User : Donald Trung/French Protectorate of Annam infobox improvements (2021)

Saigon
10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E

Coat of arms

Anthem: "Thanh niên Hành Khúc"
(English: "The March of Youths")

Seal of the Chief of State
保大國長

(1949–1954)

Status

Associated state of the French Union and
constituent territory of French Indochina until 1954

Capital

Common languages

Vietnamese, French

Religion

Roman Catholicism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Vietnamese folk religion

Demonym(s)

Vietnamese,
South Vietnamese (after 1954)

Government

Provisional government

• 1949–1955

• 1954–1955

Historical era

• Proclamation

2 July 1949

• Geneva Accords

20 July 1954

• 1955 referendum

26 October 1955

Currency

piastre
đồng (from 1953)

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1949: Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
	1954: French Indochina

North Vietnam
South Vietnam

Today part of

Autonomous administrative divisions

Domain of the Crown

Hoàng triều Cương thổ (皇朝疆土)
Domaine de la Couronne

Collection of autonomous territories of the State of Vietnam (a part of French Indochina until 1954)

1950–1955

National flag and Imperial standard

Coat of arms and Imperial seal

The Domain of the Crown within French Indochina before 1954 (note the modern provincial names and boundaries).

Capital

Đà Lạt

Area transferred

• 1954

Crown domains in Bắc phần ceded to North Vietnam

Government

• Type

Chief of State
(as "Emperor")

• 1950–1955

Bảo Đại

Historical era

Cold War

• Autonomy granted

15 April 1950

• Battle of Điện Biên Phủ

13 March – 7 May 1954

• Geneva Accords

21 July 1954

• Disestablished

11 March 1955

Subdivisions

• Type

Autonomous territories, provinces, districts, communes

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	Montagnard country of South Indochina
	Mường Autonomous Territory
	Tai Autonomous Territory
	Hmong Kingdoms
	Nùng Autonomous Territory
	Thổ Autonomous Territory

Hòa Bình Province
Thái-Mèo Autonomous Region
Việt Bắc Autonomous Region
Hải Ninh Province
Darlac
Đồng Nai Thượng
Kontum
Lâm Viên
Pleiku

Today part of

Flag before and after 12 June 1945

Empire of Vietnam

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire_of_Vietnam&oldid=1021234754

Empire of Vietnam

Việt-nam Đế-quốc (Vietnamese)^[a]
越南帝國 (Classical Chinese^[b] and Japanese^[c])

1945

Motto: Dân vi quý
民為貴
"The people are the most precious"

Anthem: Đăng đàn cung
"The Emperor Mounts His Throne"

Việt Nam minh châu trời Đông
"Vietnam – Pearl of the Orient"

Imperial seal
Hoàng Đế chi bảo
皇帝之寶

Dark green: Empire of Vietnam
Light green: Nominally part of the Empire but under direct Japanese control

Status

Puppet state of the Empire of Japan

Capital

Thuận Hóa

Common languages

Vietnamese, Japanese

Religion

State Shinto
Taoism
Confucianism
Buddhism
Caodaism
Hòa Hảo
Hinduism
Islam
Roman Catholicism

Demonym(s)

Vietnamese

Government

Absolute monarchy under Japanese occupation

• 1945

• 1945

Historical era

• Japanese coup

9 March 1945

• Proclamation of Independence

11 March 1945

• Cabinet formed

17 April 1945

• August Revolution

19 August 1945

• Disestablished

25 August 1945

Currency

Vietnamese văn, French Indochinese piastre, Japanese military currency

ISO 3166 code

VN

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	French Annam
	French Tonkin
	French Indochina

Democratic Republic of Vietnam
French Indochina

^ Documents show the name as Việt-nam Đế-quốc, while in Modern Vietnamese, it would be Đế quốc Việt Nam
^ Some documents from 1945 feature the name in both Literary Chinese and Vietnamese.
^ Nowadays generally ベトナム帝国 (Betonamu Teikoku) in Japanese.

Joseon with two (2) Royal Seals

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296

Joseon
Chosŏn / Chosun

朝鮮 (조선)^[1]

1392–1897

Top: Royal standard
(c. 1856–1871)
Bottom: Royal standard
(1882–1897)

Royal coat of arms

Emblem of the kingdom
(late 19th century)

Royal seals

Ming dynasty protectorate.
Qing dynasty protectorate. (1776-1876).

Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong

Capital

Hanseong^[a]

Common languages

Korean
Classical Chinese^[2]^[3]^[4]

Religion

Confucianism (state ideology)
Buddhism
Shamanism
Taoism
Christianity (recognized in 1886)

Government

Absolute monarchy^[5]

King

• 1392–1398 (first)

Taejo

• 1863–1897 (last)

Gojong

Chief State Councillor^[b]

• 1392–1398 (first)

Jeong Do-jeon

• 1896–1898 (last)

Yun Yong Seon

History

• Coronation of Taejo

5 August 1392

• Promulgation of the Korean alphabet

9 October 1446

• Japanese invasions

1592–1598

• First and second Manchu invasions

1627, 1636–1637

• Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876

26 February 1876

• Treaty of Shimonoseki

17 April 1895

• Elevation to empire

13 October 1897

Population

• 1400^[6]

5,730,000

• 1500^[7]

9,200,000

• 1600^[7]

11,000,000

• 1700^[7]

13,500,000

• 1900^[6]

17,082,000

Currency

Mun (1423–1425, 1625–1892)
Yang (1892–1897)

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Goryeo

Korean Empire

Today part of

North Korea
South Korea

North Korea name
Korean name
Hangul	조선
Hanja	朝鮮
Revised Romanization	Joseon
McCune–Reischauer	Chosŏn
IPA	[tɕo.sʌn]
Hangul	조선봉건왕조^[8]^[9]
Hanja	朝鮮封建王朝
Revised Romanization	Joseon Bonggeon Wangjo
McCune–Reischauer	Chosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo
Official name
Hangul	대 조선 국
Hanja	大朝鮮國
Revised Romanization	Daejoseonguk
McCune–Reischauer	Taechosŏnguk
IPA	[tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚]

^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)

^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Cite error: The named reference Met was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Lee was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Orchiston-Green-Strom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books. Joseon was an absolute monarchy
^ ^a ^b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
^ ^a ^b ^c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

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May 2021.

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April 2021.

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February 2021.

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February 2021.

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January 2021.

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December 2020.

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September 2020.

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August 2020.

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July 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, ~~except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.~~

<ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= July 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

June 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, ~~except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.~~

<ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= June 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

May 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= May 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, ~~except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.~~

<ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=May 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

April 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=April 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

March 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= March 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

February 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

January 2020.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

December 2019.

<ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2019|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

<ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= December 2019|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

To use

<ref name="HoreshQing">{{cite web|url= https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-10-0622-7_54-1|title= The Monetary System of China under the Qing Dynasty.|date=28 September 2018|accessdate=29 July 2019|author= [[Niv Horesh]]|publisher= [[Springer Nature|Springer Link]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="HoreshQing"/>

<ref name="PrimalQing">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/chinesecoins.html#qing_dynasty_coins|title= Chinese coins – 中國錢幣 - Qing (Ch'ing) Dynasty (1644-1911)|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=30 June 2017|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="PrimalQing"/>

<ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/01/08/the-king-of-qing-dynasty-coins/|title=The King of Qing Dynasty Coins.|date=8 January 2013|accessdate=8 January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins"/>

<ref name="CambridgeInflation">{{cite web|url= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/hsienfeng-inflation/54A8F1ADDC871CC18F4DCFA828730DEB|title= The Hsien-Fêng Inflation (Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009).|date=October 1958|accessdate=28 July 2019|author= Jerome Ch'ên|publisher= [[SOAS University of London]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="CambridgeInflation"/>

<ref name="Brill2015">[https://www.academia.edu/28400259/_Silver_Copper_Rice_and_Debt_Monetary_Policy_and_Office_Selling_in_China_during_the_Taiping_Rebellion_in_Money_in_Asia_1200_1900_Small_Currencies_in_Social_and_Political_Contexts_ed._by_Jane_Kate_Leonard_and_Ulrich_Theobald_Leiden_Brill_2015_343-395 “Silver, Copper, Rice, and Debt: Monetary Policy and Office Selling in China during the Taiping Rebellion,” in Money in Asia (1200–1900): Small Currencies in Social and Political Contexts, ed.] by Jane Kate Leonard and Ulrich Theobald, [[Leiden]]: Brill, 2015, 343-395.</ref>
- <ref name="Brill2015"/>

<ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa">{{cite web|url= http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41940/1/WP159.pdf|title= Money and Monetary System in China in the 19th-20th Century: An Overview. (Working Papers No. 159/12)|date=January 2012|accessdate=26 January 2020|author= Debin Ma|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics]]|language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa"/>

<ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan">{{cite web|url= http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3307/1/Yan_In_Search_of_Power.pdf|title= In Search of Power and Credibility - Essays on Chinese Monetary History (1851-1845).|date=March 2015|accessdate=8 February 2020|author= Xun Yan|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics|London School of Economics and Political Science]]||language=en}}</ref>
- <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan"/>

Draft 3 (Golden dragon coat of arms - Đại Nam)

Protectorate of Annam

Protectorat d'Annam (French)
Trung Kỳ (中圻)

1883–1945
1945–1948

National flag and Colonial ensign

Coat of arms

Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"

"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"

Anthem: "La Marseillaise"

Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
(English: "The Emperor Mounts His Throne")

Imperial seal
皇帝之寶
(Hoàng Đế chi bảo)

(Until 1945)

Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.

