User:Dogmom2005/Atira (goddess)

Atira (Pawnee atíraʼ [ətíɾəʔ]), literally "our mother" or "Mother (vocative)",^[1] is the title of the earth goddess (among others) in the Native American Pawnee tribal culture.^[2]

She was the wife of Tirawa, the creator god. Her earthly manifestation is corn, which symbolizes the life that Mother Earth gives.^[3]^[4]

The goddess was revered in a ceremony called Hako.^[5]^[6] The ceremony used an ear of corn (maize) painted blue to represent the sky and white feathers attached to represent a cloud as a symbol of Atira.^[7]^[8]

The symbol used to represent the goddess Atira in the Pawnee Hako ceremony

Her daughter was Uti Hiata who taught the Pawnee people how to make tools and grow food.^[9]

Legacy

163693 Atira, the first asteroid known to have an orbit entirely within that of Earth, is named for Atira.^[10]
Atira Mons, a mountain on Venus, is named for Atira.^[11]
Atira is included among the women listed in the Heritage Floor of Judy Chicago's The Dinner Party.^[12]

References

^ Douglas Parks & Lula Pratt, A Dictionary of Skiri Pawnee, University of Nebraska Press, 2008.
^ Auset, Brandi (2009-01-01). The Goddess Guide: Exploring the Attributes and Correspondences of the Divine Feminine. Llewellyn Worldwide. ISBN 9780738715513.
^ Monaghan, Patricia (2009-12-18). Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313349904.
^ Alexander, Hartley B (1912). "A Pawnee Mystery (Illustrated)". The Open Court. 1912 (7). Retrieved 2015-11-27.
^ Fletcher, Alice C. (2006). The Hako: A Pawnee Ceremony. Kessinger Publishing, LLC.
^ Fletcher, Alice Cunningham. "The Hako: a Pawnee ceremony". www.ebooksread.com. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
^ Monaghan
^ "The Open Court magazine, July 1912, page 385 A Pawnee Mystery by Hartley B. Alexander". Retrieved 2012-06-29.
^ Monaghan, Patricia (2009-12-31). Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines By Patricia Monaghan page 534. ISBN 9780313349904. Retrieved 2012-06-29.
^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
^ Greeley, Ronald; Batson, Raymond (2001-11-29). The Compact NASA Atlas of the Solar System. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521806336.
^ "Brooklyn Museum: Atira". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2015-11-27.
^ "Brooklyn Museum: Atira". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2022-10-19.

[1] Douglas Parks & Lula Pratt, A Dictionary of Skiri Pawnee, University of Nebraska Press, 2008.

[2] Auset, Brandi (2009-01-01). The Goddess Guide: Exploring the Attributes and Correspondences of the Divine Feminine. Llewellyn Worldwide. ISBN 9780738715513.

[3] Monaghan, Patricia (2009-12-18). Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313349904.

[4] Alexander, Hartley B (1912). "A Pawnee Mystery (Illustrated)". The Open Court. 1912 (7). Retrieved 2015-11-27.

[5] Fletcher, Alice C. (2006). The Hako: A Pawnee Ceremony. Kessinger Publishing, LLC.

[6] Fletcher, Alice Cunningham. "The Hako: a Pawnee ceremony". www.ebooksread.com. Retrieved 2015-11-27.

[7] Monaghan

[8] "The Open Court magazine, July 1912, page 385 A Pawnee Mystery by Hartley B. Alexander". Retrieved 2012-06-29.

[9] Monaghan, Patricia (2009-12-31). Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines By Patricia Monaghan page 534. ISBN 9780313349904. Retrieved 2012-06-29.

[10] "JPL Small-Body Database Browser". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2015-11-27.

[11] Greeley, Ronald; Batson, Raymond (2001-11-29). The Compact NASA Atlas of the Solar System. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521806336.

[12] "Brooklyn Museum: Atira". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2015-11-27.

[13] "Brooklyn Museum: Atira". www.brooklynmuseum.org. Retrieved 2022-10-19.

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