User:Donald Trung/French Protectorate of Annam infobox improvements (2021)
This page serves as "the editing history" of the English Wikipedia article "Annam (French protectorate)" and is preserved for attribution. Its scope is expanded to related Nguyễn dynasty and post-Nguyễn dynasty articles.
Later I expanded its scope to just be a sandbox and experimentation page for just general Chinese cultural countries' infoboxes with Chinese-style seals.
As of 23 May 2021
[edit]Protectorate of Annam | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1883–1945 1945–1948 | |||||||||||||||||
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | |||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||
Status | Protectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina | ||||||||||||||||
Capital | Huế | ||||||||||||||||
Common languages | Cham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese | ||||||||||||||||
Religion | Mahayana Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Catholicism Folk religion Hinduism Islam | ||||||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy under colonial administration | ||||||||||||||||
Resident Superior | |||||||||||||||||
• 1886-1888 | Charles Dillon | ||||||||||||||||
• 1947-1949 | Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris | ||||||||||||||||
Emperor | |||||||||||||||||
• 1884–1885 | Hàm Nghi | ||||||||||||||||
• 1889–1907 | Thành Thái | ||||||||||||||||
• 1916–1925 | Khải Định | ||||||||||||||||
• 1925–1945 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese cash, French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Annam_(French_protectorate)&action=history & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Annam_(French_protectorate)&oldid=1024624385
Draft 1 (Chinese seal)
[edit]Protectorate of Annam | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1883–1945 1945–1948 | |||||||||||||||||
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | |||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||
National seal 中華民國之璽 (1929-1949) | |||||||||||||||||
Status | Protectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina | ||||||||||||||||
Capital | Huế | ||||||||||||||||
Common languages | Cham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese | ||||||||||||||||
Religion | Mahayana Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Catholicism Folk religion Hinduism Islam | ||||||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy under colonial administration | ||||||||||||||||
Resident Superior | |||||||||||||||||
• 1886-1888 | Charles Dillon | ||||||||||||||||
• 1947-1949 | Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris | ||||||||||||||||
Emperor | |||||||||||||||||
• 1884–1885 | Hàm Nghi | ||||||||||||||||
• 1889–1907 | Thành Thái | ||||||||||||||||
• 1916–1925 | Khải Định | ||||||||||||||||
• 1925–1945 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese cash, French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
Draft 2
[edit]Protectorate of Annam | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1883–1945 1945–1948 | |||||||||||||||||
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | |||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||
Imperial seal 皇帝之寶 (Hoàng Đế chi bảo) (Until 1945) | |||||||||||||||||
Status | Protectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina | ||||||||||||||||
Capital | Huế | ||||||||||||||||
Common languages | Cham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese | ||||||||||||||||
Religion | Mahayana Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Catholicism Folk religion Hinduism Islam | ||||||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy under colonial administration | ||||||||||||||||
Resident Superior | |||||||||||||||||
• 1886-1888 | Charles Dillon | ||||||||||||||||
• 1947-1949 | Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris | ||||||||||||||||
Emperor | |||||||||||||||||
• 1884–1885 | Hàm Nghi | ||||||||||||||||
• 1889–1907 | Thành Thái | ||||||||||||||||
• 1916–1925 | Khải Định | ||||||||||||||||
• 1925–1945 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese cash, French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
State of Vietnam with seal
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_of_Vietnam&oldid=1021386538
State of Vietnam | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1949–1955 | |||||||||||||
Anthem: "Thanh niên Hành Khúc" (English: "The March of Youths") | |||||||||||||
Seal of the Chief of State 保大國長 (1949–1954) | |||||||||||||
Status | Associated state of the French Union and constituent territory of French Indochina until 1954 | ||||||||||||
Capital | Saigon 10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E | ||||||||||||
Common languages | Vietnamese, French | ||||||||||||
Religion | Roman Catholicism Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Vietnamese folk religion | ||||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Vietnamese, South Vietnamese (after 1954) | ||||||||||||
Government | Provisional government | ||||||||||||
Chief of State | |||||||||||||
• 1949–1955 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||
Prime minister | |||||||||||||
• 1954–1955 | Ngô Đình Diệm | ||||||||||||
Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||||||
• Proclamation | 2 July 1949 | ||||||||||||
20 July 1954 | |||||||||||||
26 October 1955 | |||||||||||||
Currency | piastre đồng (from 1953) | ||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
Hoàng triều Cương thổ (皇朝疆土) Domaine de la Couronne | |
---|---|
Collection of autonomous territories of the State of Vietnam (a part of French Indochina until 1954) | |
1950–1955 | |
The Domain of the Crown within French Indochina before 1954 (note the modern provincial names and boundaries). | |
Capital | Đà Lạt |
Area transferred | |
• 1954 | Crown domains in Bắc phần ceded to North Vietnam |
Government | |
• Type | Autonomous administrative divisions |
Chief of State (as "Emperor") | |
• 1950–1955 | Bảo Đại |
Historical era | Cold War |
• Autonomy granted | 15 April 1950 |
13 March – 7 May 1954 | |
21 July 1954 | |
• Disestablished | 11 March 1955 |
Subdivisions | |
• Type | Autonomous territories, provinces, districts, communes |
Today part of | Vietnam |
Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire_of_Vietnam&oldid=1021234754
