |
bee
|
bletë |
|
|
|
bitte |
bitis |
becos |
bech/bech |
begegyr |
|
bīa/Biene |
bēo/bee |
bǖn/bý |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fūcus |
|
|
|
pszczoła |
pčela |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wopsa |
wasp
|
|
|
|
|
|
vapsa/ |
guahi |
foich/ |
|
|
wafsa/Wespe |
wæps/wasp |
|
|
gvabz |
|
ušpik |
vawzaka |
|
|
vespa |
|
|
vosa |
|
osa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
mu- |
fly
|
mizë |
|
|
mun |
|
muse |
|
|
|
|
mucka/Mücke |
mycg/midge |
mý |
muia |
|
ma.čh |
|
|
|
/magas |
musca |
|
|
|
mucha |
muxa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
blousa |
flea
|
plesht |
|
|
lu |
|
blusa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
psulla |
plus.i |
|
|
|
|
|
pulex |
|
|
|
|
bloxa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
knid- |
louse
|
thërijë |
|
|
anic/anidz |
|
gnida |
nedd |
|
|
|
gneis |
|
|
konis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gnida |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kwr.mi- |
grub
|
krimb |
|
|
|
|
kirmis/cērme |
|
cruim/ |
pryf |
|
|
|
|
|
krmi |
|
|
|
kalm |
/kirm |
|
|
|
čermnyi |
|
červ' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
dhg'hu- |
fish
|
|
|
|
dzuk/cug |
|
žuvis/zivs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ikhthus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
peisk- |
fish
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/iasc |
pysgodyn |
fisks |
fisc/Fisch |
fisc/fish |
fiskr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
piscis |
|
|
|
piskorz |
piskar' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
laks- |
salmon
|
|
|
|
|
lalasso |
lašiša/lasis |
|
|
|
|
lahs/Lachs |
leax/-- |
lax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
losos |
losos' |
laks/läks |
|
|
|
|
|
angwi- |
eel
|
|
|
|
|
|
angis/angurgis |
|
ung/ |
|
|
unc |
|
|
egkhelus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
anguis |
|
|
|
|
už/ugor' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
konkho- |
shell
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
konkhos |
sankha |
|
|
|
|
|
conguius |
|
|
|
koncha |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wr.mi- |
worm
|
|
|
|
vord/vort |
wormyan |
varmas/-- |
|
|
gwraint |
waurms |
wurm/Wurm |
wyrm/worm |
ormr |
rhomos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
vermis |
|
|
vermie |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
awi- |
bird
|
|
|
|
hav |
|
|
hwyad |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aetos |
vih |
|
|
avayas |
|
|
avis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eor- |
eagle
|
oror |
haras |
|
arciv/ardziv |
|
erēlis/ērglis |
er |
irar/iolar |
eryr |
ara |
arn/Aar |
earn/erne |
ǫrn |
ornis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
orilu |
orzeł |
orel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
worn- |
raven
|
|
|
|
|
|
varna |
brana |
|
bran |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vorona |
--/wrauña |
|
|
|
|
|
qor- |
raven
|
|
|
|
|
|
krauklys/ |
|
|
|
|
hraban/Rabe |
hræfn/raven |
hrafn |
koraks |
|
|
|
|
|
|
corvus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
trozdos |
thrush
|
|
|
|
|
|
strazdas/ |
|
truid |
drudwy |
|
droscala/Drossel |
þrysce/thrush |
þröstr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
turdus |
|
|
drozgu |
|
drozd |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aneti- |
duck
|
|
|
|
|
|
ántis |
|
|
|
|
anut/Ente |
ened/-- |
ǫnd |
|
atih |
|
|
|
|
|
anas |
|
|
|
|
utie |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'hans- |
goose
|
|
|
|
|
sansy |
žąsis/zoss |
|
geiss/--; géd/gé |
gŵydd |
gansus |
gans/Gans |
gōs/goose |
gās |
khen |
haṃsá |
|
|
zā |
x'az |
/gaz |
ānser |
|
|
|
gęś |
gus' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
teter- |
grouse
|
|
|
|
tatrakm |
tatarwis |
teterva/teteris |
|
tethra/ |
|
|
|
|
þiðurr |
tetraōn |
tittiras |
|
|
|
|
/tadarv |
|
|
|
|
|
teterev |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sperg- |
sparrow
|
|
|
|
|
spurglis |
|
|
|
|
sparwa |
sparo/Sperling |
spearwa/sparrow |
spörr |
sparasion |
|
|
|
|
|
/parasto |
parra |
|
|
|
|
|
s.pār/s.pāra- |
|
|
|
|
|
ger- |
crane
|
|
|
|
kerunk |
gerwe |
garnis/ |
|
|
garan |
|
krano/Kranich |
cran/crane |
trana |
geranos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
grūs |
|
|
|
|
žuravl' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
petra- |
wings
|
|
pittar |
|
|
|
|
|
|
eterin |
|
fedara/Feder |
feðer/feather |
fjǫðr |
pteryx/ |
patram |
|
|
|
|
/par |
penna |
|
|
pero |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
niz-do |
nest
|
|
|
|
nist |
|
|
|
net/net |
nyth |
|
nest/Nest |
nest/nest |
|
|
nidas |
|
|
|
|
|
nīdus |
|
|
gnezdo |
gniazdo |
gnezdo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
g'hwer- |
beast
|
|
|
|
|
|
zveris/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ther |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ferus |
|
|
zveri |
zwierzę |
zver' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
maghos |
young animal
|
makth |
|
|
|
|
mac |
Magu-rix |
maug/ |
meudwy |
magus |
magad/Magd |
mægð/maid |
mær |
|
|
|
|
maghava |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
s-tauro |
bison
|
|
|
|
|
tauris |
tauras/tauriņš |
tarbh |
tarw |
stiur |
stior/Stier |
steor/steer |
stjorr |
tauros |
|
|
|
staora |
|
|
taurus |
|
|
turu |
|
tur |
|
|
|
|
|
|
r.tk'o- |
bear
|
ari |
|
|
arj/arč |
|
|
art |
|
arth |
|
|
|
|
arktos |
rksa |
|
ic |
xirs |
ars |
|
ursus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wl.kwo- |
wolf
|
ujk-ulk |
|
|
gayl/kayl |
wilkis |
vilkas/vilks |
vail |
faol |
|
wulfs |
wolf/Wolf |
wulf/wolf |
ūlfr |
lukos |
vr.ka |
|
|
vehrka- |
|
varka/gorg |
lupus |
|
|
vluku |
wilk |
volk |
--/walkwe |
|
|
|
|
|
epero- |
boar
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vepriai/vepris/vepris |
|
|
|
|
ebur/Eber |
eofor/-- |
|
|
vapati |
|
|
|
|
|
aper/vepres |
|
apruf |
|
|
vepr' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhi-bhru |
beaver
|
|
|
|
|
bebrus |
bebras/bebrs |
Bibrax |
|
befer |
|
bibar/Biber |
beofer/beaver |
bjōrr |
|
babhrus |
|
|
bawra |
|
|
fiber |
|
|
|
bóbr |
bobr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
udras |
otter
|
|
|
|
|
|
udra/udris |
|
/odar; uydr//odoirne/ |
|
|
ottar/Otter |
oter/otter |
otr |
hudros |
udras |
|
|
udra |
|
|
lutra |
|
|
vydra |
wydra |
vydra |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wewer- |
squirrel
|
|
|
|
|
|
vaveris/vāvere |
|
|
gwywer |
|
eihhurno/Eichhorn |
ācweorna/-- |
īkorni |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/varvarah |
vīverra |
|
|
|
wiewiórka |
veverica |
|
|
|
|
|
|
eg'hi- |
hedgehog
|
|
|
|
ozni |
|
ežys/ezis |
|
gráinneóg |
|
|
igil/Igel |
igil/-- |
īgul |
ekhinos |
|
|
|
|
wyzyn |
|
|
|
|
|
jeż |
ež |
|
|
|
|
eksis/eksis |
|
netr- |
snake
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
nathir/neidr |
nathir/ |
neidr |
nadrs |
natara/Natter |
naeddre/adder |
naðr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
natrix |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mūs- |
mouse
|
mi |
|
|
muk/mug |
|
muse/ |
|
|
|
|
mūs/Maus |
mūs/mouse |
mūs |
mūs |
mūs. |
|
musa |
mus |
|
/muš |
mūs |
|
|
mysu |
mysz |
myš' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
k'won- |
dog
|
shakë |
śuwanis |
|
šun |
sunis |
šuo/suns |
cuna |
cū/cú |
ci |
hunds |
hunt/Hund |
hund/hound |
hundr |
kuon/cynic |
śvan |
hūn |
|
spā |
|
|
canis |
|
|
|
|
suka |
ku |
kinu- |
|
|
kunes |
dinu-
|
ek'wo- |
horse
|
|
aśuwas |
esbe- |
ēš |
|
ašva/āži |
epo |
ech |
ebol |
|
|
eoh/-- |
|
hippos |
aśva |
|
ušpa |
|
|
aspa/asb |
equus |
|
|
|
|
|
yuk/yakwe |
|
|
|
es' |
esvas
|
gwou- |
cow/bull
|
|
|
|
kov/gov |
|
--/guovs |
|
bō/bo |
|
|
kuo/Kuh |
cū/cow |
kú |
bous |
gaus |
gāv |
go |
|
|
--/gāv |
|
buv- |
bum |
|
|
govjado |
ko/keŭ |
|
|
|
|
|
lōp- |
cow
|
lopë |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lāeg |
llo |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/lops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
uksin- |
ox, bull
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
auhsa/ych |
ohso/Ochse |
oxa/ox |
oxi |
|
uksa |
|
|
uxshan- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
su- |
swine
|
thi |
|
|
|
|
--/sivēns |
|
socc/ |
hwch |
|
sū/Sau |
sū/sow |
sú |
hus |
sukaras |
|
|
|
|
|
sūs |
|
sif |
|
świnia |
svin |
--/suwo |
|
|
|
|
|
pork'o- |
farrow
|
|
|
|
|
parstian |
paršas/-- |
|
orc |
|
|
farh/Ferkel |
fearh/farrow |
|
porkos |
|
|
|
purs |
|
|
porcus |
|
|
|
|
porosja |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ag'- |
goat
|
|
|
|
|
|
ozys |
|
ag/agh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ajah |
|
|
azak |
|
|
|
|
|
jazno |
|
koza |
|
|
|
|
|
|
owi- |
sheep
|
|
hawi- |
|
hoviv |
|
avis |
|
ōi/ |
ewig |
|
|
ēowu/ewe |
|
ois |
avika |
|
|
|
|
|
ovis |
|
|
|
owca |
ovca |
--/āuw |
|
|
|
|
|
agwhno- |
lamb
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ūan/uan |
oen |
|
|
eanian/yean |
|
amnos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
agnus |
|
habina |
yagn' |
jagnię |
agnec |
|
|
|
|
|
|
kat- |
cub
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
hathna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
catulus |
|
katel |
|
|
vykot |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'er- |
horned one
|
|
|
|
|
|
karve |
cornach |
|
|
hiruz/Hirsch |
heorot/hart |
hjörtr |
keraos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
cervus |
|
|
krava |
|
korova |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
owye- |
egg
|
ve-vo |
|
|
|
|
|
oi |
ubh |
ŵy |
|
/Ei |
ææg/Cockney |
egg |
oion |
|
|
|
aia->aika |
|
|
avis/ovum |
|
|
|
|
jajco |
|
|
|
|
|
|
melit |
honey
|
mjaltë |
milit |
|
meġr |
|
|
mel |
mil/ |
mêl |
|
milltou/Mehltau |
mildēaw/mildew |
|
melitos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
mel/mellis/mulsus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
medhu- |
mead
|
|
|
|
|
|
medus/ |
|
mid/ |
medd |
|
Metu/Met |
meodu/mead |
mjǫðr |
methu |
madhu |
|
mura |
madu |
|
|
|
|
|
medu |
miód |
med |
mit |
|
|
|
|
|
alu-d |
beer
|
|
|
|
|
|
alus |
|
|
|
|
|
ealu/ale |
öl |
aleupon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
alumen |
|
|
ol |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
glag- |
milk
|
|
galank |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gala |
|
|
|
|
|
|
lac |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ksweid- |
milk
|
|
|
|
|
|
