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User:Donald Trung/French Protectorate of Annam infobox improvements (2021)

Coordinates: 10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E / 10.800; 106.650
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This page serves as "the editing history" of the English Wikipedia article "Annam (French protectorate)" and is preserved for attribution. Its scope is expanded to related Nguyễn dynasty and post-Nguyễn dynasty articles.

Later I expanded its scope to just be a sandbox and experimentation page for just general Chinese cultural countries' infoboxes with Chinese-style seals.

As of 23 May 2021

[edit]
Protectorate of Annam
Protectorat d'Annam (French)
Trung Kỳ (中圻)
1883–1945
1945–1948
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
(English: "The Emperor Mounts His Throne")
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
StatusProtectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina
CapitalHuế
Common languagesCham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese
Religion
Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Hinduism
Islam
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under colonial administration
Resident Superior 
• 1886-1888
Charles Dillon
• 1947-1949
Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris
Emperor 
• 1884–1885
Hàm Nghi
• 1889–1907
Thành Thái
• 1916–1925
Khải Định
• 1925–1945
Bảo Đại
History 
• Established
1883
• Disestablished
1948
CurrencyVietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1883:
Empire of Đại Nam
1945:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1887:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1948:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Annam_(French_protectorate)&action=history & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Annam_(French_protectorate)&oldid=1024624385

Draft 1 (Chinese seal)

[edit]
Protectorate of Annam
Protectorat d'Annam (French)
Trung Kỳ (中圻)
1883–1945
1945–1948
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
(English: "The Emperor Mounts His Throne")
National seal
中華民國之璽

(1929-1949)
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
StatusProtectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina
CapitalHuế
Common languagesCham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese
Religion
Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Hinduism
Islam
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under colonial administration
Resident Superior 
• 1886-1888
Charles Dillon
• 1947-1949
Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris
Emperor 
• 1884–1885
Hàm Nghi
• 1889–1907
Thành Thái
• 1916–1925
Khải Định
• 1925–1945
Bảo Đại
History 
• Established
1883
• Disestablished
1948
CurrencyVietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1883:
Empire of Đại Nam
1945:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1887:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1948:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam

Draft 2

[edit]
Protectorate of Annam
Protectorat d'Annam (French)
Trung Kỳ (中圻)
1883–1945
1945–1948
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
(English: "The Emperor Mounts His Throne")
Imperial seal
皇帝之寶
(Hoàng Đế chi bảo)

(Until 1945)
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
StatusProtectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina
CapitalHuế
Common languagesCham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese
Religion
Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Hinduism
Islam
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under colonial administration
Resident Superior 
• 1886-1888
Charles Dillon
• 1947-1949
Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris
Emperor 
• 1884–1885
Hàm Nghi
• 1889–1907
Thành Thái
• 1916–1925
Khải Định
• 1925–1945
Bảo Đại
History 
• Established
1883
• Disestablished
1948
CurrencyVietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1883:
Empire of Đại Nam
1945:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1887:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1948:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=State_of_Vietnam&oldid=1021386538

State of Vietnam
Quốc gia Việt Nam (Vietnamese)
État du Viêt-Nam (French)
1949–1955
Anthem: "Thanh niên Hành Khúc"
(English: "The March of Youths")
Seal of the Chief of State
保大國長

(1949–1954)
Location of South Vietnam
StatusAssociated state of the French Union and
constituent territory of French Indochina until 1954
CapitalSaigon
10°48′N 106°39′E / 10.800°N 106.650°E / 10.800; 106.650
Common languagesVietnamese, French
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Vietnamese folk religion
Demonym(s)Vietnamese,
South Vietnamese
(after 1954)
GovernmentProvisional government
Chief of State 
• 1949–1955
Bảo Đại
Prime minister 
• 1954–1955
Ngô Đình Diệm
Historical eraCold War
• Proclamation
2 July 1949
20 July 1954
26 October 1955
Currencypiastre
đồng (from 1953)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1949:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
1954:
French Indochina
North Vietnam
South Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam
Hoàng triều Cương thổ (皇朝疆土)
Domaine de la Couronne
Collection of autonomous territories of the State of Vietnam (a part of French Indochina until 1954)
1950–1955