Empire of Vietnam | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1945 | |||||||||||||||
Motto: Dân vi quý 民為貴 "The people are the most precious" | |||||||||||||||
Anthem: Đăng đàn cung "The Emperor Mounts His Throne" Việt Nam minh châu trời Đông "Vietnam – Pearl of the Orient" | |||||||||||||||
Imperial seal Hoàng Đế chi bảo 皇帝之寶 | |||||||||||||||
Status | Puppet state of the Empire of Japan | ||||||||||||||
Capital | Thuận Hóa | ||||||||||||||
Common languages | Vietnamese, Japanese | ||||||||||||||
Religion | State Shinto Taoism Confucianism Buddhism Caodaism Hòa Hảo Hinduism Islam Roman Catholicism | ||||||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Vietnamese | ||||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy under Japanese occupation | ||||||||||||||
Emperor | |||||||||||||||
• 1945 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||||||
• 1945 | Trần Trọng Kim | ||||||||||||||
Historical era | World War II | ||||||||||||||
9 March 1945 | |||||||||||||||
• Proclamation of Independence | 11 March 1945 | ||||||||||||||
• Cabinet formed | 17 April 1945 | ||||||||||||||
19 August 1945 | |||||||||||||||
25 August 1945 | |||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese văn, French Indochinese piastre, Japanese military currency | ||||||||||||||
ISO 3166 code | VN | ||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||
Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296
Joseon Chosŏn / Chosun | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1392–1897 | |||||||||
Royal seals
| |||||||||
Capital | Hanseong[a] | ||||||||
Common languages | Korean Classical Chinese[2][3][4] | ||||||||
Religion | Confucianism (state ideology) Buddhism Shamanism Taoism Christianity (recognized in 1886) | ||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy[5] | ||||||||
King | |||||||||
• 1392–1398 (first) | Taejo | ||||||||
• 1863–1897 (last) | Gojong | ||||||||
Chief State Councillor[b] | |||||||||
• 1392–1398 (first) | Jeong Do-jeon | ||||||||
• 1896–1898 (last) | Yun Yong Seon | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Coronation of Taejo | 5 August 1392 | ||||||||
9 October 1446 | |||||||||
1592–1598 | |||||||||
• First and second Manchu invasions | 1627, 1636–1637 | ||||||||
26 February 1876 | |||||||||
17 April 1895 | |||||||||
13 October 1897 | |||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• 1400[6] | 5,730,000 | ||||||||
• 1500[7] | 9,200,000 | ||||||||
• 1600[7] | 11,000,000 | ||||||||
• 1700[7] | 13,500,000 | ||||||||
• 1900[6] | 17,082,000 | ||||||||
Currency | Mun (1423–1425, 1625–1892) Yang (1892–1897) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | North Korea South Korea |
Korean name | |
Hangul | |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Joseon |
McCune–Reischauer | Chosŏn |
IPA | [tɕo.sʌn] |
North Korea name | |
Hangul | |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Joseon Bonggeon Wangjo |
McCune–Reischauer | Chosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo |
Official name | |
Hangul | |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Daejoseonguk |
McCune–Reischauer | Taechosŏnguk |
IPA | [tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚] |
- ^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
- ^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)
- ^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown.
1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.
[permanent dead link] - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Met
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Lee
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Orchiston-Green-Strom
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books.
Joseon was an absolute monarchy
- ^ a b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
- ^ a b c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
- ^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
Standard reference templates
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- July 2021.
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<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
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- June 2021.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
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- May 2021.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- April 2021.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- February 2021.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= March 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- February 2021.
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<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
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- January 2021.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= January 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- December 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= December 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- October 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= October 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- November 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= November 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- September 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= September 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- August 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= August 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
- July 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= July 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- June 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= June 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- May 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= May 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE,except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=May 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- April 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=April 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
- March 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= March 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- February 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- January 2020.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- December 2019.