sviestas/sviests |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ksvidyati |
|
|
xšvīd |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
selp- |
butter
|
gjalpë |
salpa- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
salbon |
salba/Salbe |
sealf/salve |
|
helpos |
sarpis |
|
|
|
carv/ |
/čarbi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
s.älyp/s.alype |
|
|
|
|
|
suro- |
cheese
|
hirrë |
|
|
|
|
suras |
|
|
|
|
|
|
surr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ser |
syr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
smeru- |
grease
|
|
|
|
|
|
smarsas/ |
smer- |
smiur/ |
mer |
|
smero/Schmer |
smerian/smear |
smyrva |
smuris |
|
|
|
|
|
|
medulla |
|
|
|
|
|
/s.mare |
|
|
|
|
|
moisos |
hide
|
|
|
|
|
|
maisas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
meiss |
|
mesas |
|
|
maesi->mes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wlna |
wool
|
|
hulana |
|
|
|
vilna/ |
|
|
gwlan |
wulla |
wolla/Wolle |
wull/wool |
ull |
lenos |
urna |
|
|
varena |
|
|
vellus |
|
|
vluna |
|
vulna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'ern- |
horn
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
corn |
haurn |
horn/Horn |
horn/horn |
horn |
keras |
crengam |
|
s.iN |
srva |
|
|
cornus |
|
|
|
|
serna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
g'rə-no- |
corn
|
|
|
|
|
syrne |
žirnis/zirnis |
|
grán |
grawn |
kaurn |
korn/Korn |
corn/corn |
korn |
|
jirnas |
|
|
|
|
xarman |
grānum |
|
|
|
ziarno |
zerno |
|
|
|
|
|
|
peluos |
flour
|
|
|
|
|
pelwo |
pelūs/pelus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
palavas |
|
|
|
|
|
palea |
|
|
|
|
polova |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhares |
spelt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
bara |
barizīns |
|
bærlic/barley |
barr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
farina |
far |
far |
brašno |
|
|
|
|
|
|
brisa |
|
puro- |
crops
|
|
|
|
|
|
puras/ |
|
|
|
|
|
fyrs/furze |
|
puros |
puras |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pyrej |
|
|
|
|
|
|
yewo- |
wheat
|
|
ewa- |
|
|
|
javas/jauja |
|
eorna/ |
|
|
|
|
|
zeia |
yavas |
|
|
yavanha |
|
/jav |
|
|
|
|
|
ovin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
urughya |
rye
|
|
|
|
|
rugis |
rugys/rudzi |
|
|
|
|
roggo/Roggen |
ryge/rye |
rugr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
rož |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gherzdh- |
barley
|
drithë |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/Gerste |
|
|
kri |
|
|
|
|
|
|
hordeum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
awig'- |
oats
|
|
|
|
|
wyse |
aviža/auza |
|
|
|
|
|
āte/oat |
|
aigilops |
avasam |
|
|
|
|
|
avēna |
|
|
|
|
ovës |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhabha |
bean
|
bathë |
|
|
|
babo |
|
|
|
ffâen |
|
bona/Bohne |
bēan/bean |
baun |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
faba |
|
|
|
|
bob |
|
|
|
|
|
|
eregwo- |
pea
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
orbaind/ |
|
|
arawīg/erbse |
|
|
orobos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ervum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'iker |
pea
|
|
|
|
siser.in |
|
kekē/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
krios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
cicer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
lino- |
flax
|
lini |
|
|
|
|
linas |
|
lin/ |
llin |
lein |
lin/Leinen |
lin/linen |
lin |
linon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
linum |
|
|
|
|
len |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sali- |
salt
|
gjelbson |
|
|
aġ |
|
/sāls |
|
salann/ |
halen |
salt |
/Salz |
sealt/salt |
salt |
als |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sāl |
|
salu |
soli |
sól |
sol' |
--/salyiye |
|
|
|
|
|
g'hel- |
gold
|
|
|
|
|
sealtmeno |
želta/zelts |
geal (bright) |
|
gulþ |
gold/Gold |
gold/gold |
gull |
|
hiran.ya |
|
|
zaranya- |
|
daraniya-/ |
helvus |
|
|
zlato |
złoto |
zlato |
|
|
|
|
glunea |
|
ayes- |
metal
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Isarnodori |
iarn/iarann |
haearn |
aiz |
er/Erz |
ār/ore |
eir |
|
ayas |
|
|
ayaNh |
|
/ahan |
aes |
|
ahesnes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
aguesi |
axe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/Axt |
æx/axe |
øx |
adzi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ascia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
arqu- |
bow
|
|
|
|
|
|
ercis |
|
|
|
arhuazna |
|
arwe/arrow |
örvar |
arkeuthos |
arkas |
|
|
|
|
|
arcus |
|
|
|
|
rakita |
|
|
|
|
|
|
aik- |
spear/pike
|
|
|
|
|
ayculo/aysmis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
aikloi/iktea/aihun |
|
|
|
isar |
|
|
ico/icere |
|
|
|
|
igla |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ke(n)g- |
hook
|
|
|
|
|
|
kenge |
|
cheng |
|
|
/Haken |
hoc/hook |
haki |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kogot' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
skeb- |
knife
|
|
|
|
|
|
skabus |
|
|
|
|
/Schaff |
|
skepja |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
scabere |
|
|
|
|
skoblit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
skap- |
tool
|
kep |
|
|
|
|
skaplis/kapas |
|
|
|
|
skaft/ |
|
|
skopelos/kopos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
capus |
|
|
|
|
skopit/kopat |
|
|
|
|
|
|
mat- |
hack
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matog |
|
matog |
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modela |
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matyam |
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mateola |
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motyka |
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mak- |
pouch
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dantimax |
makas/maks |
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mēn/ |
megin |
|
mago/Magen |
maga/maw |
magi |
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mosina |
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mošna |
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tark- |
spindle
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tarkue |
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torc |
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drahsil/ |
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atraktos |
tarkus |
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torqueo |
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torok |
tark |
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gweri- |
millstone
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yerkan/yergan |
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breuan |
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kuerna/ |
cweorn/quern |
kvern |
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gravan |
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girna |
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ernov |
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yeug- |
yoke
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jugan |
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luc/ludz |
|
jungas/jūgs |
iou |
|
iau |
juk |
joh/Joch |
geoc/yoke |
ok |
zugos |
yugam |
|
iu |
jug |
|
/yoġ |
jugum |
|
|
igo |
|
igo |
yuk- |
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kwel- |
wheel/chariot
|
sjell |
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kelan |
kelis/celis |
|
cul/-- |
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hwēol/wheel |
hjōl |
kuklos |
cakram |
|
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čaxra |
calx/ |
čarka/čarx |
colus |
|
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|
koło |
koleso |
kukäl/kokale |
|
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rot- |
wheel
|
rrath |
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ratas/rats |
Rotomagus |
/rath |
rhod |
|
rad/Rad |
rodur/ |
|
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ratha |
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|
ratho |
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|
rota |
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nau- |
ship
|
anije |
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nav |
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nau/ |
noe |
|
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nōwend/-- |
nōr |
naus |
nāuh. |
|
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navāza |
nau/ |
/nav/nāviyā/ |
navis |
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bak- |
staff
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bacc/bac |
bach |
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bakton |
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baculum |
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|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
dem- |
house
|
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|
|
tun/dun |
|
dimstis/ |
|
|
tŷ |
|
zimbar/Zimmer |
timber/timber |
timbr |
domos |
damas |
|
u dâmoa |
dam |
|
|
domus |
|
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|
dom |
|
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treb- |
dwelling
|
|
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trōba/traba |
|
dīthrub/ |
treb/tref |
þaúrp |
dorf/Dorf |
þorp/thorp |
ðorp/þorp |
teremnon |
|
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|
|
trabēs |
triibum |
tremnu |
|
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rebh- |
roof
|
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ribba/Rippe |
ribb/rib |
rif |
erepho |
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rebro |
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ghrendh- |
beam
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grindis/grida |
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grindil/ |
grindel/ |
grind |
|
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ugr.a |
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grunda |
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grzęda |
grjada |
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kantho- |
corner
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kantem |
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cant |
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kanthos |
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cantus |
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kąt |