The Domain of the Crown within French Indochina before 1954 (note the modern provincial names and boundaries).
CapitalĐà Lạt
Area transferred
 • 1954Crown domains in Bắc phần ceded to North Vietnam
Government
 • TypeAutonomous administrative divisions
Chief of State
(as "Emperor")
 
• 1950–1955
Bảo Đại
Historical eraCold War
• Autonomy granted
15 April 1950
13 March – 7 May 1954
21 July 1954
• Disestablished
11 March 1955
Subdivisions
 • TypeAutonomous territories, provinces, districts, communes
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Montagnard country of South Indochina
Mường Autonomous Territory
Tai Autonomous Territory
Hmong Kingdoms
Nùng Autonomous Territory
Thổ Autonomous Territory
Hòa Bình Province
Thái-Mèo Autonomous Region
Việt Bắc Autonomous Region
Hải Ninh Province
Darlac
Đồng Nai Thượng
Kontum
Lâm Viên
Pleiku
Today part of Vietnam

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Empire_of_Vietnam&oldid=1021234754

Empire of Vietnam
Việt-nam Đế-quốc (Vietnamese)[a]
越南帝國 (Classical Chinese[b] and Japanese[c])
1945
Flag of Vietnam
Motto: Dân vi quý
民為貴
"The people are the most precious"
Anthem: Đăng đàn cung
"The Emperor Mounts His Throne"

Việt Nam minh châu trời Đông
"Vietnam – Pearl of the Orient"
Imperial seal
Hoàng Đế chi bảo
皇帝之寶
Dark green: Empire of Vietnam Light green: Nominally part of the Empire but under direct Japanese control
Dark green: Empire of Vietnam
Light green: Nominally part of the Empire but under direct Japanese control
StatusPuppet state of the Empire of Japan
CapitalThuận Hóa
Common languagesVietnamese, Japanese
Religion
State Shinto
Taoism
Confucianism
Buddhism
Caodaism
Hòa Hảo
Hinduism
Islam
Roman Catholicism
Demonym(s)Vietnamese
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under Japanese occupation
Emperor 
• 1945
Bảo Đại
Prime Minister 
• 1945
Trần Trọng Kim
Historical eraWorld War II
9 March 1945
• Proclamation of Independence
11 March 1945
• Cabinet formed
17 April 1945
19 August 1945
25 August 1945
CurrencyVietnamese văn, French Indochinese piastre, Japanese military currency
ISO 3166 codeVN
Preceded by
Succeeded by
French Annam
French Tonkin
French Indochina
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
French Indochina
  1. ^ Documents show the name as Việt-nam Đế-quốc, while in Modern Vietnamese, it would be Đế quốc Việt Nam
  2. ^ Some documents from 1945 feature the name in both Literary Chinese and Vietnamese.
  3. ^ Nowadays generally ベトナム帝国 (Betonamu Teikoku) in Japanese.