- <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2019|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= December 2019|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
To use
[edit]- <ref name="HoreshQing">{{cite web|url= https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-10-0622-7_54-1|title= The Monetary System of China under the Qing Dynasty.|date=28 September 2018|accessdate=29 July 2019|author= [[Niv Horesh]]|publisher= [[Springer Nature|Springer Link]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="HoreshQing"/>
- <ref name="PrimalQing">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/chinesecoins.html#qing_dynasty_coins|title= Chinese coins – 中國錢幣 - Qing (Ch'ing) Dynasty (1644-1911)|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=30 June 2017|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="PrimalQing"/>
- <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/01/08/the-king-of-qing-dynasty-coins/|title=The King of Qing Dynasty Coins.|date=8 January 2013|accessdate=8 January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins"/>
- <ref name="CambridgeInflation">{{cite web|url= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/hsienfeng-inflation/54A8F1ADDC871CC18F4DCFA828730DEB|title= The Hsien-Fêng Inflation (Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009).|date=October 1958|accessdate=28 July 2019|author= Jerome Ch'ên|publisher= [[SOAS University of London]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="CambridgeInflation"/>
- <ref name="Brill2015">[https://www.academia.edu/28400259/_Silver_Copper_Rice_and_Debt_Monetary_Policy_and_Office_Selling_in_China_during_the_Taiping_Rebellion_in_Money_in_Asia_1200_1900_Small_Currencies_in_Social_and_Political_Contexts_ed._by_Jane_Kate_Leonard_and_Ulrich_Theobald_Leiden_Brill_2015_343-395 “Silver, Copper, Rice, and Debt: Monetary Policy and Office Selling in China during the Taiping Rebellion,” in Money in Asia (1200–1900): Small Currencies in Social and Political Contexts, ed.] by Jane Kate Leonard and Ulrich Theobald, [[Leiden]]: Brill, 2015, 343-395.</ref>
- <ref name="Brill2015"/>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa">{{cite web|url= http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41940/1/WP159.pdf|title= Money and Monetary System in China in the 19th-20th Century: An Overview. (Working Papers No. 159/12)|date=January 2012|accessdate=26 January 2020|author= Debin Ma|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa"/>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan">{{cite web|url= http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3307/1/Yan_In_Search_of_Power.pdf|title= In Search of Power and Credibility - Essays on Chinese Monetary History (1851-1845).|date=March 2015|accessdate=8 February 2020|author= Xun Yan|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics|London School of Economics and Political Science]]||language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan"/>
Draft 3 (Golden dragon coat of arms - Đại Nam)
[edit]Protectorate of Annam | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1883–1945 1945–1948 | |||||||||||||||||
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité" "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" | |||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||
Imperial seal 皇帝之寶 (Hoàng Đế chi bảo) (Until 1945) | |||||||||||||||||
Status | Protectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina | ||||||||||||||||
Capital | Huế | ||||||||||||||||
Common languages | Cham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese | ||||||||||||||||
Religion | Mahayana Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Catholicism Folk religion Hinduism Islam | ||||||||||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy under colonial administration | ||||||||||||||||
Resident Superior | |||||||||||||||||
• 1886-1888 | Charles Dillon | ||||||||||||||||
• 1947-1949 | Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris | ||||||||||||||||
Emperor | |||||||||||||||||
• 1884–1885 | Hàm Nghi | ||||||||||||||||
• 1889–1907 | Thành Thái | ||||||||||||||||
• 1916–1925 | Khải Định | ||||||||||||||||
• 1925–1945 | Bảo Đại | ||||||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1883 | ||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese cash, French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
French Indochina with seal
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532
Indochinese Union Union indochinoise (French) Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese) សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer) ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1887–1945 1945–1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of Indochina 大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理 (Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Federation of French colonial possessions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common languages | French (official) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government | French federation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Governor-General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1887–1888 (first) | Ernest Constans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1955–1956 (last) | Henri Hoppenot[a] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1883–1886 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Establishment | 17 October 1887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 April 1899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Addition of Guangzhouwan | 5 January 1900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1940 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oct. 1940–May 1941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 March 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 December 1946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 July 1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1935 | 749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1935 | 21,599,582 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam Laos Cambodia China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
French Indochina with seal, but without inscription
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532
Indochinese Union Union indochinoise (French) Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese) សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer) ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1887–1945 1945–1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Federation of French colonial possessions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common languages | French (official) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government | French federation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Governor-General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1887–1888 (first) | Ernest Constans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1955–1956 (last) | Henri Hoppenot[b] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1883–1886 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Establishment | 17 October 1887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 April 1899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Addition of Guangzhouwan | 5 January 1900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1940 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oct. 1940–May 1941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 March 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 December 1946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 July 1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1935 | 749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1935 | 21,599,582 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam Laos Cambodia China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Tonkin with seal(s)