-kut- |
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ank- |
angle
|
|
hink |
|
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|
anka/āķis |
|
ēcath/ |
anghad |
|
ango/ |
|
angi |
ogkos |
ankas |
|
|
anku-pəsəmna |
ængur |
|
ancus |
|
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|
ugol |
|
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dhwer- |
door
|
derë |
|
|
dur./tur. |
|
durys/durvis |
doro |
dorus/doras |
dôr |
daur |
turi/Tür |
duru/door |
dyrr |
thura |
dvaras |
|
du |
|
|
duvar-/dar |
fores |
|
furo/foro |
|
drzwi |
dver' |
--/twere |
|
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g'her- |
fence
|
gardh |
|
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|
gardas/aizgalds |
|
gort/ |
garth |
|
garto/Garten |
geard/yard |
garðr |
khortos |
grahas |
|
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hortus |
|
|
grad |
|
erd' |
|
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|
gordum |
|
pent- |
road
|
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|
hun |
pintis |
|
|
/ēs |
|
|
findan/finden |
findan/find |
finna |
pontos/patos |
panthās |
|
put |
fandag/pantā |
|
|
pōns/pontis |
|
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put' |
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bherg'h- |
fort
|
|
parku- |
|
bardzut'iun/partsut'iun |
|
|
Bergusia |
brī/ |
bre |
baírgahī |
burg/Burg; berg/Berg |
burg/borough; beorg/barrow |
borg/bjarg |
|
brahant |
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brzant- |
|
/baru |
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bereg |
pärk- |
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bergas
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
teutā- |
tribe
|
|
tuzzi- |
tuta |
|
toda |
tauta/ |
teuto |
tuath/ |
|
þiuda |
diutisc/Deutsch |
þeoð/-- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
tudeh |
tōtus |
touta |
tota |
|
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teuta |
|
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leudh- |
people
|
|
|
|
|
|
liaudis/ļaudis |
|
luss/ |
|
|
liut/Leute |
lēod/-- |
ljóðr |
eleutheros |
rodhati |
|
|
raoda- |
|
|
liber |
|
|
|
lud |
liud |
|
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|
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weik- |
village
|
vis |
|
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|
|
viešas/viesis |
|
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weihs/ |
wic/ |
|
oikos |
vic |
|
|
vis |
|
|
vicus |
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|
wieś |
ves' |
|
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reg- |
ruler
|
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|
|
rix/recto|rí |
|
raihts |
reht/recht |
riht/right |
réttr |
oregein |
rajah |
|
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|
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rex/regere |
|
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|
ner- |
power
|
njer |
|
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|
|
noras/ |
neart |
|
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|
|
neuron |
nar |
|
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|
|
niru |
nervus |
|
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|
|
nrav |
|
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|
|
yewes |
law
|
|
|
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|
huisse/ |
|
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|
yoh |
|
|
yaozda |
|
|
jus |
|
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|
|
ala |
greeting
|
|
|
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|
|
aluoti |
|
|
|
|
/Hallo |
/hello |
|
alala |
alala |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ole |
|
|
|
|
|
|
peku- |
wealth/cattle
|
pilë |
|
|
|
pecku |
pekus |
|
|
|
faihu |
fihu/Vieh |
feoh/fee |
fé |
pekto |
pasu |
|
|
pasu |
|
pak |
pecus/pecunia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mizdho- |
fee
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
mizdo |
/miete |
|
|
misthos |
midham |
|
|
mizdam |
|
mozd |
|
|
|
|
|
mzda |
|
|
|
|
|
|
wesno- |
price
|
|
ussaniya |
|
gin/kin |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
honos |
vasnam |
|
|
|
|
|
venum |
|
|
veno |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'at- |
quarrel
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
catu|cathú |
|
|
/Hass |
hatian/hate |
hatr |
|
catrus/satayati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kotora |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
koro- |
war
|
|
|
|
|
|
karas |
cuire |
cath |
|
|
/Heer |
herebeorg/harbour |
herr |
koiranos |
|
|
|
kara |
|
karzar |
|
|
|
|
|
kara |
|
|
|
|
|
|
weik'- |
victory
|
|
|
|
|
|
veikti/veikt |
|
fichim |
|
|
wigan/-- |
|
veig |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
vincere |
|
|
|
|
vek |
|
|
|
|
|
|
deiw-os |
god, i.e. 'shining'
|
|
|
|
|
|
dievas/dievs |
deus |
Día |
duw |
Tyz |
Ziu/-- |
Tiw/Tuesday |
Týr |
theos-Zeus |
devas |
|
di |
|
|
|
deus |
|
|
|
|
divo |
|
|
|
|
tios |
|
bal |
power, strength
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
odbal/ |
|
|
|
|
|
beltión |
bala |
|
bâlim |
|
|
|
bilis |
|
|
|
|
bolee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
bheue- |
to be
|
|
|
|
|
|
buti/ |
|
bi'u/ |
bod |
im |
bim/bin |
bēon/be |
|
phu- |
bhū |
|
bu |
|
|
bi/bud |
fui/futuros |
|
|
byti |
być |
byt' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
es- |
to be
|
është/âsht |
asa |
|
ē |
|
esti/ |
|
|
|
ist |
ist/ist |
is/is |
es |
esti |
asti |
|
|
asti |
|
astiy/ast |
est |
|
sent |
jesti |
jest |
est' |
s.e/s.ei |
|
|
|
|
|
g'enə- |
to give birth
|
|
|
|
|
|
gentis/ |
geno- |
ro-genar/ |
geni |
kuni |
kind/Kind |
cyn/kin |
kind |
genos/genesis |
jajana |
|
zut |
zanaite |
|
zadan |
genus |
|
|
|
|
zjat' |
|
|
|
|
cin |
zenis
|
gweiə- |
to live
|
me jetu |
|
|
|
|
gyvoti/dzīvot |
bitu |
bethu/bethu |
byd |
|
quec/keck |
cwic/quick |
kvikr |
zoion; bios |
jivati |
|
|
|
|
jīvah/ |
vivere |
|
|
žiti |
żyć |
žit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bheud- |
to wake
|
|
|
|
|
|
budeti/ |
|
buide/ |
|
|
biotan/bieten |
bēodan/bid |
bod |
pepusmai |
budhyate/budhas |
|
bidi |
buidyeti |
|
bidar |
|
|
|
bljudo |
budzić |
budit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
pneu- |
to breathe
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fnysa |
pneuma |
praneu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kwas- |
to cough
|
kollje |
|
|
|
|
koseti |
|
casad |
|
|
/husten |
|
hósta |
|
kasate |
|
kâsa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
kaszleć |
kašljat' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
smei- |
to laugh
|
|
|
|
|
|
smaidit |
|
miad/ |
|
|
smierōn/schmieren |
smēarcian/smirk |
|
meidos |
smayate |
|
|
|
|
|
co(s)mis |
|
|
smejo |
śmiać się |
smejat' |
smi- |
|
|
|
|
|
prai- |
to like
|
|
|
|
|
|
prieks |
|
|
rhydd |
frijja |
friunt/Freund |
frēond/friend |
frændi |
praos |
priyas |
|
|
frya |
|
|
|
|
|
prijati |
przyjaźnić się |
prijat' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
leubh- |
to love
|
laps |
|
|
|
|
liaupse/ |
|
|
|
|
liubōn/lieben |
lufian/love |
ljúfr |
|
lubhyati |
|
|
|
|
|
libido |
|
|
l'ubu |
lubić |
lubit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
eibh- |
to copulate
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
eiba/-- |
|
|
oibu |
yabhati |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
jebać |
ebat' |
|
|
|
oibalos |
|
|
sneubh- |
to woo
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
numphios |
|
|
|
|
|
|
nubere |
|
|
snubiti |
|
snubit' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
g'eme- |
to marry
|
|
|
|
amusnanal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
dzamos |
jamatar |
|
|
zamatar |
|
damad |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ed- |
to eat
|
|
eidmi |
|
utel/udel |
ist |
ėsti/ēst |
|
esse/ |
|
itan |
ezzan/essen |
etan/eat |
eta |
edō |
admi/átti |
|
|
ad |
|
|
edō |
edum |
|
jastĭ |
jeść |
jest’ |
/yesti |
|
|
|
esko- |
|
gwreugh- |
to bite
|
me gicë |
|
|
xajt'el |
|
|
|
|
brwyn |
kriustan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
grauzti |
|
|
|
gryźć |
gryzt' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
poi- |
to drink
|
pi |
|
|
|
|
|
|
/ibim |
|
|
|
|
|
pio |
payate/pitis |
|
|
|
|
|
bibo |
|
|
|
pić |
pit'ë |
|
|
|
|
|
|
leig'h- |
to lick
|
lëpij |
|
|
luzel |
|
|
|
ligim/ |
|
|
lecchōn/lecken |
liccian/lick |
sleikja |
leikhein |
ledhi |
|
liza |
|
|
lis |
lingere |
|
|
|
lizać |
lizat' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
sp(y)eu- |
to spit
|
|
|
|
|
|
spiauti/ |
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spiewan |
spīwan/speien |
spīwan/spew |
spýja |
ptuein |
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spuere |
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pljuju |
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reug- |
to vomit
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vorcam/vordzam |
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riaugti/raugietis |
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rouhhan/rauchen; rouh/Rauch |
rēocan/reek; rēc/reek |
reykja; reykr |
ereugomai |
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/āroġ |
rūctāre |
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rzygać |
rygat' |
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wem- |
to vomit
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vemiu/ |
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væma |
emein |
vamati |
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vam- |
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vomere |
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perd- |
to fart
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pjerth-pordh |
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per(d)sti |
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ferzan/furzen |
fēortan/fart |
freta |
perdein |
pardate |
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pierdzieć |
perdet' |
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perdomai |
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dhrei- |
to defecate
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derkti |
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drita |
dardainei |
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foria |
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dristat' |