Joseon with two (2) Royal Seals

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296

Joseon
Chosŏn / Chosun
朝鮮 (조선)[1]
1392–1897
Royal coat of arms Emblem of the kingdom (late 19th century) of Donald Trung/French Protectorate of Annam infobox improvements (2021)
Royal coat of arms
Emblem of the Kingdom of Great Joseon
Emblem of the kingdom
(late 19th century)
Royal seals
Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong
Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong
CapitalHanseong[a]
Common languagesKorean
Classical Chinese[2][3][4]
Religion
Confucianism (state ideology)
Buddhism
Shamanism
Taoism
Christianity (recognized in 1886)
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy[5]
King 
• 1392–1398 (first)
Taejo
• 1863–1897 (last)
Gojong
Chief State Councillor[b] 
• 1392–1398 (first)
Jeong Do-jeon
• 1896–1898 (last)
Yun Yong Seon
History 
• Coronation of Taejo
5 August 1392
9 October 1446
1592–1598
1627, 1636–1637
26 February 1876
17 April 1895
13 October 1897
Population
• 1400[6]
5,730,000
• 1500[7]
9,200,000
• 1600[7]
11,000,000
• 1700[7]
13,500,000
• 1900[6]
17,082,000
CurrencyMun (1423–1425, 1625–1892)
Yang (1892–1897)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Goryeo
Korean Empire
Today part ofNorth Korea
South Korea
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJoseon
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn
IPA[tɕo.sʌn]
North Korea name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJoseon Bonggeon Wangjo
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo
Official name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationDaejoseonguk
McCune–ReischauerTaechosŏnguk
IPA[tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚]
  1. ^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
  2. ^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)
  1. ^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Met was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Lee was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Orchiston-Green-Strom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books. Joseon was an absolute monarchy
  6. ^ a b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
  7. ^ a b c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
  8. ^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  9. ^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

Standard reference templates

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August 2021.
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  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= August 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
July 2021.
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  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= July 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
June 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= June 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
May 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
April 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
February 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= March 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
February 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= February 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
January 2021.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= January 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
December 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= December 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
October 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= October 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
November 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= November 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
September 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= September 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
August 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= August 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>
July 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= July 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
June 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= June 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
May 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= May 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=May 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
April 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=April 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>
March 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= March 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
February 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
January 2020.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
December 2019.
  • <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2019|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= December 2019|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

To use

[edit]
  • <ref name="HoreshQing">{{cite web|url= https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-10-0622-7_54-1|title= The Monetary System of China under the Qing Dynasty.|date=28 September 2018|accessdate=29 July 2019|author= [[Niv Horesh]]|publisher= [[Springer Nature|Springer Link]]|language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="HoreshQing"/>
  • <ref name="PrimalQing">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/chinesecoins.html#qing_dynasty_coins|title= Chinese coins – 中國錢幣 - Qing (Ch'ing) Dynasty (1644-1911)|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=30 June 2017|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="PrimalQing"/>
  • <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/01/08/the-king-of-qing-dynasty-coins/|title=The King of Qing Dynasty Coins.|date=8 January 2013|accessdate=8 January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins"/>
  • <ref name="CambridgeInflation">{{cite web|url= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/hsienfeng-inflation/54A8F1ADDC871CC18F4DCFA828730DEB|title= The Hsien-Fêng Inflation (Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009).|date=October 1958|accessdate=28 July 2019|author= Jerome Ch'ên|publisher= [[SOAS University of London]]|language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="CambridgeInflation"/>
  • <ref name="Brill2015">[https://www.academia.edu/28400259/_Silver_Copper_Rice_and_Debt_Monetary_Policy_and_Office_Selling_in_China_during_the_Taiping_Rebellion_in_Money_in_Asia_1200_1900_Small_Currencies_in_Social_and_Political_Contexts_ed._by_Jane_Kate_Leonard_and_Ulrich_Theobald_Leiden_Brill_2015_343-395 “Silver, Copper, Rice, and Debt: Monetary Policy and Office Selling in China during the Taiping Rebellion,” in Money in Asia (1200–1900): Small Currencies in Social and Political Contexts, ed.] by Jane Kate Leonard and Ulrich Theobald, [[Leiden]]: Brill, 2015, 343-395.</ref>
    • <ref name="Brill2015"/>
  • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa">{{cite web|url= http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41940/1/WP159.pdf|title= Money and Monetary System in China in the 19th-20th Century: An Overview. (Working Papers No. 159/12)|date=January 2012|accessdate=26 January 2020|author= Debin Ma|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics]]|language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa"/>
  • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan">{{cite web|url= http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3307/1/Yan_In_Search_of_Power.pdf|title= In Search of Power and Credibility - Essays on Chinese Monetary History (1851-1845).|date=March 2015|accessdate=8 February 2020|author= Xun Yan|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics|London School of Economics and Political Science]]||language=en}}</ref>
    • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan"/>

