User:Donald Trung/Thái Bình Hưng Bảo

This page serves as the editing history for the article Thái Bình Hưng Bảo and exists for historical documentation.

Original draft

{{Infobox coin | Denomination = Thái Bình Hưng Bảo (太平興寶){{efn|Though the reign title was Thái Bình (太平), all coins actually bear the inscription Đại Bình Hưng Bảo (大平興寶) instead of (太平興寶).}} | Country = [[Đại Cồ Việt]] ([[Đinh dynasty]]) | Value = 1 [[Vietnamese cash|cash]] | Unit = | Mass_g = 2.3 | Diameter_mm = 22 to 23.87<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.charm.ru/library/thaibinhhung.htm|title= Vietnamese Coin - Thai Binh Hung Bao.|date=8 November 1998|accessdate=5 July 2018|work=T.D. Luc at the Chinese Coinage Website (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref> | Diameter_inch = | Diameter_special =  | Thickness_mm = 1 | Thickness_inch = | Thickness_special =  | Composition = [[Bronze]] | Years of Minting = 970–979 | Mintage =  | Circulation = | Catalog Number =  | Obverse = File:Thái Bình Hưng Bảo - Dr. Luke Roberts 01.jpg | Obverse Design = 大平興寶 (Đại Bình Hưng Bảo) | Obverse Designer = | Obverse Design Date = | Obverse Discontinued = | Reverse = File:Thái Bình Hưng Bảo - Dr. Luke Roberts 02.jpg | Reverse Design = 丁 (Đinh) (coins produced under [[Đinh Bộ Lĩnh|Ðinh Tiên Hoàng]]) Blank (coins produced under [[Đinh Phế Đế]])<ref>{{cite web|url= http://art-hanoi.com/toda/11.html|title=Annam and its Minor Currency - Chapter XI. The 吳 Ngo Family. The twelve 使君 Suquan. The 丁 Dinh Dynasty. The former 黎 Le Dynasty. - 940-1010 A.D.|date=1882|accessdate=5 July 2018|work= [[Eduardo Toda y Güell]] (with notations from Sema).|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/roberts/coins/Annamcash.html|title=Vietnam (Annam) Cash Coins.|date=24 October 2003|accessdate=5 July 2018|work=Dr. Luke Roberts at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara|Department of History - University of California at Santa Barbara]] |language=en}}</ref> | Reverse Designer = | Reverse Design Date = | Reverse Discontinued = }} The '''Thái Bình Hưng Bảo''' ([[Hán tự]]: 太平興寶) was the first [[Vietnamese cash|cash coin]] produced in [[Vietnam]] as well as the oldest currency ever natively produced there.<ref>Lục Đức Thuận, Võ Quốc Ky, sách đã dẫn, page 57. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> Despite bearing the actual legend of ''Đại Bình Hưng Bảo'' (大平興寶) it is known as the "Thái Bình Hưng Bảo" because the reign era (or [[Vietnamese era name|niên hiệu]]) was "Thái Bình" as it was first minted in 970 under the reign of [[Ðinh Tiên Hoàng]] of the [[Đinh dynasty]], its production ran until 979 under his son, [[Đinh Phế Đế]]. The Thái Bình Hưng Bảo was the only coin produced under the Đinh dynasty as even after Ðinh Tiên Hoàng was replaced by his son Đinh Phế Đế, coins the same inscription were continued to be manufactured. The Thái Bình Hưng Bảo helped assert Vietnam's economic, political, diplomatic, and cultural independence from [[China]] as up until that point imported [[Cash (Chinese coin)|Chinese cash coins]] were the ''de facto'' currency of Vietnam for areas that were high in trade.<ref>Kiến Thức [https://m.kienthuc.net.vn/phong-thuy/thai-binh-hung-bao-dong-tien-dau-tien-cua-viet-nam-38674.html Thái Bình hưng bảo: Đồng tiền đầu tiên của Việt Nam]. Retrieved: 05 July 2018. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> The introduction of a native currency was seen as being culturally significant as it asserted a national consciousness and a continued spirit of independence.<ref>Lục Đức Thuận, Võ Quốc Ky (2009), Tiền cổ Việt Nam, Nhà xuất bản Giáo dục. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> The Thái Bình Hưng Bảo was made from [[bronze]] and had a round shape with a square central hole, the round outer shape symbolised the universe while the square hole represented the [[earth]] as they were perceived in [[Chinese mythology|Chinese]] and [[Vietnamese mythology]]. This design continued to be used for Vietnamese cash coins issued by [[History of Vietnam|later dynasties]] and ended with the [[Bảo Đại Thông Bảo]] (保大通寶) until [[List of monarchs of Vietnam|Emperor]] [[Bảo Đại]] abdicated in 1945.