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meigh- |
to urinate
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mizel |
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mizti |
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maihstus |
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māsc/mash |
miga |
omeihein |
mehati |
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maezati |
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mezga |
--/miśo |
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dre(m)- |
to sleep
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tartam/dardam |
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darthanō/-- |
drayati |
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dormiō |
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drzemać |
dremat' |
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suergh- |
to be ill
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sergu |
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serg/ |
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saurga |
sorgōn/sorgen; sorga/Sorge |
sorgian/sorrow; sorg/sorrow |
syrgja; sorg |
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surksati |
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sraga |
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mer- |
to die
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mer.nil |
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mirti |
marvos |
marb/ |
marw |
maúrþrjan; maurþs |
mordan/ermorden; mord/Mord |
myrþrian/murder; morþor/murder |
myrða; morð |
emorten |
marati |
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mr.e |
miryeite |
maryn/-- |
martahyā/mordan |
morior; mortuus |
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mrutvu |
umrzeć |
meret' |
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magh- |
to be able
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magus |
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mugan/mögen; maht/Macht |
magan/may; meaht/might |
mega; máttr |
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magus |
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mogti |
mogę |
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weid- |
to see-> to know
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gitem/kidem |
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witan; weis |
wizzan/wissen; wīs/weise |
witan/wit; wīs/wise |
vita; víss |
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veda |
vūčhūn |
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vaeda |
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vida/hodeida/peida |
videre |
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widzieć |
vedat' |
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wit |
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g'en- |
to know
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njeh |
kanes |
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canot'/dzanot' |
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žinoti |
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/gnath |
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kunnan |
kunnan/kennen |
cnāwan/know |
kenna |
gignōmi |
jñā- |
zānun |
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adana |
zon/ |
xšnasatiy/ |
cognoscō |
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znati |
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znat' |
knān-/nān- |
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werə- |
to speak
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ueria |
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vardas |
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waurd |
wort/Wort |
word/word |
orð |
eiro |
vrata |
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urvata |
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verbum |
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vrat' |
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k'leu- |
to hear
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slave |
clu |
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hliuþ |
hlūt/laut |
hlūd/loud |
hljóð |
kleos/Hēraklēs |
cravas |
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sravah |
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clarus |
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slovo |
klyos |
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cleves |
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nem- |
to count
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nuoma/ |
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nem/ |
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niman |
neman/nehmen |
niman; nome/numb |
nema |
nemō |
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numerus |
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med- |
to advise
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mit/mid |
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meddu |
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æmtig/empty |
meta |
medousa |
masti |
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meditor |
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gebh- |
to have
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gabenti |
gabi |
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giban |
geban/geben |
ġiefan/give |
gefa |
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habere |
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gobina |
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aug- |
to increase
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augti/augu |
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aukan |
ouhhon/auch |
eacan/eke |
auka |
auksanō |
ugras |
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augēre |
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ok-/auk- |
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dhe- |
to set, put
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dai- |
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deti |
dede |
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gadeths |
tuon/tun |
dōn/do |
dalidun |
tithenai/ |
dadhati |
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dadaiti |
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ada/ |
facere |
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fakust |
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dziac' |
delat' |
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dak- |
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do- |
to give
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dhashë |
da |
da- |
tal/dal |
dátweí |
duoti |
doenti |
tabur/tabhair |
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doron |
dadati |
dī |
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dadātuv/dādan |
dare |
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dida |
dati |
dać |
dat' |
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dadón |
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lau- |
to acquire
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luag/ |
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laun |
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laia/leia |
lotram |
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lucrum |
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lovit' |
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mei-n- |
to change
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mainas |
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moin/ |
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gamains |
gimeini/gemein |
gemæne/mean |
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menis |
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munus |
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menjat' |
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kwrei- |
to buy
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gnel/knel |
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krienis |
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crenim/ |
prynn |
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priasthai |
krīn.āti |
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kuryar/käry- |
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k'lep- |
to steal
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goġnal/koġnal |
auklipts |
slepti |
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cluain |
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hlifan |
/klauen |
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klepto |
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clepo |
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leugh- |
to tell a lie
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lugoti |
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liugan |
liogan/lügen |
lēogan/lie |
ljúga |
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lgat' |
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mei- |
to deceive
|
mashtrim |
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maju |
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mimos |
mayate |
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majat' |
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dhreugh- |
to deceive
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troum/Traum |
drēam/dream |
daumr; draugr |
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druhyati |
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druzaiti |
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dorugh |
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gang- |
to mock
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canc |
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gaggainein |
ganjah |
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gugnja |
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ghleu- |
to joke
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glauda |
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glēo/glee |
gleyma |
hleun |
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glupyj |
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(s)tai- |
to hide
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tajezzi |
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taid/ |