Draft 3 (Golden dragon coat of arms - Đại Nam)

[edit]
Protectorate of Annam
Protectorat d'Annam (French)
Trung Kỳ (中圻)
1883–1945
1945–1948
Motto: "Liberté, égalité, fraternité"
"Liberty, Equality, Fraternity"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Royal anthem: Đăng đàn cung
(English: "The Emperor Mounts His Throne")
Imperial seal
皇帝之寶
(Hoàng Đế chi bảo)

(Until 1945)
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
Administrative divisions of the French Protectorate of Annam in 1920.
StatusProtectorate of France; constituent territory of French Indochina
CapitalHuế
Common languagesCham, Bahnar, Rade, Jarai, Stieng, Mnong, Koho, Chinese, French, Vietnamese
Religion
Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Hinduism
Islam
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy under colonial administration
Resident Superior 
• 1886-1888
Charles Dillon
• 1947-1949
Henri Pierre Joseph Marie Lebris
Emperor 
• 1884–1885
Hàm Nghi
• 1889–1907
Thành Thái
• 1916–1925
Khải Định
• 1925–1945
Bảo Đại
History 
• Established
1883
• Disestablished
1948
CurrencyVietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1883:
Empire of Đại Nam
1945:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1887:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1948:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam

French Indochina with seal

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union
Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)
1887–1945
1945–1954
Emblem of the Government-General of French Indochina
Emblem of the Government-General
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of Indochina
大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理
(Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý)
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
StatusFederation of French colonial possessions
Capital
Common languagesFrench (official)
Religion
GovernmentFrench federation
Governor-General 
• 1887–1888 (first)
Ernest Constans
• 1955–1956 (last)
Henri Hoppenot[a]
Historical eraNew Imperialism
1883–1886
• Establishment
17 October 1887
19 April 1899
• Addition of Guangzhouwan
5 January 1900
22 September 1940
Oct. 1940–May 1941
9 March 1945
22 September 1945
19 December 1946
21 July 1954
Area
1935749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi)
Population
• 1935
21,599,582
CurrencyFrench Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1887:
Protectorate
of Annam
Protectorate
of Tonkin
French
Cochinchina
Kingdom of Cambodia
1899:
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
1900:
Guangzhouwan
1904:
Kingdom of Champasak
Kingdom
of Siam
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
1946:
Kingdom of Laos
1945:
Empire of
Vietnam
Kingdom of
Kampuchea
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954:
State of
Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos
Today part of Vietnam
 Laos
 Cambodia
 China
  1. ^ as Commissioner-General

French Indochina with seal, but without inscription

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union
Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)
1887–1945
1945–1954
Emblem of the Government-General of French Indochina
Emblem of the Government-General
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a]
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan (now in China).
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan (now in China).
StatusFederation of French colonial possessions
Capital
Common languagesFrench (official)
Religion
GovernmentFrench federation
Governor-General 
• 1887–1888 (first)
Ernest Constans
• 1955–1956 (last)
Henri Hoppenot[b]
Historical eraNew Imperialism
1883–1886
• Establishment
17 October 1887
19 April 1899
• Addition of Guangzhouwan
5 January 1900
22 September 1940
Oct. 1940–May 1941
9 March 1945
22 September 1945
19 December 1946
21 July 1954
Area
1935749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi)
Population
• 1935
21,599,582
CurrencyFrench Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1887:
Protectorate
of Annam
Protectorate
of Tonkin
French
Cochinchina
Kingdom of Cambodia
1899:
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
1900:
Guangzhouwan
1904:
Kingdom of Champasak
Kingdom
of Siam
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
1946:
Kingdom of Laos
1945:
Empire of
Vietnam
Kingdom of
Kampuchea
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954:
State of
Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos
Today part of Vietnam
 Laos
 Cambodia
 China
  1. ^ Used on Classical Chinese language documents, its inscription reads Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý (大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理) written in seal script.
  2. ^ as Commissioner-General

Tonkin with seal(s)