<ref name="JEAN2I">{{Cite web|url= https://issuu.com/jean388/docs/the_second_issue_of_jean/81|title=Sapeque and Sapeque-Like Coins in Cochinchina and Indochina (交趾支那和印度支那穿孔錢幣)|date=20 April 2016|accessdate=4 March 2018|work=Howard A. Daniel III (The Journal of East Asian Numismatics – Second issue)|language=en}}</ref><ref>Dr. R. Allan Barker. (2004) The historical Cash Coins of Viet Nam. {{ISBN|981-05-2300-9}}</ref><ref>Việt Touch [http://www.viettouch.com/numis/ VIET NAM COINS & PAPER NOTES.] AUTHOR: Thuan D. Luc COLLECTION: Bao Tung Nguyen Retrieved: 05 July 2018.</ref> == History == Prior to the introduction of the Thái Bình Hưng Bảo Vietnam did not have its own currency in circulation as Vietnam was in a chaotic state during the [[Anarchy of the 12 Warlords]] where rival factions constantly fought each other, it wasn’t until Vietnam got unified under the Đinh dynasty that there was a central government in place with the authority to issue a national currency, the first Thái Bình Hưng Bảo cash coins had the reverse inscription "丁" (Đinh), which was the name of the dynasty.<ref>Tindoco [http://tindoco.free.fr/HTML/tienco.htm Chơi tiền cổ]. Retrieved: 05 July 2018. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> Numismatists have concluded that this coin was mostly used domestically as Vietnam didn't engage in much maritime trade at the time with the only written record of trade with foreign merchants being in 976 in [[Hoa Lư]] along the Hoàng Long river. The presence of contemporary native Vietnamese mints is notably absent in the historical records of Vietnam, however Chinese records confirm that the Đinh dynasty did issue Thái Bình Hưng Bảo coins. Despite issuing its own currency now the [[Economy of Vietnam|Vietnamese economy]] was still mostly based on [[barter]] at the time with Chinese currency mostly circulating in the border area, and although the succeeding Thiên Phúc Trấn Bảo (天福鎮寶) cash coins were more widely produced and circulated more it wasn't until the [[Later Lê dynasty]] that the Vietnamese economy became a currency-based economy.<ref>Binh Định [http://www.baobinhdinh.com.vn/datnuoc-connguoi/2010/7/95038/ Thái Bình hưng bảo: Đồng tiền đầu tiên của Việt Nam]. Published: 11:44', 28/7/ 2010 (GMT+7). Retrieved: 05 July 2018. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> It has been suggested by some Chinese numismatists that cash coins bearing the inscription Thái Bình Hưng Bảo were cast during the first year of the reign of Emperor [[Lê Hoàn]] during the [[Early Lê dynasty]].<ref>Vietnamese Historical Currency. Published by the Yunnan and GuangXi Numismatic Society in 1993 (in [[Mandarin Chinese]]).</ref> == Modern influence == The [[State Bank of Vietnam]] keeps a Thái Bình Hưng Bảo coin in their "traditional room", and a Thái Bình Hưng Bảo coin is also on display at the [[National Museum of Vietnamese History]] in [[Hanoi]],<ref>[http://www.qdnd.vn/qdndsite/vi-vn/61/43/quan-doi/dong-chi-nguyen-thien-nhan-tham-chuc-mung-bao-tang-lich-su-quan-su-viet-nam/393858.html Đồng chí Nguyễn Thiện Nhân thăm, chúc mừng Bảo tàng Lịch sử Quân sự Việt Nam]. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> as well as in the provincial Museum of [[Ninh Bình Province|Ninh Bình]].<ref>[http://nbtv.vn/tin-tuc-su-kien/ninh-binh-24h/van-hoa-xa-hoi/201504/bao-tang-tinh-chuan-bi-trung-bay-hien-vat-tai-le-hoi-truong-yen-604189/ Bảo tàng tỉnh Ninh Bình chuẩn bị trưng bày hiện vật tại Lễ hội Trường Yên]. (in [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]])</ref> == Notes == {{Notes}} == References == {{Reflist}} == External links == * [http://currencies.wikia.com/wiki/Vietnamese_1_văn_coin_(968-979) Vietnamese 1 văn coin (968-979)] ([[Wikia]]). {{Commonscat|Thái Bình Hưng Bảo}} {{Vietnamese currency and coinage}} [[:Category:Currencies of Vietnam]] [[:Category:Economic history of Vietnam]] .

Redirects

#REDIRECT [[Thái Bình Hưng Bảo]]

Standard source

July 2018.

<ref>{{cite web|url=|title=|date=24 October 2003|accessdate= July 2018|work=Dr. Luke Roberts at the [[University of California, Santa Barbara|Department of History - University of California at Santa Barbara]] |language=en}}</ref>

<ref>{{cite web|url= http://art-hanoi.com/toda/11.html|title=Annam and its Minor Currency - Chapter XI. The 吳 Ngo Family. The twelve 使君 Suquan. The 丁 Dinh Dynasty. The former 黎 Le Dynasty. - 940-1010 A.D.|date=1882|accessdate=5 July 2018|work= [[Eduardo Toda y Güell]] (with notations from Sema).|language=en}}</ref>

<ref>{{cite web|url= |title= |date=|accessdate= July 2018|work= |language=en}}</ref>

Earlier attribution

For earlier attribution please see: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/Th%C3%A1i_B%C3%ACnh_H%C6%B0ng_B%E1%BA%A3o/Infobox&redlink=1#