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tetao |
stayat |
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tayu- |
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tait' |
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dhers- |
to dare
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dyrsos |
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giturran/-- |
deorran/dare |
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thrasos |
dharsanah |
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darš-/ |
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druzate |
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derzkij |
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wedh- |
to lead
|
vjeth |
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varel |
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vedu |
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/fedim |
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weddian/wed |
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vadhus |
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vadu |
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vedu |
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weg'h- |
to ride
|
vjez |
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wegan/wiegen |
wegan/weigh |
vega |
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vahati |
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vazaiti |
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veho/vezti |
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vezti |
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bher- |
to bear
|
bie |
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berel/perel |
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baras |
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beirem/berim/brith |
|
bairan |
beran/gebären; burdin/Bürde |
beran/bear; byrþen/burden |
bera |
pherō |
bharati |
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bor |
baraiti |
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baratuv/bār; --/bordan |
fero |
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fertu |
berati |
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beru |
pär- |
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ber |
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stā- |
to stand
|
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stoti |
sistat |
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standan |
stantan/stehen |
standan/stand |
standa |
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staya |
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ista |
sto |
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stahu |
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stać |
stat' |
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eistani |
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k'lei- |
to lean
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linim |
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kletis/slieti |
cle |
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linên/lehnen |
hleonian/lean |
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klinē |
srayati |
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srinu- |
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clino |
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klet'/sloj |
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sed - |
to sit
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sedlon |
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sitan |
sezzal/; sizzan/sitzen |
sittan/sit |
sitja |
ella |
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sella |
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siedzień |
sedlo/selo |
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leg'h- |
to lie down
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lega' |
laigim/lige |
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ligan |
liggan/liegen |
licgan/lie |
liggja |
lexos; lekhesthai |
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lectus |
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lego |
leżeć |
lejat' |
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ei- |
to go
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eiti |
eimu |
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iddja |
|
eode/-- |
|
eimi |
eti |
|
ie |
aeiti |
|
ai/bia |
ire |
|
ier |
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idti |
i- |
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gwem- |
to come
|
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gal/kal |
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qiman |
queman/kommen |
cuman/come |
|
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gamat |
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âca |
jamaiti |
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gam |
venio |
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kum-/käm- |
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leikw- |
to leave
|
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lkel/lgel |
|
liekas |
|
leicid/ |
|
leihwan |
līhan/leihen |
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|
leipo |
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linguo |
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dra- |
to flee
|
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trel/drel |
|
drebeti |
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trappel |
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dromos |
drati/dramati |
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drapat' |
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drava |
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k'ers- |
to run
|
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kark/garg |
|
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carros |
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epikouros/sarsai |
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curro/cursus |
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pleu- |
to flow
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plauti |
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flowen/fließen |
flēogan/fly |
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pleusis |
plavate |
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pulmo |
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plavat' |
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preu- |
to jump
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frowen/Freude; frosc/Frosch |
frocga/frog |
|
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pravate |
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prygat' |
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suep- |
to throw
|
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supuoti |
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svapu/vapati |
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supare/dissipare |
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sypat' |
|
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leug'- |
to break
|
lungë |
|
|
lucanel/ludzanel |
|
lauzti |
|
lucht/ |
|
|
luke |
|
|
lugros |
rujati |
|
|
uruxti |
|
|
lugere |
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tere- |
to cross over
|
shtir |
tarhzi |
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þairh |
duruh/durch |
þurh/through |
|
terthron-nektar |
tarati/avatar |
|
târa |
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|
terminus |
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čerez |
|
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sekw- |
to follow
|
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sekti |
|
sechim/ |
|
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secg/-- |
seggr |
|
sacate |
|
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hacaiti |
|
|
sequor |
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ap- |
to reach
|
|
apanzi |
|
ap/ab |
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apto |
aptah |
|
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apayeiti |
|
|
apex |
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|
oppacci |
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|
au- |
to help
|
|
|
|
aviun |
|
|
Awo |
|
|
ewyll |
|
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|
|
avati/avitar- |
|
|
aoman/avah- |
|
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|
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aukat' |
aulare |
|
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|
|
|
pet- |
to open arms
|
|
pattar |
|
|
|
petys |
|
|
|
|
fadam/Faden |
fæðm/fathom |
|
petalon |
|
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|
patana |
|
|
patere |
|
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dhegwh- |
to burn
|
djek |
|
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|
|
degti/degt |
dagis |
daig/ |
|
dags |
tag/Tag |
dæġ/day |
dagr |
tephra |
dahati |
|
|
dažaiti |
|
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|
|
žešti |
żgę |
dëgot'/žget |
tsäk/tsäk |
|
|
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|
|
tau- |
to melt
|
|
|
|
tanam/danam |
|
|
tawdd |
tam/ |
tawadd |
|
douwen/tauen |
þawian/thaw |
þeyja |
tēkō |
toyam |
|
|
|
thayun |
|
tabere |
|
|
tajati |
|
tayat' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
steg- |
to cover
|
|
|
|
|
|
stiegti |
|
tech/ |
|
þakjan; þak |
decchann/decken; dah/Dach |
þeċċean/thatch; þæc/thatch |
þekja; þak |
stegō |
sthagati |
|
|
|
|
|
tegere/toga/tectum |
|
|
|
|
stog |
|
|
|
|
|
|
areg- |
to lock
|
|
hark |
|
argel/arkel |
arkan |
|
|
|
|
arka |
|
|
|
argella |
argala |
|
|
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|
|
arcere |
|
|
|
|
|
--/ārk- |
|
|
|
|
|
gerbh- |
to scratch
|
gërvish |
|
|
kerel/gerel |
girbin |
|
|
|
|
|
kerban/kerben |
ċeorfan/carve |
|
grapho/grammo; graphein |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
žrebij |
|
|
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|
|
|
orbho- |
work
|
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arpa- |
|
orb/orp |
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|
orbe |
orbe/ |
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|
arabeit/Arbeit |
earfoð/-- |
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orphanos |
arbha |
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orbus |