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tonkin_(French_protectorate)&oldid=1020811836

Protectorate of Tonkin
Protectorat du Tonkin
Bắc Kỳ (北圻)
1883–1945
1945–1948
Seal of the French Resident-Superior of Hanoi (河內公使) of Tonkin
Seal of the French Resident-Superior of Hanoi (河內公使)
Seal of the Viceroy of Tonkin
Administrative divisions of Tonkin 1920
Administrative divisions of Tonkin 1920
StatusProtectorate of France (1883-1887)
Constituent territory of French Indochina (1887-1948)
CapitalHanoi
Common languagesFrench, Vietnamese, Central Tai languages, Southwestern Tai languages, Hmongic languages, Mienic languages
Religion
Mahayana Buddhism
Confucianism
Taoism
Catholicism
Folk religion
Resident-Superior 
• 1886
Paulin François Alexandre Vial
• 1947-1948
Yves Jean Digo
Historical eraNew Imperialism
• Established
1883
• Disestablished
1948
Population
• 1885
7,487,000[1]
• 1939
11,509,000[1]
CurrencyVietnamese cash,
French Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1883:
Empire of Đại Nam
Great Qing
1945:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1887:
French Indochina
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
1948:
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam
Today part ofVietnam
[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseon&oldid=1025557296

Joseon
Chosŏn / Chosun
朝鮮 (조선)[1]
1392–1897
Royal coat of arms Emblem of the kingdom (late 19th century) of Donald Trung/French Protectorate of Annam infobox improvements (2021)
Royal coat of arms
Emblem of the Kingdom of Great Joseon
Emblem of the kingdom
(late 19th century)
Royal seals
Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong
Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong
CapitalHanseong[a]
Common languagesKorean
Classical Chinese[2][3][4]
Religion
Confucianism (state ideology)
Buddhism
Shamanism
Taoism
Christianity (recognized in 1886)
GovernmentAbsolute monarchy[5]
King 
• 1392–1398 (first)
Taejo
• 1863–1897 (last)
Gojong
Chief State Councillor[b] 
• 1392–1398 (first)
Jeong Do-jeon
• 1896–1898 (last)
Yun Yong Seon
History 
• Coronation of Taejo
5 August 1392
9 October 1446
1592–1598
1627, 1636–1637
26 February 1876
17 April 1895
13 October 1897
Population
• 1400[6]
5,730,000
• 1500[7]
9,200,000
• 1600[7]
11,000,000
• 1700[7]
13,500,000
• 1900[6]
17,082,000
CurrencyMun (1423–1425, 1625–1892)
Yang (1892–1897)
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Goryeo
Korean Empire
Today part ofNorth Korea
South Korea
Korean name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJoseon
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn
IPA[tɕo.sʌn]
North Korea name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationJoseon Bonggeon Wangjo
McCune–ReischauerChosŏn Bonggŏnwangjo
Official name
Hangul
Hanja
Revised RomanizationDaejoseonguk
McCune–ReischauerTaechosŏnguk
IPA[tɛ.tɕo.sʌn.ɡuk̚]
  1. ^ Now Seoul, South Korea.
  2. ^ Style: Yeonguijeong (1401-1894); Naegak chongri daesin (1894-96); Ui jeong (1896-1905)
  1. ^ Li, Jun-gyu (이준규) (2009-07-22). (세상사는 이야기) 왜색에 물든 우리말-(10) (in Korean). Newstown. 1392년부터 1910년까지 한반도전역을 통치하였던 조선(朝鮮)은 일반적으로 조선왕조(朝鮮王朝)라 칭하였으며, 어보(御寶), 국서(國書)등에도 대조선국(大朝鮮國)이라는 명칭을 사용하였었다. (translation) Joseon which had ruled from 1392 to 1910 was commonly referred to as the "Joseon dynasty" while "Great Joseon State" was used in the royal seal, national documents, and others.[permanent dead link]
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Met was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference Lee was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference Orchiston-Green-Strom was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Choi, Sang-hun (27 October 2017). Interior Space and Furniture of Joseon Upper-class Houses. Ewha Womans University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9788973007202 – via Google Books. Joseon was an absolute monarchy
  6. ^ a b 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론.
  7. ^ a b c 이헌창 (1999). 한국경제통사 52쪽.
  8. ^ "조선력사 시대구분표". Naenara (in Korean). Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
  9. ^ "Korean History in Chronological Order". Naenara. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 1 July 2019.