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tonkin_(French_protectorate)&oldid=1020811836
Protectorate of Tonkin Protectorat du Tonkin Bắc Kỳ (北圻) | |||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1883–1945 1945–1948 | |||||||||||||||||||
Seal of the Viceroy of Tonkin | |||||||||||||||||||
Status | Protectorate of France (1883-1887) Constituent territory of French Indochina (1887-1948) | ||||||||||||||||||
Capital | Hanoi | ||||||||||||||||||
Common languages | French, Vietnamese, Central Tai languages, Southwestern Tai languages, Hmongic languages, Mienic languages | ||||||||||||||||||
Religion | Mahayana Buddhism Confucianism Taoism Catholicism Folk religion | ||||||||||||||||||
Resident-Superior | |||||||||||||||||||
• 1886 | Paulin François Alexandre Vial | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1947-1948 | Yves Jean Digo | ||||||||||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||||||||||
• Established | 1883 | ||||||||||||||||||
• Disestablished | 1948 | ||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||
• 1885 | 7,487,000[1] | ||||||||||||||||||
• 1939 | 11,509,000[1] | ||||||||||||||||||
Currency | Vietnamese cash, French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam |
Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296
Joseon Chosŏn / Chosun | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1392–1897 | |||||||||
Royal seals
| |||||||||
Capital | Hanseong[a] | ||||||||
Common languages | Korean Classical Chinese[2][3][4] | ||||||||
Religion | Confucianism (state ideology) Buddhism Shamanism Taoism Christianity (recognized in 1886) | ||||||||
Government | Absolute monarchy[5] | ||||||||
King | |||||||||
• 1392–1398 (first) | Taejo | ||||||||
• 1863–1897 (last) | Gojong | ||||||||
Chief State Councillor[b] | |||||||||
• 1392–1398 (first) | Jeong Do-jeon | ||||||||
• 1896–1898 (last) | Yun Yong Seon | ||||||||
History | |||||||||
• Coronation of Taejo | 5 August 1392 | ||||||||
9 October 1446 | |||||||||
1592–1598 | |||||||||
• First and second Manchu invasions | 1627, 1636–1637 | ||||||||
26 February 1876 | |||||||||
17 April 1895 | |||||||||
13 October 1897 | |||||||||
Population | |||||||||
• 1400[6] | 5,730,000 | ||||||||
• 1500[7] | 9,200,000 | ||||||||
• 1600[7] | 11,000,000 | ||||||||
• 1700[7] | 13,500,000 | ||||||||
• 1900[6] | 17,082,000 | ||||||||
Currency | Mun (1423–1425, 1625–1892) Yang (1892–1897) | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Today part of | North Korea South Korea |
Korean name | |
Hangul | |
---|---|
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Joseon |
McCune–Reischauer | Chosŏn |
IPA | [tɕo.sʌn] |
North Korea name | |
Hangul | |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Joseon Bonggeon Wangjo |
McCune–Reischauer | Chosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo |
Official name | |
Hangul | |
Hanja | |
Revised Romanization | Daejoseonguk |
McCune–Reischauer | Taechosŏnguk |
IPA | [tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚] |
- ^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
- ^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)
- ^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown.
1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.
[permanent dead link] - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Met
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Lee
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
Orchiston-Green-Strom
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books.
Joseon was an absolute monarchy
- ^ a b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
- ^ a b c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
- ^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
- ^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
French Indochina with the Vietnamese-style seal and different description
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532
Indochinese Union Union indochinoise (French) Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese) សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer) ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1887–1945 1945–1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Federation of French colonial possessions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common languages | French (official) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government | French federation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Governor-General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1887–1888 (first) | Ernest Constans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1955–1956 (last) | Henri Hoppenot[b] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1883–1886 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Establishment | 17 October 1887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 April 1899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Addition of Guangzhouwan | 5 January 1900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1940 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oct. 1940–May 1941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 March 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 December 1946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 July 1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1935 | 749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1935 | 21,599,582 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam Laos Cambodia China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
French Indochina with a PNG seal
[edit]Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532
Indochinese Union Union indochinoise (French) Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese) សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer) ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1887–1945 1945–1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Anthem: "La Marseillaise" | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Status | Federation of French colonial possessions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common languages | French (official) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Government | French federation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Governor-General | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1887–1888 (first) | Ernest Constans | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1955–1956 (last) | Henri Hoppenot[b] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Historical era | New Imperialism | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1883–1886 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Establishment | 17 October 1887 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 April 1899 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• Addition of Guangzhouwan | 5 January 1900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1940 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oct. 1940–May 1941 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 March 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
22 September 1945 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
19 December 1946 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
21 July 1954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Area | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1935 | 749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Population | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
• 1935 | 21,599,582 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Currency | French Indochinese piastre | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Today part of | Vietnam Laos Cambodia China | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|