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rabu |
robota |
rabota |
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se- |
to sow
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semens/seti |
saithe |
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saian |
sāen/säen |
sāwan/sow |
sa |
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semen/serere |
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sejati |
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seyat'/semja |
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are- |
to plow
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araur |
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arti |
airim |
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arddu |
arjan |
|
erian/-- |
arþr |
arou |
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aro |
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orja |
orać |
orat' |
are |
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bhel- |
to bloom
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blath/ |
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bloma |
bluomo/Blume |
blōma/bloom; blōstm/blossom |
blómi |
phyllon |
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folium; flōs/flōris |
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pält/pilta |
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kerp- |
to pluck
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sirpis |
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herbist/Herbst |
hærfest/harvest |
haust |
karpos/arpagē |
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carpere/sarpio |
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serp |
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neik- |
to winnow
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niekoti |
nithio |
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neiklon |
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mele- |
to grind
|
miell |
malla- |
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malem |
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malu |
melim |
melim/meilim |
malu |
malan |
malan/mahlen |
melo/meal |
mala |
mulos |
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molere |
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kumaltu |
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melju |
malyw-/mely- |
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gwhen- |
to press
|
gjanj |
kwen |
|
gan/kan |
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ginti/dzit |
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gonim/ |
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gundfano/-- |
gūþ/-- |
gunnr |
theino/phonos |
hanti |
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jainti |
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ajanam/ |
dēfendō |
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gnat' |
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deme- |
to tame
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damaazzi |
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damnaim/ |
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tamjan; tams |
zamōn/zähmen; zam/zahm |
temian/tame; tam/tame |
temja; tamr |
damnanai |
damyati |
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dam |
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domare |
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pas- |
to protect
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pahhsi |
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fodjan; fodeins |
fuotan/--; fuotar/Futter |
fēdan/feed; fōda/food; fōdor/fodder |
fǫða; fóðr |
apastos |
pacyati |
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pastum |
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pasti |
pask |
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sne- |
to spin
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snate |
|
snáthe/snáth |
|
neþla |
nādala/Nadel |
nædl/needle |
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neo/nema |
snayati |
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nere |
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snovat'/osnova |
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teks- |
to weave
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tukstet |
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duhen/-- |
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tikos |
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textile |
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tkat' |
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syu- |
to sew
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siūti/šūt |
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siujan |
siuwan/-- |
seowian/sew |
syja |
humēn |
syutas |
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suere |
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szyć |
šit' |
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rezg- |
to plait
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rezgis |
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rysce/rush |
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rajju |
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restis |
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rozga |
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eu- |
to dress
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aganum/akanum |
|
auti/aviu |
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aotra |
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exuo/induo |
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obuv' |
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neigw- |
to rinse
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nigid/ |
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nix |
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nikr |
nidzo |
nenekti |
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noegeum |
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loua- |
to wash
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lauzi |
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loganam/lokanam |
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lautro |
loathar/ |
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louga/Lauge |
lēag/lye; lēðran/lather; |
laug |
louein |
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lavare |
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dheig'h- |
to mold
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tais |
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teig/Teig |
dāg/dough |
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teichos |
dehah |
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fingere |
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testo |
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pekw- |
to cook
|
pjek |
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poeth |
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pepsis |
pacati |
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puk |
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pech |
päk- |
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kuep- |
to boil
|
kapitem |
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kupuoti |
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hvap |
kapnos |
kupyati |
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cupere |
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kipet' |
kāp- |
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ked- |
to fume
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kadegis |
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kedros |
kadrum |
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kadit' |
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ongw- |
to anoint
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|
aucanem/audzanem |
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|
amenen |
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|
ancho |
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anakti |
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unguo |
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wegwh- |
to vow
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yuzem |
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eihomai |
vaghat |
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|
vaganti |
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|
vovere |
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prek'- |
to ask
|
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|
prasyti |
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|
fraihnan |
fragōn/fragen; frāga/Frage |
friġnan/--; fræġn/-- |
fregna |
|
pracnas |
|
|
frasa |
|
pursīdan |
precor |
|
|
prositi |
|
prosit' |
prak/pärk |
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gwer- |
to praise
|
grish |
|
|
|
girtwei |
girti/dzirt |
|
bard/bárd |
bardd |
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gr.nāti |
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grātēs |
|
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žrec |
krant-/krent- |
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ghwen- |
to sound
|
zeh |
|
|
jain/čain |
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zvenet' |
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swonos- |
sound
|
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swan/Schwan |
swan/swan |
svanr |
|
svanas |
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sonus |
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|
dźwięk |
|
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k'wei- |
to whistle
|
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|
svyksti |
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hvinan/whistle |
hvina |
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svist |
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kan- |
to sing
|
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canim/ |
canu |
hana |
hano/Hahn; henna/Henne |
henn/hen |
|
kanaso |
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cano |
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kanyuk |
kan |
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leig- |
to dance
|
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|
laigyti |
|