French Indochina with the Vietnamese-style seal and different description

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union
Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)
1887–1945
1945–1954
Emblem of the Government-General of French Indochina
Emblem of the Government-General
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a]
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
StatusFederation of French colonial possessions
Capital
Common languagesFrench (official)
Religion
GovernmentFrench federation
Governor-General 
• 1887–1888 (first)
Ernest Constans
• 1955–1956 (last)
Henri Hoppenot[b]
Historical eraNew Imperialism
1883–1886
• Establishment
17 October 1887
19 April 1899
• Addition of Guangzhouwan
5 January 1900
22 September 1940
Oct. 1940–May 1941
9 March 1945
22 September 1945
19 December 1946
21 July 1954
Area
1935749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi)
Population
• 1935
21,599,582
CurrencyFrench Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1887:
Protectorate
of Annam
Protectorate
of Tonkin
French
Cochinchina
Kingdom of Cambodia
1899:
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
1900:
Guangzhouwan
1904:
Kingdom of Champasak
Kingdom
of Siam
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
1946:
Kingdom of Laos
1945:
Empire of
Vietnam
Kingdom of
Kampuchea
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954:
State of
Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos
Today part of Vietnam
 Laos
 Cambodia
 China
  1. ^ Used on Classical Chinese language documents, its inscription reads Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý (大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理) written in seal script.
  2. ^ as Commissioner-General

French Indochina with a PNG seal

[edit]

Copied from: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=French_Indochina&oldid=1022012532

Indochinese Union
Union indochinoise (French)
Liên bang Đông Dương (Vietnamese)
សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន (Khmer)
ສະຫະພາບອິນໂດຈີນ (Lao)
1887–1945
1945–1954
Emblem of the Government-General of French Indochina
Emblem of the Government-General
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Vietnamese-style seal of the Government-General of French Indochina[a]
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
Map of French Indochina, excluding Guangzhouwan
StatusFederation of French colonial possessions
Capital
Common languagesFrench (official)
Religion
GovernmentFrench federation
Governor-General 
• 1887–1888 (first)
Ernest Constans
• 1955–1956 (last)
Henri Hoppenot[b]
Historical eraNew Imperialism
1883–1886
• Establishment
17 October 1887
19 April 1899
• Addition of Guangzhouwan
5 January 1900
22 September 1940
Oct. 1940–May 1941
9 March 1945
22 September 1945
19 December 1946
21 July 1954
Area
1935749,998 km2 (289,576 sq mi)
Population
• 1935
21,599,582
CurrencyFrench Indochinese piastre
Preceded by
Succeeded by
1887:
Protectorate
of Annam
Protectorate
of Tonkin
French
Cochinchina
Kingdom of Cambodia
1899:
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
1900:
Guangzhouwan
1904:
Kingdom of Champasak
Kingdom
of Siam
1945:
Empire of Vietnam
Kingdom of Kampuchea
1946:
Kingdom of Laos
1945:
Empire of
Vietnam
Kingdom of
Kampuchea
Kingdom of
Luang Phrabang
Democratic Republic of Vietnam
Republic of China
1954:
State of
Vietnam
Kingdom of Cambodia
Kingdom of Laos
Today part of Vietnam
 Laos
 Cambodia
 China
  1. ^ Used on Classical Chinese language documents, its inscription reads Đại Pháp Quốc Khâm mệnh Tổng thống Đông Pháp Toàn quyền đại thần quản lý (大法國欽命總統東法全權大臣管理) written in seal script.
  2. ^ as Commissioner-General