Status

Protectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina

Capital

Huế

Common languages

Cham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese

Religion

Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Hinduism
Islam

Government

Absolute monarchy under colonial administration

Resident Superior

• 1886-1888

Charles Dillon

• 1947-1949

Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris

• 1884–1885

• 1889–1907

• 1916–1925

• 1925–1945

History

• Established

1883

• Disestablished

1948

Currency

Vietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1883: Empire of Đại Nam
	1945: French Indochina
	1945: Empire of Vietnam

1887: French Indochina
1945: Empire of Vietnam
1948: Provisional Central Government of Vietnam

Today part of

French Indochina with seal

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union

Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)

1887–1945
1945–1954

Emblem of the Government-General

Anthem: "La Marseillaise"

Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of Indochina
大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理
(Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý)

Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan

Status

Capital

Saigon
(1887–1902; 1945–1954)
Hanoi
(1902–1945)

Common languages

French (official)

Religion

Government

• 1887–1888 (first)

• 1955–1956 (last)

Henri Hoppenot^[a]

Historical era

1883–1886

• Establishment

17 October 1887

• Addition of Laos

19 April 1899

• Addition of Guangzhouwan

5 January 1900

22 September 1940

Oct. 1940–May 1941

9 March 1945

22 September 1945

• Indochina War

19 December 1946

21 July 1954

Area

1935

749,998 km² (289,576 sq mi)

Population

• 1935

21,599,582

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1887: Protectorate of Annam
	Protectorate of Tonkin
	French Cochinchina
	Kingdom of Cambodia
	1899: Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
	1900: Guangzhouwan
	1904: Kingdom of Champasak
	Kingdom of Siam
	1945: Empire of Vietnam
	Kingdom of Kampuchea
	1946: Kingdom of Laos

1945: Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954: State of Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos

Today part of

Laos

China

^ as Commissioner-General

French Indochina with seal, but without inscription

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union

Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)

1887–1945
1945–1954

Emblem of the Government-General

Anthem: "La Marseillaise"

Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina^[a]

Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan (now in China).

Status

Capital

Saigon
(1887–1902; 1945–1954)
Hanoi
(1902–1945)

Common languages

French (official)

Religion

Government

• 1887–1888 (first)

• 1955–1956 (last)

Henri Hoppenot^[b]

Historical era

1883–1886

• Establishment

17 October 1887

• Addition of Laos

19 April 1899

• Addition of Guangzhouwan

5 January 1900

22 September 1940

Oct. 1940–May 1941

9 March 1945

22 September 1945

• Indochina War

19 December 1946

21 July 1954

Area

1935

749,998 km² (289,576 sq mi)

Population

• 1935

21,599,582

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1887: Protectorate of Annam
	Protectorate of Tonkin
	French Cochinchina
	Kingdom of Cambodia
	1899: Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
	1900: Guangzhouwan
	1904: Kingdom of Champasak
	Kingdom of Siam
	1945: Empire of Vietnam
	Kingdom of Kampuchea
	1946: Kingdom of Laos

1945: Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954: State of Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos

Today part of

Laos

Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion

China

^ Used on Classical Chinese language documents, its inscription reads Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý (大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理) written in seal script.
^ as Commissioner-General

Tonkin with seal(s)

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tonkin_(French_protectorate)&oldid=1020811836

Protectorate of Tonkin

Protectorat du Tonkin
Bắc Kỳ (北圻)

1883–1945
1945–1948

Colonial ensign

Seal of the French Resident-Superior of Hanoi (河內公使)

Seal of the Viceroy of Tonkin

Administrative divisions of Tonkin 1920

Status

Protectorate of France (1883-1887)
Constituent territory of French Indochina (1887-1948)

Capital

Hanoi

Common languages

French, Vietnamese, Central Tai languages, Southwestern Tai languages, Hmongic languages, Mienic languages

Religion

Resident-Superior

• 1886

Paulin François Alexandre Vial

• 1947-1948

Yves Jean Digo

Historical era

Vietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre

• Established

1883

• Disestablished

1948

Population

• 1885

7,487,000^[1]

• 1939

11,509,000^[1]

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1883: Empire of Đại Nam
	Great Qing
	1945: French Indochina
	1945: Empire of Vietnam

1887: French Indochina
1945: Empire of Vietnam
1948: Provisional Central Government of Vietnam

Today part of

Top: Royal standard
(c. 1856–1871)
Bottom: Royal standard
(1882–1897)

^ ^a ^b GDP of North and South Vietnam from 1800 to 1970, Davis, University of California, January 2000

Joseon with a gallery

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296

Joseon
Chosŏn / Chosun

朝鮮 (조선)^[1]

1392–1897

Royal coat of arms

Emblem of the kingdom
(late 19th century)

Royal seals

Ming dynasty protectorate.
Qing dynasty protectorate.

Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong

Capital

Hanseong^[a]

Common languages

Korean
Classical Chinese^[2]^[3]^[4]

Religion

Confucianism (state ideology)
Buddhism
Shamanism
Taoism
Christianity (recognized in 1886)

Government

Absolute monarchy^[5]

King

• 1392–1398 (first)

Taejo

• 1863–1897 (last)

Gojong

Chief State Councillor^[b]

• 1392–1398 (first)

Jeong Do-jeon

• 1896–1898 (last)

Yun Yong Seon

History

• Coronation of Taejo

5 August 1392

• Promulgation of the Korean alphabet

9 October 1446

• Japanese invasions

1592–1598

• First and second Manchu invasions

1627, 1636–1637

• Japan–Korea Treaty of 1876

26 February 1876

• Treaty of Shimonoseki

17 April 1895

• Elevation to empire

13 October 1897

Population

• 1400^[6]

5,730,000

• 1500^[7]

9,200,000

• 1600^[7]

11,000,000

• 1700^[7]

13,500,000

• 1900^[6]

17,082,000

Currency

Mun (1423–1425, 1625–1892)
Yang (1892–1897)

Preceded by

Succeeded by

Goryeo

Korean Empire

Today part of

North Korea
South Korea

North Korea name
Korean name
Hangul	조선
Hanja	朝鮮
Revised Romanization	Joseon
McCune–Reischauer	Chosŏn
IPA	[tɕo.sʌn]
Hangul	조선봉건왕조^[8]^[9]
Hanja	朝鮮封建王朝
Revised Romanization	Joseon Bonggeon Wangjo
McCune–Reischauer	Chosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo
Official name
Hangul	대 조선 국
Hanja	大朝鮮國
Revised Romanization	Daejoseonguk
McCune–Reischauer	Taechosŏnguk
IPA	[tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚]

^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)

^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.^{[permanent dead link‍]}
^ Cite error: The named reference Met was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Lee was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Orchiston-Green-Strom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books. Joseon was an absolute monarchy
^ ^a ^b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
^ ^a ^b ^c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

French Indochina with the Vietnamese-style seal and different description

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union

Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)

1887–1945
1945–1954

Emblem of the Government-General

Anthem: "La Marseillaise"

Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina^[a]

Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan

Status

Capital

Saigon
(1887–1902; 1945–1954)
Hanoi
(1902–1945)

Common languages

French (official)

Religion

Government

• 1887–1888 (first)

• 1955–1956 (last)

Henri Hoppenot^[b]

Historical era

1883–1886

• Establishment

17 October 1887

• Addition of Laos

19 April 1899

• Addition of Guangzhouwan

5 January 1900

22 September 1940

Oct. 1940–May 1941

9 March 1945

22 September 1945

• Indochina War

19 December 1946

21 July 1954

Area

1935

749,998 km² (289,576 sq mi)

Population

• 1935

21,599,582

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1887: Protectorate of Annam
	Protectorate of Tonkin
	French Cochinchina
	Kingdom of Cambodia
	1899: Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
	1900: Guangzhouwan
	1904: Kingdom of Champasak
	Kingdom of Siam
	1945: Empire of Vietnam
	Kingdom of Kampuchea
	1946: Kingdom of Laos

1945: Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954: State of Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos

Today part of

Laos

China

^ Used on Classical Chinese language documents, its inscription reads Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý (大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理) written in seal script.
^ as Commissioner-General

French Indochina with a PNG seal

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union

Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)

1887–1945
1945–1954

Emblem of the Government-General

Anthem: "La Marseillaise"

Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina^[a]

Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan

Status

Capital

Saigon
(1887–1902; 1945–1954)
Hanoi
(1902–1945)

Common languages

French (official)

Religion

Government

• 1887–1888 (first)

• 1955–1956 (last)

Henri Hoppenot^[b]

Historical era

1883–1886

• Establishment

17 October 1887

• Addition of Laos

19 April 1899

• Addition of Guangzhouwan

5 January 1900

22 September 1940

Oct. 1940–May 1941

9 March 1945

22 September 1945

• Indochina War

19 December 1946

21 July 1954

Area

1935

749,998 km² (289,576 sq mi)

Population

• 1935

21,599,582

Currency

Preceded by

Succeeded by

	1887: Protectorate of Annam
	Protectorate of Tonkin
	French Cochinchina
	Kingdom of Cambodia
	1899: Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
	1900: Guangzhouwan
	1904: Kingdom of Champasak
	Kingdom of Siam
	1945: Empire of Vietnam
	Kingdom of Kampuchea
	1946: Kingdom of Laos

1945: Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954: State of Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos

Today part of

Laos