loig/ |
|
laiks |
leich/ |
lāc/-- |
leikr |
ligaino |
rejati |
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|
lizim (Kurdish) |
|
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likovat' |
|
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wes- |
to feast
|
|
uesi |
|
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|
gwest |
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wist/ |
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|
vastoh |
|
|
vastra |
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vescor |
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serpe- |
to creep
|
gjarpër |
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herpō |
sr.p |
so.rūph |
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serpō |
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gwhen- |
to strike, to kill
|
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banja |
bana/-- |
bana/bane |
bani |
|
han |
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/zahr |
dēfendere |
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webh- |
to weave
|
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weban/weben |
wefan/weave |
vefa |
huphē |
ubhnati |
|
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|
baftan/ |
|
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|
wekw- |
to speak
|
|
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|
wackis |
|
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|
/erwähnen |
|
|
ops |
vacas |
|
|
vac- |
|
|
vōx |
|
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vak/vek |
|
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|
wē- |
to blow
|
|
huwantis |
|
|
|
vejas/ |
|
feth/ |
gwynt |
waian |
wint/Wind; wetar/Wetter; waian/wehen |
wind/wind; weder/weather; wāwan/-- |
vindr; veðr |
aemi |
vā- |
|
|
vata |
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|
ventus |
|
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vejati |
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wet- |
to blow, inspire
|
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|
Wōden/Wednesday |
Ōðinn |
Wuotan/Wotan/atmos |
|
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fáith/ |
|
|
vennus |
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tong- |
to think
|
thangë |
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þangkjan |
denken/denken |
þencan/think |
þekkja |
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tongēo |
tanginúd |
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tunk/tankw |
|
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srobh- |
to gulp
|
gjerbë |
|
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arbi/arpi |
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|
srub |
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|
rhopeō |
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sorbēo |
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bhlē- |
to bleat
|
blegë |
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/blēt |
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blætan/bleat |
|
belazō |
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fleō |
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blejat' |
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saus- |
to dry
|
tha |
|
|
|
sausā |
sausa/saus |
|
|
|
|
sōrēn/-- |
sēar/sear |
|
hauos/ |
śus.yati |
|
|
haoš |
|
uška/xošk |
sūdus |
|
|
|
|
suxoj |
|
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|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
meg'- |
great
|
madh |
mekkish |
|
mec/medz |
|
|
maige |
|
|
mikils |
mihhill/-- |
micil/much |
mikill |
megas |
mahas |
|
|
mazant |
|
|
magnus |
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|
|
māk/mākā |
|
|
mag |
meka- |
|
mei- |
small
|
|
meiu- |
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|
mins |
/minder |
minsian/-- |
minnr |
meiōn |
|
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|
|
minor |
|
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|
|
men'še |
|
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wesu- |
good
|
|
wasu |
|
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|
vesels |
uesu |
|
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|
vasu |
|
|
vanhu |
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|
vesëlyj |
yasi |
|
|
ves |
vasu |
|
dus- |
bad
|
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|
tuz- |
zur-/-- |
|
|
dys- |
dus- |
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duš-/ |
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|
kailo- |
sane
|
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|
coilou/coel |
|
|
hailags |
heilag/heilig |
hālig/holy |
heilagr |
koilu |
|
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|
salvis |
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|
tselyĭ |
|
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|
kal- |
handsome
|
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|
hælþ/health |
|
kallos |
kalya |
|
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|
k'wen- |
holy
|
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|
sventas |
|
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|
hunsl |
|
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|
spanyah |
|
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|
święty |
svatoj |
|
|
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|
|
upo-s |
high
|
|
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|
|
uxello |
/uas |
uchel |
|
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|
|
hypsi |
|
|
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|
|
uxellus |
|
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|
|
vysokij |
|
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|
|
dheub- |
deep
|
|
|
|
|
|
dubos |
dubno- |
|
|
diups |
tiof/tief |
deop/deep; dyfan/dive |
diupr |
buthos |
|
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|
|
duplo |
|
|
|
dubris |
|
|
sen- |
old
|
|
|
|
hin |
|
senas |
sen |
|
hen |
sineigs |
|
|
sina |
enos |
sana |
|
|
hana |
|
|
senex |
|
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|
newo- |
new
|
|
newa |
|
nor |
nauns |
naujas/ |
Nevio- |
nue/ |
newydd |
niujis |
niuwi/neu |
nīwe/new |
nýr |
neos |
navas |
nōv |
nuĩ |
nava |
nog/ |
/now |
novus |
Nuvellum |
|
novu |
nowy |
novyj |
ñu/ñuwe |
|
|
|
|
|
nu- |
now
|
tani |
nu |
|
|
teinu |
nu/nu |
|
|
|
nu |
nū/nun |
nū/now |
nū |
nu/ |
nū |
|
|
|
|
nūra/ |
nunc |
|
|
nu |
|
|
num./nano |
|
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|
|
yeu- |
young
|
|
|
|
|
|
jaunas/jauns |
Jovinc- |
óac/óg |
ieuanc/ieuanc |
juggs |
jung/jung |
ġeong/young |
ungr |
|
yunas |
|
|
yavan |
|
javan |
juvenis |
|
iuengar |
junu |
|
junyj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
weg'- |
lively
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
wakan |
wahhen/wachen |
wacan/wake |
vaka |
|
vajayati |
|
|
vazram |
|
|
vegeo |
|
|
|
|
|
wasir |
|
|
|
|
|
las- |
eager
|
|
|
|
|
|
loksnus |
|
|
|
lustus |
lust/Lust |
lust/lust |
lyst |
lilaiomai |
lasati |
|
|
|
|
|
lascivus |
|
|
|
|
laska |
|
|
|
|
|
|
gal- |
naked
|
|
|
|
|
|
gale/galva |
|
|
|
|
kalo/kahl |
calu/callow |
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kaurva |
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kal/kacal |
calvus |
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glava |
goły; głowa |
golyj; golova |
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nogw- |
naked
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nekumant- |
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nuogas |
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nocht/ |
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naqaþs |
nackut/nackt |
nacod/naked |
nakinn |
gumnos |
nagna |
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nudus |
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nagu- |
nagi |
nagoj |
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bhosos |
barefoot
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bok/pog |
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basas/bass |
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bar/bar |
bær/bare |
berr |
psilos |
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boso |
bosoj |
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aig- |
sick
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ingas/angus |
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eikenn |
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aeger |
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jaga |
aikare |
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kaiko- |
one-eyed
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keikti |
cuic |
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haihs |
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kaikias |
kekara |
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caecus |
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ster- |
sterile
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shtjerre |
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sterj/sderč |
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stero/ |
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steira |
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sterilis |
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dek's- |
right
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djathtë |
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desine |
dexs |
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de |
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zeso/ |
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dasina |
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dexter |
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destrame |
desnaya |
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layuo- |
left
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islaivoti |
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lyft/left |
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laios |
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laevus |
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lewy |
levyj |
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levo |
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sewio- |
left
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aswy |
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savyas |
