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Birds

Species	Common name	Location(s)	Comments
Aplonis fusca	Tasman starling	Norfolk Island and Lord Howe Island, NSW	Last recorded on Lord Howe Island in 1918 and Norfolk Island in 1923. The competition from the introduction of the European starling, song thrust and common blackbird, as well as predation from black rats and clearance of natural habitat for agriculture, are factors considered to have contributed to its extinction. ^[1]
Columba vitiensis godmanae	White-throated pigeon (Lord Howe Island), Lord Howe pigeon	Lord Howe Island	Last recorded sighting in 1853. The likely cause of extinction is considered to be trapping and hunting for food by settlers and visiting sailors.^[2]
Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae subflavescens	Red-crowned parakeet (Lord Howe Island), Lord Howe parakeet	Lord Howe Island	Last recorded in 1869. Their main threat was hunting and trapping by settlers. It was previously considered to be plentiful on the island, however, they were labelled a pest as large numbers destroyed cultivated crops and gardens.^[3]
Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis	Rufous bristlebird (western), southwestern rufous bristlebird	Western Australia	Last recorded in 1908 when a specimen was collected. It is considered to have become extinct after ts shrubland habitat was burnt repeatedly to convert it into pasture in the early 20th century.^[4]
Dromaius novaehollandiae minor	King Island emu, dwarf emu	King Island	Driven to extinction in Australia in 1805, however, two captive specimen which had been transported to Paris died in 1822. Excessive hunting for food by the early seal-hunters who used specially-trained dogs to catch and kill the birds is believed to be the cause of their extinction.^[5]
Dromaius novaehollandiae baudinianus	Kangaroo Island emu, black emu	Kangaroo Island	Last published record in 1819, considered to have become extinct due to repeated burning by bushfires and being hunted for food by seal-hunters and early settlers.^[6]
Dromaius novaehollandiae diemenensis	Tasmanian emu	Tasmania	Last specimen was collected in 1845 and is believed to have gone extinct in 1850 due to increased hunting pressure by settlers during the 1800s.^[7]
Drymodes superciliaris colcloughi	Roper River scrub-robin	NT	The only record that exists of the bird is from two skins, collected in 1910. The subspecies may be invalid.^[8]
Gallicolumba norfolciensis	Norfolk ground dove	Norfolk Island	1850s
Gerygone insularis	Lord Howe gerygone, Lord Howe warbler	Lord Howe Island	Not recorded since 1928. Believed to be a result of the introduction of black rats following the grounding of the SS Makambo in June 1918.
Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae spadicea	New Zealand pigeon (Norfolk Island race)	Norfolk Island
Lalage leucopyga leucopyga	Norfolk Island long-tailed triller	Norfolk Island
Nestor productus	Norfolk Island kaka	Norfolk Island	1851
Ninox novaeseelandiae albaria	Southern boobook (Lord Howe Island), Lord Howe boobook	Lord Howe Island	1950s
Ninox novaeseelandiae undulata	Southern boobook (Norfolk Island), Norfolk Island boobook	Norfolk Island	1996
Porphyrio albus	White gallinule	Lord Howe Island
Psephotus pulcherrimus	Paradise parrot	NSW, Qld	Date uncertain but around 1927; more recent sightings are sometimes claimed, but have never been confirmed. Cause uncertain, most hypotheses centre on starvation from lack of grass seed after drought, overgrazing, more frequent fires, and introduction of the prickly pear.
Rallus pectoralis clelandi	Lewin's water rail (western)	WA	Last record: 1932.
Gallirallus philippensis macquariensis	Macquarie Island rail	Macquarie Island
Rhipidura cervina	Lord Howe fantail	Lord Howe Island	Not recorded since 1924. Believed to be a result of the introduction of black rats following the grounding of the SS Makambo in June 1918.
Turdus poliocephalus poliocephalus	Norfolk Island thrush, grey-headed blackbird	Norfolk Island
Turdus poliocephalus vinitinctus	Lord Howe Island thrush	Lord Howe Island	Not recorded since c. 1924. Believed to be a result of the introduction of black rats following the grounding of the SS Makambo in June 1918.
Zosterops albogularis	White-chested white-eye, Norfolk Island silvereye	Norfolk Island	The IUCN considers this species endangered; it is listed as extinct under the EPBC act since it has not been officially documented for over 20 years.
Zosterops strenuus	Robust white-eye	Lord Howe Island	Not recorded since 1923. Believed to be a result of the introduction of black rats following the grounding of the SS Makambo in June 1918.

^ "Aplonis fusca — Tasman Starling". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 16 August 2018.
^ "Columba vitiensis godmanae — Lord Howe White-throated Pigeon, White-throated Pigeon (Lord Howe Island)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
^ "Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae subflavescens — Lord Howe Tasman Parakeet, Red-crowned Parakeet (Lord Howe Island)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
^ "Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis — Rufous Bristlebird (western), South-western Rufous Bristlebird". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
^ "Dromaius ater — King Island Emu". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.
^ "Dromaius novaehollandiae baudinianus — Kangaroo Island Emu". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
^ "Dromaius novaehollandiae diemenensis — Tasmanian Emu, Emu (Tasmanian)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
^ Schodde R, Mason IJ (1999). The Directory of Australian Birds: Passerines. A Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Atlas of the Biodiversity of Birds in Australia and its Territories. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. pp. x 851 pp. ISBN 0-643-06456-7.

[1] "Aplonis fusca — Tasman Starling". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 16 August 2018.

[2] "Columba vitiensis godmanae — Lord Howe White-throated Pigeon, White-throated Pigeon (Lord Howe Island)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

[3] "Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae subflavescens — Lord Howe Tasman Parakeet, Red-crowned Parakeet (Lord Howe Island)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

[4] "Dasyornis broadbenti litoralis — Rufous Bristlebird (western), South-western Rufous Bristlebird". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

[5] "Dromaius ater — King Island Emu". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 28 June 2020.

[6] "Dromaius novaehollandiae baudinianus — Kangaroo Island Emu". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 3 July 2020.

[7] "Dromaius novaehollandiae diemenensis — Tasmanian Emu, Emu (Tasmanian)". Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Retrieved 3 July 2020.

[Sch99-8] Schodde R, Mason IJ (1999). The Directory of Australian Birds: Passerines. A Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Atlas of the Biodiversity of Birds in Australia and its Territories. Collingwood, Australia: CSIRO Publishing. pp. x 851 pp. ISBN 0-643-06456-7.

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