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haoya |
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shuja |
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--/saiwai |
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dheb- |
fat
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debīkan |
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debelyj |
tpär/täpr |
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pasto- |
solid
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hast/hasd |
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fastan |
festi/fest |
fæst/fast |
fastr |
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pastyam |
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bheng'h |
thick
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panku |
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pinguis |
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bungo/ |
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naxos |
bahu |
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bazah |
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pkante |
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tenu- |
thin
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teneu |
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dunni/dünn |
þynne/thin |
þunnr |
tanus |
tanus |
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tenuis/tevas |
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cienki |
tonkij |
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dlonghos- |
long
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gjatë |
dalugaes |
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ilgas |
dala/loggos |
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laggs |
lang/lang |
lang/long |
langr |
dolikhos |
dirghas |
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dargam |
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darga-/dirang |
longus |
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długi |
dolgij |
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mreg'hu- |
short
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mergi/-- |
mirige/merry |
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brahea |
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muruzu- |
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brevis |
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ang'h- |
narrow
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anjuk/ančug |
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|
eang |
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aggwus |
engi/eng |
|
ongr |
agho |
ahema |
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azanhe |
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vjazat' |
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gwerə- |
heavy
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gursti |
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cweorn/quern |
kvern |
baros |
guruh |
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gouruh |
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gran |
gravis |
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krāmärts/krāmär |
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lengwh- |
lightweight
|
lehtë |
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lāngiseilingins |
lengva/liegs |
|
lugu/lugha |
llai |
līhts |
līht/leicht |
lēoht/light |
lēttr |
elakhistos |
laghu |
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ragu |
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levis |
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liguku |
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lëgkij |
lankŭtse |
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ok'us |
quick
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dioc |
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okos |
āśu- |
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āsu |
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ōcior |
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jastreb |
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bheres- |
lively
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bruzgus |
brys |
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festino |
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borzoj |
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toros |
loud
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tar- |
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pardzradzajn/barcracajn |
|
tariu |
taran |
/torann |
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toros |
taras |
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taratorit' |
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kwei- |
quiet
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hveila |
hwila/Weile |
hwil/while |
hvila |
|
ciram |
|
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syata- |
|
šiyatish/ |
quies/tranquillus |
|
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pokoji |
|
pokoy |
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k'leu- |
clean
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šluoti/slaumi |
Cluad |
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clir |
|
hlūttar/lauter |
hlūttor/ |
|
kludōn |
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sareh |
cloāca |
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sleza |
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swād- |
sweet
|
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suadu |
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swuozi/süss |
swēte/sweet |
sœtr |
hēdus |
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xvaēda |
|
xosh |
suavis |
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|
słodki |
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kuath- |
sour
|
cos |
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kusuls |
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hatho |
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kvathas |
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caseus |
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kwaśny |
kvas |
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|
om- |
bitter
|
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|
|
hum |
|
amuols |
|
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|
/ahm |
ampre/ |
|
omos |
amlam |
|
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|
amarus |
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ak'r- |
sharp
|
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|
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asrus/akstis |
|
|
|
ahs |
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akros |
asrih |
|
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acer |
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|
ostr/ost' |
|
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|
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gel- |
cold
|
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saltas |
|
|
|
klads |
kalt/kalt |
ċeald/cold |
kaldr |
gelandron |
|
|
|
sald |
|
sard |
gelus |
gelan |
|
hlad |
chłód |
xolodnyj |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ghwer- |
warm
|
zjarr |
war- |
|
jerm/čerm |
goro |
garas/gars |
|
fogeir/ |
|
|
warm/warm |
wearm/warm; bearnan/burn |
brenna |
thermos |
ghr.n.a-;gharmi |
germi |
|
garəma |
|
garma/garm |
furnus; formus; fornāx |
|
|
varu; variti |
|
požar |
|
|
|
|
germe |
germas
|
g'heu-d |
liquid
|
|
|
|
gijoy/kičoy |
|
|
|
|
|
giutan |
giozan/gießen |
ġēotan/--; guttas/gut |
gjóta |
hota/deisa |
hutas/juhoti |
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
židkij |
|
|
|
|
|
|
melk- |
wet->milk
|
|
|
|
|
|
malkas |
|
melg/ |
|
miluks |
miluh/Milch |
meolc/milk |
mjolk |
melkion |
marjati |
|
|
|
|
|
mulceo |
|
|
mleko |
|
moloko |
malk-/mälk |
|
|
|
|
|
plāk- |
flat
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/flach |
/fluke |
|
plas/pelagos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
plancus |
|
|
|
płaski |
ploskij |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Albanian
|
Anatolian
|
Armenian
|
Baltic
|
Celtic
|
Germanic
|
Hellenic
|
Indo-Iranian
|
Italic
|
Slavic
|
Tocharian
|
Other
|
Root |
Meaning |
Albanian |
Hittite |
Lycian |
Armenian |
Old Prussian |
Lithuanian/Latvian |
Gaulish |
Irish |
Welsh |
Gothic |
German |
English |
Old Norse |
Greek |
Sanskrit |
Kashmiri (Dardic) |
Kamviri (Nuristani) |
Avestan |
Ossetian |
Persian |
Latin |
Oscan |
Umbrian |
Old Church Slavonic |
Polish |
Russian |
Tocharian |
Dacian |
Old Macedonian |
Illyrian |
Phrygian |
Thracian
|
reudh- |
red
|
|
|
|
|
|
raudonas/ruds |
roudo- |
ruad/ |
rhudd |
rauþs |
rōt/rot |
rēad/red |
rjōðr |
eruthros |
rudhiras |
|
|
raoðita |
|
vard |
ruber |
Rufriis |
rufru |
|
|
rdet' |
rtär/ratre |
|
|
|
|
|
albho- |
white
|
|
alpas |
alb- |
|
|
|
|
|
elfydd |
|
Alpen |
ælf/elf |
alfr |
alphos |
|
|
|
|
|
|
albus |
|
alfu |
|
|
lebed' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
bhel- |
light, bright
|
ballë |
|
|
bal/pal |
ballo |
baltas/balts |
Bellenos |
beltene/bealtaine |
bal |
|
bleich/bleich |
blæcan/bleach; blæc/black |
bāl |
bala/phalos |
bhālam |
|
|
|
|
|
flagrare |
|
|
|
biały |
bely/belyj |
|
|
|
balta |
falos |
balios
|
arg'- |
white, shine
|
|
harki- |
|
arcath |
|
|
arganto |
arget/airgead |
ariant |
|
|
eorcnan/-- |
|
erchan/--/argos |
arjuna |
|
|
arazata |
|
roxan/roshan |
arguō |
aragetud |
|
|
|
|
ārki/arkwi |
|
|
|
arg |
arzas
|
g'hel- |
green
|
dhelpër |
|
|
|
|
žalias/zaļš |
|
gel/gealach |
glan |
|
gelo/gelb |
geolu/yellow |
gulr |
khlōros |
|
|
|
|
|
|
helvus |
|
|
|
zielony |
zelënyj |
|
|
|
|
zelkia |
|
k'as-n |
gray->hare
|
|
|
|
|
sasins |
|
|
|
ceinach |
|
haso/Hase |
hara/hare |
heri |
|
kasas |
|
|
|
|
|
cānus |
|
|
|
|
sosna |
|
|
|
|
|
|
k'erbero- |
piebald
|
|
|
|
|
|
kirba |
|
corbaim/ |
|
|
|
|
|
kerberos |
sarvarah/cabalas |
|
|
|
|
gur |
|
|
|
|
|
sobol' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
tem- |
dark
|
terr |
|
|
|
|
tamsa |
|
temel/ |
|
|
demar/ |
|
|
|
tamas |
|
|
tamah |
|
|
tenebrai |
|
|
|
ciemny |
temen' |
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following unrecognized language codes were encountered:
Code |
Occurances
|
Af |
1
|
Blg |
1
|
Gl |
1
|
NI |
3
|
OI |
1
|
OR |
2
|
OS |
2
|
Pe |
1
|
Sc |
1
|
Sg |
1
|
Sk |
2
|
Sl |
1
|
Thr |
1
|